Umuthi Wokugomela Umkhuhlane (Umkhuhlane) (Live, Intranasal): Okudingeka Ukwazi

Konke okuqukethwe ngezansi kuthathwe ngokuphelele kwi-CDC Influenza Live, Intranasal Flu Vaccine Information Statement (VIS): www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/vis-statements/flulive.html.

Imininingwane yokubuyekezwa kweCDC ye-Live, Intranasal Influenza VIS:

• Isitatimende Sokulawulwa Komkhuhlane Ikhasi Lokugcina Libuyekezwe: Agasti 15, 2019
• Ikhasi ligcine ukubuyekezwa: Agasti 15, 2019
• Usuku lokukhishwa kwe-VIS: Agasti 15, 2019

1. Kungani ugonywa?

Umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane kungavimbela umkhuhlane (umkhuhlane).

Umkhuhlane yisifo esithathelwanayo esisakazeka e-United States minyaka yonke, imvamisa phakathi kuka-Okthoba noMeyi. Noma ngubani angawuthola umkhuhlane, kodwa kuyingozi kakhulu kwabanye abantu. Izinsana nezingane ezincane, abantu abaneminyaka engama-65 ubudala nangaphezulu, abesifazane abakhulelwe, nabantu abanezimo ezithile zezempilo noma amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka basengozini enkulu yokuba nezinkinga zomkhuhlane.

I-pneumonia, i-bronchitis, ukutheleleka kwe-sinus nokutheleleka ezindlebeni kuyizibonelo zezinkinga ezihlobene nomkhuhlane. Uma unesimo sempilo, njengesifo senhliziyo, umdlavuza noma isifo sikashukela, umkhuhlane ungakwenza kubi kakhulu.

Umkhuhlane ungadala ukushisa komzimba nokugodola, umphimbo obuhlungu, ubuhlungu bemisipha, ukukhathala, ukukhwehlela, ikhanda elibuhlungu kanye nekhala eligobayo noma eligcwele. Abanye abantu bangaba nokuhlanza nokuhuda, kepha lokhu kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni kunabantu abadala.

Unyaka ngamunye, izinkulungwane zabantu e-United States zibulawa ngumkhuhlane, futhi abaningi abengeziwe balaliswe esibhedlela. Umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane uvimbela izigidi zezifo nokuvakashelwa okuhlobene nomkhuhlane kudokotela unyaka nonyaka.

2. Umuthi wokugoma womkhuhlane obukhoma, osencishisiwe.

I-CDC incoma ukuthi wonke umuntu onezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala nangaphezulu agonywe njalo isikhathi somkhuhlane. Izingane izinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kwengu-8 ubudala kungadinga imithamo emi-2 ngenkathi eyodwa yomkhuhlane. Wonke umuntu idinga umthamo owodwa kuphela isizini ngayinye yomkhuhlane.

Umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane ophilayo, obizwa ngokuthi yi-LAIV) umuthi wokugoma ngamakhala onganikezwa abantu abangakhulelwe 2 kuya eminyakeni engama-49 ubudala.

Kuthatha cishe amasonto amabili ukuvikela ukukhula ngemuva kokugoma.

Kunamagciwane amaningi omkhuhlane, futhi ahlala eshintsha. Unyaka nonyaka, kwenziwa umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane omusha ukuvikela amagciwane amathathu noma amane okungenzeka ukuthi abanga izifo esikhathini esizayo somkhuhlane. Noma umuthi wokugoma ungahambisani ncamashi nala magciwane, usenganikeza ukuvikelwa okuthile.

Umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane ayibangeli umkhuhlane.

Umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane unganikezwa ngasikhathi sinye neminye imigomo.

3. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.

Tshela umhlinzeki wakho wokugoma uma umuntu ethola umuthi wokugoma:

