Yini Eshintshile Kuzinkombandlela Zokudla zika-2020-2025 zabantu baseMelika?

-Delile

• Izinguquko Ezinkulu Kunazo Zonke Izinkombandlela Zokudla Zika-2020
• Izincomo Ezine Eziyinhloko
• Yenza Konke Ukuluma Kubalwe
• Khetha Iphethini Yakho Yokudla Yomuntu Ngamunye
• Buyekeza kwe-

UMnyango Wezolimo wase-US (USDA) kanye noMnyango Wezempilo kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu e-US (HHS) ngokuhlanganyela bakhiphe isethi yemihlahlandlela yokudla njalo eminyakeni emihlanu kusukela ngo-1980. Kususelwa ebufakazini besayensi bokudla okukhuthaza ezempilo kubantu baseMelika jikelele banempilo, labo abasengozini yezifo ezihlobene nokudla (njengesifo senhliziyo, umdlavuza nokukhuluphala), nalabo abaphila nalezi zifo.

Imihlahlandlela yokudla ka-2020-2025 isanda kukhishwa ngoDisemba 28, 2020 ngezinye izinguquko ezinkulu, kufaka phakathi nezici zokudla okunempilo ezingakaze zikhulunywe ngaphambili. Nakhu ezinye zezinguquko ezinkulu nezibuyekezo kuzincomo zakamuva zokudla - kufaka phakathi okuhlale kufana nokuthi kungani.

Izinguquko Ezinkulu Kunazo Zonke Izinkombandlela Zokudla Zika-2020

Ngokokuqala ngqa kweminyaka engama-40, imihlahlandlela yokudla inikeza ukuholwa kokudla kuzo zonke izigaba zempilo kusukela ekuzalweni kuye ekubeni umuntu omdala, kubandakanya ukukhulelwa kanye nokuncelisa ibele. Manje ungathola imihlahlandlela kanye nezidingo ezithile zezingane ezisacathula ezineminyaka engu-0 kuye kwezingu-24, okuhlanganisa ubude besikhathi esinconyiwe sokuncelisa ibele kuphela (ubuncane bezinyanga ezingu-6), ukuthi kufanele wethule nini okuqinile nokuthi yiziphi izinto eziqinile okumelwe wethulwe, kanye nezincomo zokwethula amantongomane. -kuqukethe ukudla ezinganeni ezisengozini enkulu yokungezwani kwamakinati phakathi kwezinyanga ezi-4 kuye kwezi-6. Le mihlahlandlela iphinde income imisoco kanye nokudla okufanele ukudle abesifazane ngesikhathi bekhulelwe futhi bencelisa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zomsoco zabo bobabili nengane yabo. Sekukonke, kunokugcizelelwa kokuthi akukaze kusheshe kakhulu, noma kwephuze kakhulu, ukudla kahle.

Izilinganiso zokudla okunempilo, kepha-ke, ziye zahlala zilingana kuzo zonke izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene zale mihlahlandlela - futhi lokho kungenxa yokuthi imigomo yokudla enempilo eyisisekelo, engenakuphikwa (kufaka phakathi ukukhuthaza ukudla okunomsoco nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwezakhi ezithile ezixhunyaniswe nezifo kanye nokubi imiphumela yezempilo) isemi ngemuva kocwaningo amashumi eminyaka.

Izincomo Ezine Eziyinhloko

Kunezakhi zomzimba ezine noma ukudla abantu abaningi baseMelika abakuthola kakhulu: ushukela ongeziwe, amafutha agcwele, i-sodium, neziphuzo ezidakayo. Imikhawulo ethize ngayinye ngokusho kweMihlahlandlela Yezokudla ka-2020-2025 imi ngokulandelayo:

• Nciphisa ushukela ongeziwe ibe ngaphansi kwamaphesenti ayi-10 wamakhalori ngosuku kunoma ngubani oneminyaka yobudala emi-2 nangaphezulu futhi uvikele ushukela ongeziwe ngokuphelele wezinsana nezinsana.
• Nciphisa amafutha agcwele ibe ngaphansi kwamaphesenti ayi-10 wamakhalori ngosuku kusuka eminyakeni emibili yobudala. (Okuhlobene: Umhlahlandlela Wamafutha Ahle Namahle)
• Nciphisa i-sodium kuze kube ngaphansi kwama-milligram angama-2 300 ngosuku kusukela eminyakeni yobudala engu-2. Lokho kulingana nethisipuni elilodwa likasawoti.
• Nciphisa uphuzo oludakayo, uma iphuziwe, iziphuzo ezi-2 ngosuku noma ngaphansi kwabesilisa nesiphuzo esingu-1 ngosuku noma ngaphansi kwabesifazane. Ingxenye eyodwa yesiphuzo ichazwa njengama-ounces ama-5 ewayini, ama-ounces ayi-12 kabhiya, noma ama-ounces ayi-1.5 oketshezi olunobufakazi obungu-80 njenge-vodka noma i-rum.

