Phenytoin

-Delile

• Ngaphambi kokuthatha i-phenytoin,
• I-Phenytoin ingadala ukwanda kushukela wegazi lakho. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezimpawu zeshukela ephezulu yegazi nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu.
• I-Phenytoin ingadala imiphumela emibi. Tshela udokotela wakho uma kukhona kulezi zimpawu ezinzima noma ezingapheli:
• Eminye imiphumela emibi ingaba mibi. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi kulezi zimpawu ezilandelayo noma lezo ezibalwe esigabeni SOKUQAPHA OKUKHETHEKILE, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha :.
• Eminye imiphumela emibi ingaba mibi. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi kulezi zimpawu ezilandelayo, yeka ukuthatha i-phenytoin bese ushayela udokotela wakho:
• Izimpawu zokudlula ngokweqile zingafaka okulandelayo:

I-Phenytoin isetshenziselwa ukulawula uhlobo oluthile lokuquleka, nokwelapha nokuvimbela ukuquleka okungase kuqale ngesikhathi noma ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ebuchosheni noma ohlelweni lwezinzwa. I-Phenytoin isekilasini lemithi ebizwa ngama-anticonvulsants. Isebenza ngokunciphisa umsebenzi kagesi ongajwayelekile ebuchosheni.

I-Phenytoin iza njenge-capsule ekhishwe isikhathi eside (esebenza isikhathi eside), ithebhulethi ehlafunwayo, nokumiswa (uketshezi) okuzothathwa ngomlomo. Ithebhulethi nokuhlafunwa okuhlafunwayo kuvame ukuthathwa kabili noma kathathu ngosuku. Ama-capsule akhululwa enwetshiwe ngokuvamile athathwa kanye kuya kane ngosuku. Thatha i-phenytoin cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo (ama) nsuku zonke. Landela izinkomba ezikulebuli kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela, bese ubuza udokotela noma usokhemisi wakho ukuthi akuchaze nganoma iyiphi ingxenye ongayiqondi. Thatha i-phenytoin njengoba iqondisiwe. Ungayithathi kancane noma uyithathe kaningi kunokuyalelwa ngudokotela wakho.

Udokotela wakho uzokuqala ngomthamo ophansi we-phenytoin futhi akhuphule kancane umthamo wakho, hhayi kaningi ngaphezu kwesisodwa njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-7 kuye kwezingu-10.

Imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ye-phenytoin imuncwa ngumzimba ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene futhi ayinakufakwa esikhundleni somunye. Uma udinga ukushintsha usuka komunye umkhiqizo we-phenytoin uye komunye, udokotela wakho angadinga ukulungisa umthamo wakho. Ngaso sonke isikhathi uma uthola umuthi wakho, hlola ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi uwutholile yini umkhiqizo we-phenytoin obubekelwe wona. Buza usokhemisi wakho uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi uthole umuthi ofanele.

Nyakazisa uketshezi kahle ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ngakunye ukuxuba umuthi ngokulinganayo. Sebenzisa ithuluzi lokulinganisa elifanele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola inani elifanele lemithi. Buza udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi uma unemibuzo mayelana nokuthi ulinganisa kanjani umthamo wakho.

Gwinya wonke amaphilisi akhishwe isikhathi eside; ungawahlukanisi, ungawahlafune noma uwagxoze. Ungathathi amaphilisi akhanyayo.

Ungawahlafuna kahle amaphilisi angahlafunwa ngaphambi kokuwagwinya, noma ungawagwinya ephelele ngaphandle kokuhlafuna.

Uma uthola ifomula noma izithako ngokusebenzisa ithubhu yokondla, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi kufanele uthathe nini i-phenytoin. Uzodinga ukuvumela isikhathi esithile phakathi kokuthola okuphakelayo nokuthatha i-phenytoin.

IPhenytoin ingasiza ukulawula isimo sakho kepha ngeke iselaphe. Qhubeka uthathe i-phenytoin noma ngabe uzizwa uphilile. Ungayeki ukuthatha i-phenytoin ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho, noma ngabe uba nemiphumela engemihle njengokushintsha okungajwayelekile kokuziphatha noma kwemizwelo. Uma ngokungazelelwe uyeka ukuthatha i-phenytoin, ukuquleka kwakho kungahle kube kubi. Udokotela wakho mhlawumbe uzokwehlisa umthamo wakho kancane kancane.