• Ingabe ngaphansi kweminyaka emibili noma ngaphezulu kuneminyaka engama-49 yobudala.
• Ingabe ukhulelwe.
• Uye waba ne- ukusabela okweqile ngemuva komthamo wangaphambilini wokugoma umkhuhlane, noma unayo ukungezwani komzimba okunamandla, okusongela impilo.
• Ingabe i- ingane noma eyeve eshumini nambili eneminyaka engu-17 ubudala ethola ama-aspirin noma imikhiqizo equkethe ama-aspirin.
• Ine- amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka.
• Ingabe i- ingane eneminyaka engu-2 kuya kwengu-4 ubudala enesifuba somoya noma umlando wokuphefumula ezinyangeni eziyi-12 ezedlule.
• Unayo uphuze imishanguzo yokulwa namagciwane emahoreni angama-48 edlule.
• Uyabakhathalela abantu abangagomekile kakhulu abadinga indawo evikelekile.
• Ingabe Uneminyaka engu-5 noma ngaphezulu futhi unesifo somoya.
• Inenye i- izimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo lokho kungabeka abantu engcupheni ephezulu yezinkinga zomkhuhlane ezinzima (njenge-lisifo se-ung, isifo senhliziyo, isifo sezinso, ukuphazamiseka kwezinso noma kwesibindi, ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa noma kwe-neuromuscular noma kwe-metabolic).
• Kuye kwadingeka I-Guillain-Barré Syndrome kungakapheli amasonto ayisithupha ngemuva komthamo wangaphambilini womuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane.

Kwezinye izimo, umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo anganquma ukuhlehlisa ukugomela umkhuhlane ekuhambeleni okuzayo.

Kwezinye iziguli, uhlobo oluhlukile lomuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane (umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane ongasebenzi noma owakhiwe kabusha) lungalunga ukwedlula umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane ophilayo.

Abantu abanezifo ezincane, njengomkhuhlane, bangagonywa. Abantu abagula ngokulingene noma kakhulu kufanele bavame ukulinda baze balulame ngaphambi kokuthola umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angakunika eminye imininingwane.

4. Izingozi zokuphendula komuthi wokugoma.

• Iphunga eligijimayo noma isiminyaminya samakhala, isifuba nekhanda kungenzeka ngemuva kwe-LAIV.
• Ukuhlanza, ubuhlungu bemisipha, umkhuhlane, umphimbo obuhlungu nokukhwehlela kungeminye yemiphumela emibi engaba khona.

Uma lezi zinkinga zenzeka, zivame ukuqala ngokushesha ngemuva kokugoma futhi ziphila isikhathi esifushane.

Njenganoma imuphi umuthi, kunethuba elikude kakhulu lomuthi wokugoma obangela ukusabela okweqile, okunye ukulimala okubi, noma ukufa.

5. Kuthiwani uma kunenkinga enkulu?

Ukungezwani komzimba kungenzeka ngemuva kokuthi umuntu ogonyiwe ashiye umtholampilo. Uma ubona izimpawu zokuphendula okweqile (isifuba, ukuvuvukala kobuso nomphimbo, ukuphefumula kanzima, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, isiyezi, noma ubuthakathaka), shayela 9-1-1 bese uyisa umuntu esibhedlela esiseduze.

Ngezinye izimpawu ezikukhathazayo, shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.

Ukusabela okungekuhle kufanele kubikwe ku-Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS). Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uvame ukufaka lo mbiko, noma ungazenzela ngokwakho. Vakashela iwebhusayithi ye-VAERS ku-www.vaers.hhs.gov noma ushayele ucingo 1-800-822-7967. I-VAERS ingeyokubika kuphela ukusabela, futhi abasebenzi be-VAERS abanikeli izeluleko ngezokwelapha.

6. Uhlelo Lukazwelonke Lwemali Yokugomela Umjovo Wokugomela.

Uhlelo lweNational Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP) luhlelo oludalelwe ukunxephezela abantu okungenzeka balinyazwe yimithi ethile yokugoma. Vakashela iwebhusayithi ye-VICP ku-www.hrsa.gov/vaccine-compensation/index.html noma ushayele 1-800-338-2382 ukufunda ngalolu hlelo nangokufaka isicelo sesimangalo. Kunomkhawulo wesikhathi sokufaka isicelo sesinxephezelo.

7. Ngingafunda kanjani okwengeziwe?

• Buza umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.
• Shayela umnyango wezempilo wangakini noma wesifundazwe.

Xhumana Nezikhungo Zokulawulwa Nokuvimbelwa Kwezifo (CDC):

• Shayela 1-800-232-4636 (1-800-CDC-INFO) noma
• Vakashela iwebhusayithi yomkhuhlane we-CDC ku-www.cdc.gov/flu

• Umkhuhlane
• Imigomo

Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Nokuvimbelwa Kwezifo iwebhusayithi. Umkhuhlane obukhoma, we-intranasal VIS. www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/vis-statement/flulive.html. Kubuyekezwe u-Agasti 15, 2019. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Agasti 23, 2019.