Ukuxhunyelelwa kwesikhumba

Ukuxhunyelelwa kwesikhumba isiqeshana sesikhumba esisuswa ngokuhlinzwa sisuka endaweni eyodwa yomzimba bese sitshalwe kabusha, noma sinamathiselwa kwenye indawo.

Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngenkathi ungaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Lokho kusho ukuthi uzobe ulele futhi ungenazinhlungu.

Isikhumba esinempilo sithathwa endaweni esemzimbeni wakho ebizwa nge-donor site. Iningi labantu abahlonyelwa isikhumba linokuphakanyiswa kwesikhumba okuhlukanisiwe. Lokhu kuthatha izingqimba ezimbili eziphezulu zesikhumba esizeni sabanikeli (i-epidermis) kanye nongqimba ngaphansi kwe-epidermis (i-dermis).

Isiza sabanikeli singaba yinoma iyiphi indawo yomzimba. Izikhathi eziningi, yindawo efihliwe ngezingubo, ezinjengezinqa noma ithanga langaphakathi.

Ukuxhunyelelwa kusatshalaliswa ngokucophelela endaweni engenalutho lapho kutshalwa khona. Ibanjelwe endaweni ingcindezi emnene evela ekugqokeni kahle okumbozayo, noma ngeziqobelo noma ngemithungo emincane embalwa. Indawo yesiza sabanikeli imbozwe ngengubo oyinyumba izinsuku ezi-3 kuye kwezi-5.

Abantu abalahlekelwe izicubu ezijulile bangadinga ukufakelwa kwesikhumba okugcwele ngokuphelele. Lokhu kudinga ukushuba okuphelele kwesikhumba kusuka kusiza sabanikeli, hhayi izingqimba ezimbili eziphezulu kuphela.

Ukuxhunyelelwa kwesikhumba okugcwele ngokuphelele kuyinkqubo eyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe. Izindawo ezijwayelekile zabanikeli bokufakwa ngokugcwele kwesikhumba zifaka udonga lwesifuba, emuva, noma odongeni lwesisu.

Izindwangu zesikhumba zinganconyelwa lokhu:

• Izindawo lapho kube nokutheleleka okwenze inani elikhulu lokulahleka kwesikhumba
• Kushe
• Izizathu zezimonyo noma ukuhlinzwa okwakha kabusha lapho kube khona ukulimala kwesikhumba noma ukulahleka kwesikhumba
• Ukuhlinzwa komdlavuza wesikhumba
• Ukuhlinzwa okudinga ukufakelwa kwesikhumba ukuze kuphole
• Izilonda ze-venous, izilonda zengcindezi, noma izilonda zesifo sikashukela ezingapholi
• Amanxeba amakhulu kakhulu
• Isilonda udokotela ohlinzayo angakwazanga ukusivala kahle

Ubuciko bokuqina obugcwele benziwa lapho kulahleka izicubu eziningi. Lokhu kungenzeka ngokuphuka okuvulekile komlenze ongezansi, noma ngemuva kokutheleleka okunzima.

Izingozi ze-anesthesia nokuhlinzwa ngokujwayelekile yilezi:

• Ukungezwani komzimba nemithi
• Izinkinga ngokuphefumula
• Ukopha, amahlule egazi, noma ukutheleleka

Izingozi zalokhu kuhlinzwa yilezi:

• Ukopha
• Ubuhlungu obungapheli (kuyaqabukela)
• Ukutheleleka
• Ukulahleka kwesikhumba esihlanganisiwe (ukuxhunyelelwa akuphulukisi, noma ukuphulukiswa ngokuxhunyelelwa kancane)
• Ukunciphisa isikhumba esilahlekile noma esilahlekile, noma ukuzwela okukhulu
• Kubabaza
• Ukuguqulwa kwesikhumba
• Ubuso besikhumba obungalingani

Tshela udokotela wakho ohlinzayo noma umhlengikazi:

• Imiphi imithi oyiphuzayo, ngisho nezidakamizwa noma amakhambi owathengile ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela.
• Uma ngabe uphuze kakhulu utshwala.

Phakathi nezinsuku ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa:

• Ungacelwa ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha imithi eyenza kube nzima ngegazi lakho ukuminyana. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-aspirin, ibuprofen, warfarin (Coumadin), nezinye.
• Buza udokotela wakho ohlinzayo ukuthi yiziphi izidakamizwa okufanele usaziphuza ngosuku lokuhlinzwa kwakho.
• Uma ubhema, zama ukuyeka. Ukubhema kukhuphula amathuba akho ezinkinga njengokwelapha kancane. Buza umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo usizo lokuyeka.

Ngosuku lokuhlinzwa:

• Landela imiyalo yokuthi ungakuyeka nini ukudla nokuphuza.
• Thatha izidakamizwa udokotela wakho ohlinzayo akutshele ukuthi uziphuze kancane.

Kufanele ululame ngokushesha ngemuva kokuxhunyelelwa kokuqina kwesikhumba. Ubuciko bokuqina obugcwele budinga isikhathi esinde sokutakula. Uma uthole lolu hlobo lokuxhunyelelwa, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlale esibhedlela isonto elilodwa kuya kwamabili.

Ngemuva kokukhishwa esibhedlela, landela imiyalo yokuthi ungasinakekela kanjani isigxivizo sakho sesikhumba, kufaka phakathi:

• Ukugqoka okokugqoka isonto elilodwa kuya kwamabili. Buza umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi kufanele ukunakekele kanjani ukugqoka, njengokukuvikela ukuthi kungabi manzi.
• Ukuvikela ukuxhwilwa ekuhlukumezeni amasonto ama-3 kuye kwayi-4. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukugwema ukushaywa noma ukwenza noma yikuphi ukuzivocavoca okungalimaza noma kwelule ukuxhumeka.
• Ukuthola ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, uma udokotela ohlinzayo ekuncoma.

Ukuxhunyelelwa okuningi kwesikhumba kuyaphumelela, kepha okunye akuphilisi kahle. Ungadinga ukubumbana kwesibili.

Ukufakelwa kwesikhumba; Ukuzikhumbuza kwesikhumba; FTSG; STSG; Hlukanisa ukujiya kwesikhumba ngokujiya; Ubukhulu besikhumba obugqinsiwe ngokugcwele

• Ukuvimbela izilonda zengcindezi
• Ukunakekelwa kwesilonda sokuhlinzwa - kuvulekile

• Ukuxhunyelelwa kwesikhumba
• Izendlalelo zesikhumba
• Ukuxhunyelelwa kwesikhumba - uchungechunge

UMcGrath MH, uPomerantz JH. I - plastic surgery. Ku: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. ISabiston Incwadi Yokuhlinzwa. Umhla ka-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 68.

URatner D, uNyyar PM. Imisebenzi yezandla, ku: Bolognia JL, Schaffer JV, Cerroni L, eds. Isikhumba. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 148.

I-Scherer-Pietramaggiori SS, iPietramaggiori G, i-Orgill DP. Ukuxhunyelelwa kwesikhumba. Ku: Gurtner GC, PC yeNeligan, ama-eds. Ukuhlinzwa Kweplastiki, Umqulu 1: Izimiso. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 15.