IPhenytoin nayo isetshenziselwa ukulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezingozi zokusebenzisa lo muthi ngesimo sakho.

Lo muthi ungabekelwa okunye ukusetshenziswa; buza udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ukuthola eminye imininingwane.

Ngaphambi kokuthatha i-phenytoin,

• Tshela udokotela wakho kanye nosokhemisi uma unegciwane ku-phenytoin, eminye imithi ye-hydantoin efana ne-ethotoin (Peganone) noma i-fosphenytoin (i-Cerebyx), noma imiphi eminye imithi, noma iziphi izithako ze-phenytoin. Buza usokhemisi wakho ukuthola uhlu lwezithako.
• Tshela udokotela wakho uma uthatha i-delavirdine (Rescriptor). Udokotela wakho mhlawumbe uzokutshela ukuthi ungathathi i-phenytoin uma uthatha lo muthi.
• Tshela udokotela wakho kanye nosokhemisi ukuthi imiphi imishanguzo kadokotela neyokungabhalisi, amavithamini, izithako zokudla okunempilo, nemikhiqizo yamakhambi oyithathayo noma ohlela ukuyithatha. Qiniseka ukuthi usho noma yikuphi okulandelayo: i-albendazole (i-Albenza); i-amiodarone (i-Nexterone, i-Pacerone); ama-anticoagulants (’ama-thinner egazi’) njenge-warfarin (i-Coumadin, i-Jantoven); imishanguzo yokulwa nobuthi efana ne-fluconazole (i-Diflucan), i-ketoconazole (i-Nizoral), i-itraconazole (i-Onmel, i-Sporanox, i-Tolsura), i-miconazole (i-Oravig), i-posaconazole (i-Noxafil), ne-voriconazole (i-Vfend); imishanguzo ethile efana ne-efavirenz (Sustiva, e-Atripla), indinavir (Crixivan), lopinavir (e-Kaletra), i-nelfinavir (i-Viracept), i-ritonavir (i-Norvir, e-Kaletra), ne-saquinavir (i-Invirase); i-bleomycin; i-capecitabine (Xeloda); i-carboplatin; i-chloramphenicol; i-chlordiazepoxide (iLibrium, eLibrax); imithi ye-cholesterol efana ne-atorvastatin (Lipitor, eCaduet), i-fluvastatin (Lescol), ne-simvastatin (iZocor, eVytorin); i-cisplatin; i-clozapine (iFazaclo, iVersacloz); i-cyclosporine (Gengraf, Neoral, Sandimmune); diazepam (Valium); diazoxide (Proglycem); i-digoxin (i-Lanoxin); i-disopyramide (iNorpace); i-disulfiram (i-Antabuse); i-doxorubicin (Doxil); doxycycline (Acticlate, Doryx, Monodox, Oracea, Vibramycin); i-fluorouracil; i-fluoxetine (i-Prozac, i-Sarafem, ku-Symbyax, abanye); i-fluvoxamine (i-Luvox); i-folic acid; i-fosamprenavir (Lexiva); i-furosemide (i-Lasix); H₂ abaphikisana nabo njenge-cimetidine (Tagamet), i-famotidine (i-Pepcid), i-nizatidine (i-Axid), ne-ranitidine (i-Zantac); izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo zamahomoni (amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha, amabala, izindandatho, noma imijovo); ukwelashwa kwe-hormone replacement (HRT); i-irinotecan (iCamptosar); i-isoniazid (iLaniazid, eRifamate, eRifater); imithi yokugula ngengqondo kanye nesicanucanu; eminye imithi yokwelashwa okufana ne-carbamazepine (Carbatrol, Equetro, Tegretol, abanye), ethosuximide (Zarontin), felbamate (Felbatol), lamotrigine (Lamictal), methsuximide (Celontin), oxcarbazepine (Trilepta, Oxtellar XR), phenobate XR), phenobate ), kanye ne-valproic acid (Depakene); i-methadone (i-Dolophine, i-Methadose); i-methotrexate (i-Otrexup, i-Rasuvo, i-Trexall, i-Xatmep); i-methylphenidate (Daytrana, Concerta, Metadate, Ritalin); i-mexiletine; i-nifedipine (i-Adalat, i-Procardia), i-nimodipine (i-Nymalize), i-nisoldipine (i-Sular); omeprazole (Prilosec); i-steroids yomlomo efana ne-dexamethasone, i-methylprednisolone (i-Medrol), i-prednisolone, ne-prednisone (i-Rayos); i-paclitaxel (i-Abraxane, i-Taxol); i-paroxetine (Paxil, Pexeva); i-praziquantel (i-Biltricide); i-quetiapine (iSeroquel); i-quinidine (ku-Nuedexta); qamba kabusha; i-rifampin (iRifadin, iRimactane, eRifamate, eRifater); ubuhlungu be-salicylate buqeda njenge-aspirin, i-choline magnesium trisalicylate, i-choline salicylate, i-diflunisal, i-magnesium salicylate (i-Doan's, abanye), ne-salsalate; i-sertraline (iZoloft); i-sucralfate (iCarafate); i-sulfa antibiotic; i-teniposide; i-theophylline (i-Elixophyllin, i-Theo-24, i-Theochron); i-ticlopidine; tolbutamide; i-trazodone; i-verapamil (Calan, Verelan, eTarka); i-vigabatrin (iSabril); novithamini D. Udokotela wakho angadinga ukushintsha imithamo yemithi yakho noma akuqaphele ngokucophelela ngemiphumela emibi.
