Impilo yabesifazane

Impilo yabesifazane ibhekisa egatsheni lezokwelapha eligxile ekwelapheni nasekuxilongweni kwezifo nezimo ezithinta inhlalakahle yowesifazane ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo.

Impilo yabesifazane ifaka izinto eziningi ezahlukahlukene nezindawo okugxilwa kuzo, njenge:

• Ukulawulwa kokuzalwa, izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STIs), kanye nezifo zabesifazane
• Umdlavuza webele, umdlavuza wesibeletho, neminye imidlavuza yabesifazane
• Isimame
• Ukwelashwa kokuya esikhathini kanye nokwelashwa kwama-hormone
• I-osteoporosis
• Ukukhulelwa nokubeletha
• Impilo yezocansi
• Abesifazane nesifo senhliziyo
• Izimo zeBenign ezithinta ukusebenza kwezitho zokuzala zabesifazane

UKUNAKEKELWA KOKUVIMBELA NOKUGCOLA

Ukunakekelwa kokuvimbela abesifazane kufaka phakathi izinsizakalo ezilandelayo:

• Ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwabesifazane, kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kwe-pelvic nokuhlolwa kwebele
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap smear ne-HPV
• Ukuhlolwa kwesisindo samathambo
• Ukuhlolwa umdlavuza webele
• Izingxoxo mayelana nokuhlolwa komdlavuza wekoloni
• Ukugoma okufanele iminyaka
• Ukuhlolwa kobungozi bokuphila ngendlela enempilo
• Ukuhlolwa kwehormonal kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini
• Ukugoma
• Ukuhlolelwa izifo ezithathelana ngokocansi

Imiyalo yokuzihlola amabele nayo ingafakwa.

IMISEBENZI YOKUNAKEKELA IBELE

Izinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kwebele zifaka phakathi ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa komdlavuza webele, okungabandakanya:

• Ukuxilongwa kwesifuba
• Iskena seBrain MRI
• I-ultrasound yamabele
• Ukuhlolwa nokwelulekwa ngofuzo kwabesifazane abanomndeni noma umlando womuntu siqu womdlavuza webele
• Ukwelashwa kweHormonal, ukwelashwa ngemisebe, kanye nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
• Isimame
• I-Mastectomy nokwakhiwa kabusha kwesifuba

Ithimba lezinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kwamabele lingahlola futhi liphathe izimo zesifuba ezinganomdlavuza, kufaka phakathi:

• Izigaxa zesifuba seBenign
• I-Lymphedema, isimo lapho uketshezi oluningi luqoqa khona izicubu futhi lubangele ukuvuvukala

IZINKONZO ZEMPILO YOBULILI

Impilo yakho yezocansi yingxenye ebalulekile yenhlalakahle yakho yonke. Izinsizakalo zezempilo zabesifazane zingafaka:

• Ukulawulwa kokuzalwa (izinto zokuvimbela inzalo)
• Ukuvimbela, ukuxilonga, kanye nokwelashwa kwezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi
• Izindlela zokwelashwa ezisiza ngezinkinga zomsebenzi wezocansi

I-GYNECOLOGY NEZENZO ZEMPILO YOKUZALA

I-Gynecology kanye nezinsizakalo zezempilo zokuzala zingafaka ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwezimo nezifo ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi:

• I-Pap smears engajwayelekile
• Ubukhona be-HPV enobungozi obukhulu
• Ukopha okungavamile kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane
• I-bacterial vaginosis
• I-Endometriosis
• Imijikelezo esindayo yokuya esikhathini
• Imijikelezo yokuya esikhathini engajwayelekile
• Okunye ukutheleleka esithweni sangasese
• Ama-cysts ama-ovari
• Isifo sokuvuvukala kwepelvic (PID)
• Ubuhlungu be-pelvic
• I-Polycystic ovary syndrome (i-PCOS)
• I-Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) kanye ne-premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
• Izindlala zesibeletho
• Ukuqubuka kwesibeletho nokwesitho sangasese sowesifazane
• Ukutheleleka kwemvubelo yesitho sangasese sowesifazane
• Izimo ezahlukahlukene ezithinta isitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye nesitho sangasese sowesifazane

IZINKONZO ZOKUKHULELWA NEZENGANE

Ukunakekelwa njalo ngaphambi kokubeletha kuyingxenye ebalulekile kukho konke ukukhulelwa. Izinsizakalo zokukhulelwa nokubeletha zifaka:

• Ukuhlela nokulungiselela ukukhulelwa, kufaka phakathi ulwazi olumayelana nokudla okufanele, amavithamini angaphambi kokubeletha, kanye nokubuyekezwa kwezimo zezokwelapha esezikhona kanye nemithi esetshenzisiwe
• Ukunakekelwa ngaphambi kokubeletha, ukulethwa, kanye nokunakekelwa kwangemva kokubeletha
• Ukunakekelwa kokukhulelwa okuyingozi kakhulu (umuthi womama abakhulelwe)
• Ukuncelisa nokuncelisa

