Imithi yokuyeka ukubhema

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angakunikeza imithi ezokusiza uyeke ukusebenzisa ugwayi. Le mithi ayinayo i-nicotine futhi ayenzi mkhuba. Zisebenza ngendlela ehlukile kunezigaxa ze-nicotine, izinsini, izifutho noma ama-lozenges.

Imithi yokuyeka ukubhema ingasiza:

• Nciphisa ukulangazelela ugwayi.
• Nciphisa izimpawu zokuhoxa.
• Kukugcine ungasebenzisi ugwayi futhi.

Njengezinye izindlela zokwelapha, le mithi isebenza kahle kakhulu uma iyingxenye yohlelo olubandakanya:

• Ukwenza isinqumo esicacile sokuyeka nokusetha usuku lokuyeka.
• Ukwakha uhlelo lokukusiza ukubhekana nezifiso zokubhema.
• Ukuthola ukwesekwa kudokotela, umeluleki, noma iqembu lokusekela.

BUPROPION (Zyban)

IBupropion yiphilisi elinganciphisa ukulangazelela kwakho ugwayi.

I-Bupropion nayo isetshenziselwa abantu abanokudangala. Kuyasiza ngokuyeka ugwayi noma ngabe awunankinga nokudangala. Akucaci ngokuphelele ukuthi i-bupropion isiza kanjani ngokulangazelela ugwayi nokuyeka ugwayi.

I-Bupropion akufanele isetshenziselwe abantu:

• Bangaphansi kweminyaka engu-18
• Bakhulelwe
• Unomlando wezinkinga zokwelashwa ezifana nokuquleka, ukwehluleka kwezinso, ukusebenzisa kakhulu utshwala, ukuphazamiseka kokudla, i-bipolar noma isifo sokudangala, noma ukulimala kabi ekhanda

Ungayithatha kanjani:

• Qala i-bupropion 1 isonto ngaphambi kokuhlela ukuyeka ukubhema. Umgomo wakho ukukuthatha amasonto ayi-7 kuya kwayi-12. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokukuthatha isikhathi eside. Kwabanye abantu, ukuthatha isikhathi eside kusiza ekuvimbeleni ukuqala ukubhema.
• Umthamo ovame kakhulu ithebhulethi engu-150 mg kanye noma kabili ngosuku okungenani ngamahora ayi-8 phakathi komthamo ngamunye. Gwinya lonke iphilisi. UNGAYIHLOVI, uyihlukanise, noma uyichoboze. Ukwenza kanjalo kungadala imiphumela emibi, kufaka phakathi ukuquleka.
• Uma udinga usizo ngezifiso lapho uqala ukuyeka, ungathatha i-bupropion kanye nama-nicotine patches, izinsini noma ama-lozenges. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi ngabe lokhu kulungile kuwe.

Imiphumela emibi yalo muthi ingafaka:

• Umlomo owomile.
• Izinkinga zokulala. Zama ukuthatha umthamo wesibili ntambama uma unale nkinga (thatha okungenani amahora ayi-8 ngemuva komthamo wokuqala).
• Yeka ukuthatha lo muthi ngokushesha uma unezinguquko ekuziphatheni kwakho. Lokhu kufaka phakathi intukuthelo, ukukhathazeka, imizwa ecindezelekile, imicabango yokuzibulala, noma ukuzama ukuzibulala.

I-VARENICLINE (CHANTIX)

IVarenicline (Chantix) isiza ngokulangazelela i-nicotine nezimpawu zokuhoxa. Kusebenza ebuchosheni ukunciphisa imiphumela ebonakalayo ye-nicotine. Lokhu kusho ukuthi noma ngabe uqala ukubhema futhi ngemuva kokuyeka, ngeke uthole injabulo enkulu lapho uthatha lo muthi.

Ungayithatha kanjani:

• Qala ukuthatha lo muthi kusasele isonto elilodwa ngaphambi kokuhlela ukuyeka ugwayi. Noma, ungaqala ukuthatha umuthi, bese ukhetha usuku kungakapheli amasonto ama-4 ukuyeka. Enye indlela ukuqala ukuthatha umuthi, bese uyeka ukubhema kancane kancane emasontweni ayi-12 ezayo.
• Thatha ngemuva kokudla ngengilazi egcwele yamanzi.
• Umhlinzeki wakho uzokutshela ukuthi uwuphuza kanjani lo muthi. Iningi labantu lithatha iphilisi elilodwa le-0.5 mg ngosuku ekuqaleni. Ekupheleni kwesonto lesibili, uzobe uphuza iphilisi le-1 mg kabili ngosuku.
• UNGAHLANGANISI lesi sidakamizwa namachashazi e-nicotine, izinsini, izifutho noma ama-lozenges.
• Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 akufanele zithathe lesi sidakamizwa.

Iningi labantu liyibekezelela kahle i-varenicline. Imiphumela emibi ayivamile, kepha ingafaka okulandelayo uma kwenzeka:

• Ukuphathwa yikhanda, izinkinga zokulala, ukulala namaphupho angajwayelekile.
• Ukuqunjelwa, igesi lamathumbu, isicanucanu, nezinguquko ekunambithekeni.
• Ukucindezeleka, imicabango yokuzibulala nokuzama ukuzibulala. Shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu.

QAPHELA: Ukusetshenziswa kwalo muthi kuxhumene nengozi eyengeziwe yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi.

EMINYE IMITHI

Imithi elandelayo ingasiza uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzi. Izinzuzo azihambisani kangako, ngakho-ke zibhekwa njengokwelashwa komugqa wesibili.

• I-Clonidine ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Kungasiza lapho iqala ngaphambi kokuyeka. Lesi sidakamizwa siza njengephilisi noma isichibi.
• I-Nortriptyline ingenye ye-anti-depressant. Iqala ezinsukwini eziyi-10 kuya kwezingama-28 ngaphambi kokuyeka.

Ukuyeka ukubhema - imithi; Ugwayi ongenantuthu - imithi; Imithi yokumisa ugwayi

UGeorge TP. I-nicotine nogwayi. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 32.

Siu AL; I-US Preventive Services Task Force. Ukungenelela kokuziphatha kanye nokwelashwa ngamakhemisi kokuyeka ukubhema ugwayi kubantu abadala, kubandakanya nabesifazane abakhulelwe: Isitatimende sezincomo se-US Preventive Services Task Force. U-Ann Intern Med. 2015; 163 (8): 622-634. I-PMID: 26389730 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26389730.

Iwebhusayithi ye-US Food and Drug Administration. Ufuna ukuyeka ukubhema? Imikhiqizo evunyelwe yi-FDA ingasiza. www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm198176.htm. Kubuyekezwe uDisemba 11, 2017. Kufinyelelwe ngoFebhuwari 26, 2019.