Ukwelashwa kokufaka esikhundleni seNicotine

Ukwelashwa esikhundleni seNicotine ukwelashwa okusiza abantu bayeke ukubhema. Isebenzisa imikhiqizo enikezela ngemithamo ephansi ye-nicotine. Le mikhiqizo ayiqukethe ubuthi obuningi obutholakala entuthuni. Umgomo wokwelashwa ukunciphisa izifiso ze-nicotine futhi unciphise izimpawu zokuhoxa kwe-nicotine.

Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale usebenzise umkhiqizo wokufaka esikhundleni se-nicotine, nazi ezinye izinto okufanele uzazi:

• Lapho usikilidi obhema kakhulu, umthamo ongawudinga ukuqala uphakeme.
• Ukungeza uhlelo lokwelulekwa kuzokwenza ube sethubeni lokuyeka.
• UNGABHALI ngenkathi usebenzisa enye ye-nicotine. Kungadala i-nicotine ifinyelele emazingeni anobuthi.
• Ukufakwa esikhundleni seNicotine kusiza ukuvimbela ukuzuza kwesisindo ngenkathi uyisebenzisa. Usengathola isisindo lapho uyeka konke ukusetshenziswa kwe-nicotine.
• Umthamo we-nicotine kufanele wehle kancane.

IZINHLOBO ZOKWELASHWA KWE-NICOTINE

Izithako zeNicotine ziza ngezindlela eziningi:

• Gum
• Abahogelwayo
• AmaLozenges
• Isifutho sekhala
• Isikhumba sesikhumba

Konke lokhu kusebenza kahle uma kusetshenziswe kahle. Abantu basemathubeni amaningi okuthi basebenzise ushungamu namachashazi ngendlela efanele kunezinye izinhlobo.

Isichibi seNicotine

Ungathenga ama-nicotine patches ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela. Noma, ungacela umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuthi akunikeze isichibi.

Zonke izingqimba ze-nicotine zibekwa futhi zisetshenziswa ngezindlela ezifanayo:

• Kufakwa isichibi esisodwa usuku ngalunye. Ishintshwa ngemuva kwamahora angama-24.
• Beka isichibi ezindaweni ezihlukene ngaphezu kokhalo nangaphansi kwentamo usuku ngalunye.
• Beka isichibi endaweni engenaboya.
• Abantu abagqoka ama-patches amahora angama-24 bazoba nezimpawu ezimbalwa zokuhoxa.
• Uma ukugqoka isichibi ebusuku kubangela amaphupho angajwayelekile, zama ukulala ngaphandle kwesiqephu.
• Abantu ababhema osikilidi abangaphansi kwali-10 ngosuku noma abanesisindo esingaphansi kwamakhilogremu angama-99 (ama-45 kilograms) kufanele baqale ngesiqeshana somthamo ophansi (ngokwesibonelo, i-14 mg).

I-nicotine gum noma i-lozenge

Ungathenga i-nicotine gum noma i-lozenges ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela. Abanye abantu bakhetha ama-lozenges esiqeshini, ngoba bayakwazi ukulawula umthamo we-nicotine.

Amathiphu wokusebenzisa ushungamu:

• Landela imiyalo eza nephakheji.
• Uma usaqala ukuyeka, hlafuna izingcezu ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2 ihora ngalinye. UNGAZI ukuhlafuna izingcezu ezingaphezu kwezingama-20 ngosuku.
• Hhlahla ushungamu kancane ize ikhule ibe nopelepele. Bese, uyigcine phakathi kwenhlaka kanye nesihlathi bese uyigcina lapho. Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi i-nicotine ingene.
• Linda okungenani imizuzu engu-15 ngemuva kokuphuza ikhofi, itiye, iziphuzo ezibandayo, neziphuzo ezine-asidi ngaphambi kokuhlafuna isiqeshana sezinsini.
• Abantu ababhema ama-25 noma ngaphezulu osikilidi ngosuku banemiphumela engcono ngomthamo we-4 mg kunaleyo ye-2 mg dose.
• Umgomo ukuyeka ukusebenzisa ushungamu emasontweni ayi-12. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ushungamu isikhathi eside.

I-nicotine inhaler

I-nicotine inhaler ibukeka njengesiphathi sikasikilidi sepulasitiki. Kudinga incwadi kadokotela e-United States.