IZINSIZAKALO ZOKUNGALIMBI

Ochwepheshe benzalo bayingxenye ebalulekile yethimba lezinsizakalo zezempilo labesifazane. Izinsizakalo zokuzala zingabandakanya:

• Ukuhlolwa ukuthola imbangela yokungazali (imbangela ingahle ingatholakali njalo)
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nemifanekiso ukuqapha ukukhiqizwa kwe-ovulation
• Imithi yokwelashwa
• Ukwelulekwa ngemibhangqwana ebhekene nokungazali noma ukulahlekelwa ngumntwana

Izinhlobo zokwelashwa kokuzala okungenziwa zingabandakanya:

• Imithi yokuvuselela i-ovulation
• Ukukhulelwa kwesisu
• In vitro fertilization (IVF)
• Intracytoplasmic injection sperm (ICSI) - Ukujova isidoda esisodwa ngqo eqandeni
• Ukukhishwa kombungu: Ukuqanda imibungu ukuze isetshenziswe kamuva
• Umnikelo weqanda
• Isidoda Banking

IMISEBENZI YOKUNAKEKELA IBlackder

Ithimba lezinsizakalo zezempilo labesifazane lingasiza futhi ukuxilonga nokwelapha izimo ezihlobene nesinye. Izimo ezihlobene nesinye ezingathinta abesifazane zingabandakanya:

• Ukuphazamiseka kokuqeda isinye
• Ukungasebenzi komchamo nesinye esisebenza ngokweqile
• I-cystitis yangaphakathi
• Ukwehla kwesinye

Uma unesimo sesinye, onguchwepheshe bezempilo besifazane bakho angancoma ukuthi wenze izivivinyo zeKegel ukuqinisa imisipha esitezi sakho sangasese.

EZINYE IZINKONZO ZEMPILO YABESIFAZANE

• Ukuhlinzwa kwezimonyo nokunakekelwa kwesikhumba, kufaka phakathi umdlavuza wesikhumba
• Izinsizakalo zokudla nezokudla
• Ukunakekelwa ngokwengqondo nokwelulekwa kwabesifazane ababhekene nokuhlukunyezwa noma ukuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi
• Izinsizakalo zokuphazamiseka kokulala
• Ukuyeka ukubhema

IMITHI NEZINHLELO

Amalungu ethimba lezinsizakalo zezempilo labesifazane enza izindlela zokwelapha nezinqubo ezahlukahlukene. Phakathi kwezinto ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• Isigaba se-Cesarean (isigaba se-C)
• Ukukhishwa kwe-Endometrial
• I-Endometrial biopsy
• D&C
• I-Hysterectomy
• I-Hysteroscopy
• I-Mastectomy nokwakhiwa kabusha kwesifuba
• I-laparoscopy yomzimba
• Izinqubo zokwelapha izinguquko zomlomo wesibeletho (LEEP, Cone biopsy)
• Izinqubo zokwelapha ukungasebenzi kahle komchamo
• Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Tubal nokuguqulwa kokuvala inzalo
• Ukuhlanganiswa komthambo wesibeletho

UBANI OKUNAKEKELAYO

Ithimba lezinsizakalo zezempilo labesifazane lifaka odokotela nabahlinzeki bezempilo abavela emikhakheni ehlukene. Ithimba lingafaka:

• Obstetrician / gynecologist (ob / gyn) - Udokotela othole ukuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe ekwelapheni ukukhulelwa, izinkinga zezitho zokuzala, nezinye izindaba zezempilo zabesifazane.
• Odokotela abahlinzayo abajwayelekile abasebenza ngokunakekela amabele.
• I-Perinatologist - i-ob / gyn ethole ukuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo futhi igxile ekunakekeleni ukukhulelwa okuyingozi kakhulu.
• I-Radiologist - Odokotela abathole ukuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe nokuchazwa kwemifanekiso ehlukahlukene kanye nokwenza izinqubo ezihlukile besebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-imaging ukuphatha izifo ezifana ne-uterine fibroids.
• Umsizi wodokotela (PA).
• Udokotela wokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo.
• Umsebenzi wabahlengikazi (NP).
• Ababelethisi abangabahlengikazi.

Lolu hlu kungenzeka lungabandakanyi konke.

I-Freund KM. Indlela yezempilo yabesifazane. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 224.

IHuppe AI, Teal CB, iBrem RF. Umhlahlandlela osebenzayo kadokotela wokucabanga amabele. Ku: UCameron AM, uCameron JL, ama-eds. Ukwelashwa Kwamanje. Umhlaka 13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: 712-718.

Lobo RA. Ukungabi nenzalo: i-etiology, ukuhlolwa kokuxilongwa, ukuphathwa, ukubikezelwa. Ku: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, eds. I-Gynecology ephelele. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 42.

UMendiratta V, Lentz GM. Umlando, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, nokunakekelwa kwempilo okuvimbelayo. Ku: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, eds. I-Gynecology ephelele. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 7.