• Tshela udokotela wakho uma uthatha ama-antacids aqukethe i-calcium, i-magnesium, noma i-aluminium (Maalox, Mylanta, Tums, nezinye). Udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi uvumele kudlule isikhathi esithile phakathi kokuthatha i-antacid nokuthatha i-phenytoin.
• utshele udokotela wakho ukuthi uthatha miphi imikhiqizo yamakhambi, ikakhulukazi iSt John's wort.
• utshele udokotela wakho ukuthi wake waba nenkinga yesibindi ngenkathi uthatha i-phenytoin. Udokotela wakho mhlawumbe uzokutshela ukuthi ungathathi i-phenytoin futhi.
• utshele udokotela wakho uma uphuza noma wake waphuza utshwala obuningi. Tshela udokotela wakho uma ngabe uhlolwe elabhorethri okubike ukuthi unesici esizuzwe njengefa esenza kube namathuba amaningi okuthi ube nokuphendula okunamandla kwesikhumba ku-phenytoin. Futhi, tshela udokotela wakho uma uke waba nesifo sikashukela noma wake waba naso; i-porphyria (isimo lapho izinto ezithile zemvelo zakha khona emzimbeni futhi zingadala ubuhlungu besisu, izinguquko ekucabangeni noma ekuziphatheni, noma kwezinye izimpawu); i-osteopenia, i-osteomalacia, noma i-osteoporosis (izimo lapho amathambo ethambile khona noma ephuka futhi angahle aphuke kalula); amazinga aphansi e-albumin egazini lakho; noma isifo senhliziyo, sezinso noma sesibindi.
• utshele udokotela wakho uma ukhulelwe, hlela ukukhulelwa, noma uncelisa. Akufanele ukhulelwe ngenkathi uthatha i-phenytoin. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindlela ezisebenzayo zokulawula ukubeletha ongazisebenzisa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwakho. Uma ukhulelwa ngenkathi uthatha i-phenytoin, shayela udokotela wakho. I-Phenytoin ingalimaza umbungu.
• uma uhlinzwa, kufaka phakathi ukuhlinzwa kwamazinyo, tshela udokotela noma udokotela wamazinyo ukuthi uthatha i-phenytoin.
• Kufanele wazi ukuthi lo muthi ungadala isiyezi, ukozela, nezinkinga ngokuxhumana. Ungashayeli imoto noma usebenzise imishini uze wazi ukuthi lo muthi ukuthinta kanjani.
• khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokusetshenziswa okuphephile kotshwala ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi.
• kufanele wazi ukuthi impilo yakho yengqondo ingashintsha ngezindlela ezingalindelekile futhi ungazibulala (ucabanga ngokuzilimaza noma ukuzibulala noma ukuhlela noma ukuzama ukwenza kanjalo) ngenkathi uthatha i-phenytoin. Inani elincane labantu abadala nezingane ezineminyaka engu-5 nangaphezulu (cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabangu-500) abathathe ama-anticonvulsants afana ne-phenytoin ukwelapha izimo ezahlukahlukene phakathi kwezifundo zokwelashwa baba nokuzibulala ngesikhathi belashwa. Abanye balaba bantu bahlakulela imicabango yokuzibulala nokuziphatha kungakapheli isonto elilodwa beqale ukuthatha umuthi. Kukhona ingozi yokuthi ungathola ushintsho empilweni yakho yengqondo uma uthatha umuthi we-anticonvulsant ofana ne-phenytoin, kepha kungahle kube nengozi yokuthi uzohlangabezana nezinguquko empilweni yakho yengqondo uma isimo sakho singelashwa. Wena nodokotela wakho nizonquma ukuthi izingozi zokuthatha umuthi we-anticonvulsant zinkulu yini kunezingozi zokungawuthathi umuthi. Wena, umndeni wakho, noma umnakekeli wakho kufanele ushayele udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo: ukwethuka; ukuphazamiseka noma ukungahlaliseki; ukucasuka okusha noma okuya kuba kubi, ukukhathazeka, noma ukucindezeleka; ukwenza izinkanuko eziyingozi; ubunzima bokulala noma ukulala; ulaka, intukuthelo, noma ukuziphatha okunodlame; i-mania (i-frenzied, imood ejabule ngokungavamile); ukukhuluma noma ukucabanga ngokufuna ukuzilimaza noma ukuqeda impilo yakho; ukuhoxa kubangani nomndeni; ukukhathazeka ngokufa nokufa; ukuphana ngezinto eziyigugu; noma olunye uguquko olungajwayelekile ekuziphatheni noma emoyeni. Qiniseka ukuthi umndeni wakho noma umnakekeli wakho uyazi ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezingaba zimbi kakhulu ukuze bakwazi ukubiza udokotela uma ungakwazi ukuzifunela ukwelashwa wedwa.
• khuluma nodokotela wakho ngendlela engcono yokunakekela amazinyo akho, izinsini, nomlomo ngenkathi welashwa nge-phenytoin. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi unakekele umlomo wakho kahle ukwehlisa ubungozi bokulimazeka kwezinsini okubangelwa yi-phenytoin.

Ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela wakho akutshele ngenye indlela, qhubeka nokudla okuvamile.

Thatha umthamo ongabanjwanga ngokushesha nje lapho uwukhumbula. Kodwa-ke, uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo olandelayo, weqa umthamo ongabanjwanga bese uqhubeka neshejuli yakho ejwayelekile yokulinganisa. Ungathathi umthamo ophindwe kabili ukwenza okulahlekile.

I-Phenytoin ingadala ukwanda kushukela wegazi lakho. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezimpawu zeshukela ephezulu yegazi nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu.

I-Phenytoin ingadala imiphumela emibi. Tshela udokotela wakho uma kukhona kulezi zimpawu ezinzima noma ezingapheli:

• ubunzima bokulala noma ukulala
• ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungalawuleki
• ukunyakaza komzimba okungajwayelekile
• ukulahleka kokuxhumanisa
• ukudideka
• inkulumo engahambi kahle
• ikhanda
• ushintsho kumqondo wakho wokunambitha
• ukuqunjelwa
• ukukhula kwezinwele okungafuneki
• ukuqina kwezici zobuso
• ukukhuliswa kwezindebe
• ukukhula kwezinsini
• ubuhlungu noma ukusonga kwenduku

Eminye imiphumela emibi ingaba mibi. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi kulezi zimpawu ezilandelayo noma lezo ezibalwe esigabeni SOKUQAPHA OKUKHETHEKILE, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha :.

• izindlala ezivuvukele
• amabhamuza
• isicanucanu
• ukuhlanza
• ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma kwamehlo
• ubuhlungu engxenyeni engenhla kwesokudla yesisu
• ukukhathala ngokweqile
• ukulimaza noma ukopha okungavamile
• amabala amancane abomvu noma ansomi esikhunjeni
• ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
• izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane
• umkhuhlane, umphimbo obuhlungu, ukuqubuka, izilonda zomlomo, noma ukulimazeka okulula, noma ukuvuvukala kobuso
• isiyezi, ukukhathala, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, noma ubuhlungu besifuba
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• isifuba

Eminye imiphumela emibi ingaba mibi. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi kulezi zimpawu ezilandelayo, yeka ukuthatha i-phenytoin bese ushayela udokotela wakho:

• ukuvuvukala kobuso, amehlo, umphimbo, ulimi, noma izindebe
• ubunzima bokugwinya noma ukuphefumula

I-Phenytoin ingadala eminye imiphumela emibi. Shayela udokotela wakho uma unezinkinga ezingavamile ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi.