• Faka ama-nicotine cartridges ku-inhaler naku "puff" cishe imizuzu engama-20. Yenza lokhu kuze kube izikhathi eziyi-16 ngosuku.
• I-inhaler isebenza ngokushesha. Kuthatha cishe isikhathi esifanayo nensini ukwenza. Iyashesha kunamahora ama-2 kuye kwangama-4 ayithathayo ukuze isichibi sisebenze.
• I-inhaler yanelisa izifiso zomlomo.
• Iningi lomhosha we-nicotine awungeni ezindleleni zomoya zamaphaphu. Abanye abantu bacasulwa ngumlomo noma umphimbo futhi bakhwehlela nge-inhaler.

Kungasiza ukusebenzisa i-inhaler nokuhlangana ndawonye lapho uyeka.

Isifutho samakhala weNicotine

Isifutho samakhala sidinga ukunikezwa ngumhlinzeki.

Isifutho sinikeza isilinganiso esisheshayo se-nicotine ukwanelisa ukulangazelela ongakwazi ukukuziba. Amaleveli we-nicotine peak phakathi kwemizuzu emi-5 kuya kwengu-10 ngemuva kokusebenzisa isifutho.

• Landela imiyalo yomhlinzeki wakho mayelana nendlela yokusebenzisa isifutho. Lapho uqala ukuyeka, ungatshelwa ukuthi ufafaze ama-1 izikhathi ezi-2 ekhaleni ngalinye, njalo ngehora. Akufanele ufafaze ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezingama-80 ngosuku olungu-1.
• Isifutho akufanele sisetshenziswe isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha.
• Isifutho singacasula impumulo, amehlo, nomphimbo. Le miphumela emibi ivame ukuphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.

IMIPHUMELA NEZINGOZI EZIMBILI

Yonke imikhiqizo ye-nicotine ingadala imiphumela emibi. Izimpawu zingenzeka kakhulu uma usebenzisa imithamo ephezulu kakhulu. Ukunciphisa umthamo kungavimbela lezi zimpawu. Imiphumela emibi ifaka:

• Ukuphathwa ikhanda
• I-nausea nezinye izinkinga zokugaya ukudla
• Izinkinga zokulala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala, imvamisa nge-patch. Le nkinga ivame ukudlula.

UKHATHAZEKILE OKHETHEKILE

Ama-Nicotine patches KULUNGILE ukusetshenziswa ngabantu abaningi abanezinkinga ezinzile zenhliziyo noma zokujikeleza kwegazi. Kepha, amazinga we-cholesterol angenampilo (ileveli ephansi ye-HDL) ebangelwa ukubhema ayibangcono kuze kumiswe isichibi se-nicotine.

Ukufakwa esikhundleni seNicotine kungenzeka kungaphephi ngokuphelele kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Izingane ezingakazalwa zabesifazane ezisebenzisa i-patch zingase zishaye ngokushesha kwenhliziyo.

Gcina yonke imikhiqizo ye-nicotine kude nezingane. I-nicotine inobuthi.

• Ukukhathazeka kukhulu ezinganeni ezincane.
• Shayela udokotela noma isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi ngokushesha uma ingane ivezwe kumkhiqizo wokufaka i-nicotine, noma isikhashana.

Ukuyeka ukubhema - ukushintshwa kwe-nicotine; Ukwelapha esikhundleni sogwayi - i-nicotine

UGeorge TP. I-nicotine nogwayi. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 32.

Siu AL; I-US Preventive Services Task Force. Ukungenelela kokuziphatha kanye nokwelashwa ngamakhemisi kokuyeka ukubhema ugwayi kubantu abadala, kubandakanya nabesifazane abakhulelwe: Isitatimende sezincomo se-US Preventive Services Task Force. U-Ann Intern Med. 2015; 163 (8): 622-634. I-PMID: 26389730 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26389730.

Iwebhusayithi ye-US Food and Drug Administration. Ufuna ukuyeka ukubhema? Imikhiqizo evunyelwe yi-FDA ingasiza. www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm198176.htm. Kubuyekezwe uDisemba 11, 2017. Kufinyelelwe ngoFebhuwari 26, 2019.