Ngaphambi kokukhishwa kwalesi sibuyekezo, bekukhulunywa ngokuqhubeka nokunciphisa izincomo zoshukela owengeziwe neziphuzo ezidakayo. Ngaphambi kwanoma yisiphi isichibiyelo, ikomiti lochwepheshe abahlukahlukene bokudla nezokwelapha libuyekeza ucwaningo lwamanje kanye nobufakazi bokudla okunempilo nempilo (lisebenzisa ukuhlaziywa kwedatha, ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile, nokumodela iphethini yokudla) bese likhipha umbiko. (Kulokhu, Umbiko Wesayensi Wekomidi Lokweluleka Ngemihlahlandlela Yezokudla lango-2020.) Lo mbiko usebenza njengohlobo lwezincomo eziningi zochwepheshe, ohlinzeka ngeseluleko esizimele, esisekelwe kwisayensi kuhulumeni njengoba usiza ekuthuthukiseni uhlelo olulandelayo lwezinkombandlela.

Umbiko wakamuva wekomidi, okhishwe ngoJulayi 2020, wenze izincomo zokunciphisa ushukela ongeziwe kumaphesenti ayi-6 wama-calories aphelele nokusika umkhawulo omkhulu weziphuzo ezidakayo zamadoda ezifinyelela ku-1 ngosuku; kodwa-ke, ubufakazi obusha obubuyekezwe kusukela kushicilelo luka-2015-2020 abuzange bube namandla ngokwanele ukuxhasa ushintsho kule mihlahlandlela ethile. Njengoba kunje, imihlahlandlela emine ebalwe ngenhla iyefana naleyo ebekufanele yenziwe imihlahlandlela yangaphambilini yokudla eyakhishwa ngo-2015. Kodwa-ke, abaseMelika abasazifezi lezi zincomo ezingenhla kanti ucwaningo luxhumanise ukusetshenziswa kophuzo oludakayo ngokweqile, ushukela ongeziwe, i-sodium, namafutha agcwele imiphumela ehlukahlukene yezempilo, kuhlanganise nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, isifo senhliziyo, ukukhuluphala, nomdlavuza, ngokocwaningo.

Yenza Konke Ukuluma Kubalwe

Imihlahlandlela yakamuva ibuye yafaka ukubizelwa esenzweni: "Yenza Njalo Ukubalwa Kubalwe Ngemihlahlandlela Yezokudla." Inhloso ukukhuthaza abantu ukuthi bagxile ekukhetheni ukudla okunempilo neziphuzo ezinomsoco, kuyilapho behlala ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo yabo yekhalori. Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi bathole ukuthi isilinganiso saseMelika sithola amaphuzu angama-59 kwangu-100 ku-Healthy Eating Index (HEI), ekala ukuthi ukudla kuhambisana kanjani nezinkombandlela zokudla, okusho ukuthi akuhambisani kahle nalezi zincomo. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izinga eliphezulu le-HEI onalo, nethuba elingcono lokuthuthukisa impilo yakho.

Yingakho ukwenza ukudla neziphuzo ukukhetha okunothile ngomsoco kufanele kube ukukhetha kwakho kokuqala, futhi ukuguqula isimo sengqondo "ekususeni ukudla okungalungile" kuye "kufaka nokudla okunomsoco omningi" kungasiza abantu ukuthi benze lolu shintsho. Imihlahlandlela yokudla incoma ukuthi amaphesenti angama-85 ama-khalori owadlayo usuku ngalunye kufanele aqhamuke ekudleni okunothile okunomsoco, kuyilapho kuphela inani elincane lama-khalori (cishe amaphesenti ayi-15), ashiyelwa ushukela ongeziwe, amafutha agcwele, futhi, (uma kudliwe) utshwala. (Okuhlobene: Ingabe I-80/20 Rule Yizinga Legolide Lebhalansi Yokudla?)

Khetha Iphethini Yakho Yokudla Yomuntu Ngamunye

Iziqondiso zokudla azigxili ekudleni okukodwa ukuthi "kuhle" kanti okunye "kubi." Futhi ayigxili ekutheni ungakusebenzisa kanjani ukudla okukodwa noma usuku olulodwa ngesikhathi; kunalokho, kumayelana nokuthi ukuhlanganisa kanjani ukudla neziphuzo kuyo yonke impilo yakho njengephethini eqhubekayo ekhonjiswe ucwaningo inethonya elikhulu empilweni yakho.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuthandwa nguwe, imvelaphi yamasiko, kanye nesabelomali konke kudlala indima ekutheni ukhetha ukudla kanjani. Imihlahlandlela yezokudla incoma ngamabomu amaqembu okudla - hhayi ukudla okukhethekile neziphuzo - ukugwema ukuba yimiyalelo. Lolu hlaka lwenza abantu bakwazi ukwenza imihlahlandlela yezokudla ibe ngeyabo ngokukhetha ukudla, iziphuzo, nokudla okulula ukuze bahlangabezane nezidingo zabo kanye nezinto abazithandayo.

Buyekeza kwe-