Uma uthola imiphumela emibi kakhulu, wena noma udokotela wakho ungathumela umbiko kuhlelo lwe-Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting online (http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch) noma ngocingo ( 1-800-332-1088).

Ukuthatha i-phenytoin kungakhuphula ubungozi bokuthi uzoba ne-osteopenia, i-osteoporosis, noma i-osteomalacia nezinkinga ngama-lymph node wakho kubandakanya nesifo sikaHodgkin (umdlavuza oqala ohlelweni lwe-lymph). Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezingozi zokusebenzisa lo muthi ukwelapha isimo sakho.

Gcina le mithi esitsheni efike ngayo, ivalwe ngokuqinile, futhi lapho izingane zingafinyeleleki khona. Yigcine ekamelweni lokushisa, kude nokukhanya nokushisa okweqile nomswakama (hhayi endlini yangasese). Ungamisi oketshezi.

Kubalulekile ukugcina yonke imishanguzo ingabonakali futhi ifinyeleleke ezinganeni njengoba iziqukathi eziningi (njengezingqondo zamaphilisi zamasonto onke kanye nalawo amaconsi wamehlo, okhilimu, amabala, kanye nama-inhalers) azimeleki ezinganeni futhi izingane ezincane zingazivula kalula. Ukuvikela izingane ezisencane ekufakeni ubuthi, hlala uvala amakepisi okuphepha bese ubeka umuthi endaweni ephephile - eyodwa ephezulu futhi engekho futhi engabonakali kubo futhi efinyelela kuyo. http://www.upandaway.org

Imithi engadingeki kufanele ilahlwe ngezindlela ezikhethekile zokuqinisekisa ukuthi izilwane ezifuywayo, izingane nabanye abantu abakwazi ukuzidla. Kodwa-ke, akufanele ukhiphe le mithi ethoyilethi. Esikhundleni salokho, indlela engcono kakhulu yokulahla imithi yakho ngohlelo lokubuyisa umuthi. Khuluma nosokhemisi wakho noma uthinte umnyango wangakini wokulahla udoti / wokusebenzisa kabusha ukuze ufunde ngezinhlelo zokubuyisa emphakathini wakho. Bheka iwebhusayithi yakwa-FDA's Safe Disposal of Medicines (http://goo.gl/c4Rm4p) ukuthola eminye imininingwane uma ungakwazi ukufinyelela kuhlelo lokubuyisa.

Uma kwenzeka ukweqisa ngokweqile, shayela ucingo losizo lokulawula ubuthi ku-1-800-222-1222. Imininingwane iyatholakala online ku-https: //www.poisonhelp.org/help. Uma isisulu siwile, saba nokuquleka, sinenkinga yokuphefumula, noma singakwazi ukuvuswa, shayela ngokushesha abezimo eziphuthumayo ku-911.

Izimpawu zokudlula ngokweqile zingafaka okulandelayo:

• ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungalawuleki
• ukulahleka kokuxhumanisa
• inkulumo ehamba kancane noma engacacile
• ukungaboni kahle
• ukukhathala
• ukuzamazama okungalawuleki kwengxenye yomzimba
• isicanucanu
• ukuhlanza
• ikhoma (ukulahlekelwa ukwazi isikhathi esithile)
• isiyezi, ukukhathala, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, noma ubuhlungu besifuba
• ukuphelelwa umoya

Gcina wonke ama-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho kanye nelabhorethri. Udokotela wakho anga-oda izivivinyo ezithile zelebhu ukuze ahlole impendulo yakho ku-phenytoin.

Ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiluphi uvivinyo lwelabhoratri, tshela udokotela wakho kanye nabasebenzi belebhuthi ukuthi uthatha i-phenytoin.

Ungavumeli omunye umuntu ukuthi athathe imithi yakho. Buza usokhemisi wakho noma imiphi imibuzo onayo mayelana nokugcwalisa umuthi wakho.

Kubalulekile ukuthi ugcine uhlu olubhaliwe lwayo yonke imishanguzo oyisebenzisayo kadokotela kanye nokungabhaliswanga (ngaphezulu kokuthenga), kanye nanoma yimiphi imikhiqizo efana namavithamini, amaminerali, noma ezinye izithako zokudla. Kufanele uze nalolu hlu njalo uma uvakashela udokotela noma uma ungeniswa esibhedlela. Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi nemininingwane ebalulekile ukuthi uphathe uma kwenzeka kunezimo eziphuthumayo.

• UDilantin^®
• I-Phenytek^®