Achalasia: kuyini, izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimbangela ze-Achalasia
• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Kunjani ukuxilongwa
• Ukwelashwa kwe-Achalasia

I-Achalasia yisifo somphimbo esibonakala ngokungabikho kweminyakazo ye-peristaltic efaka ukudla esiswini nangokuncipha kwe-esophageal sphincter, okubangela ubunzima ekugwinyeni okuqinile neziphuzo, isibonelo, ukukhwehlela ebusuku nokuncipha kwesisindo.

Lesi sifo singenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, noma kunjalo sivame kakhulu phakathi kweminyaka yobudala engama-20 nengama-40 futhi siqhubeka kancane kancane ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Kubalulekile ukuthi i-achalasia ikhonjwe futhi yelashwe ngokushesha ukuze izingqinamba ezifana nokushoda kokudla okunempilo, izinkinga zokuphefumula kanye nomdlavuza wesifo ungagwenywa.

Izimbangela ze-Achalasia

I-Achalasia yenzeka ngenxa yoshintsho emithanjeni engasebenzi emisipheni yokuqunjelwa, okuholela ekwehliseni noma ukungabikho kwezinciphiso zemisipha ezivumela ukudlula kokudla.

I-Achalasia ayinayo imbangela esungulwe kahle, kepha kukholakala ukuthi kungenzeka ngenxa yezifo ezizimele kanye nokutheleleka ngegciwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amacala e-achalasia ngenxa yesifo sikaChagas ngenxa yokuwohloka kwemisipha ebangelwa I-Trypanosoma cruzi, okuyi-ejenti elithathelwanayo elibhekene nesifo se-Chagas.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-achalasia yilezi:

• Kunzima ukugwinya okuqinile neziphuzo;
• Ubuhlungu besifuba;
• I-reflux yesisu;
• Ukukhwehlela ebusuku;
• Ukutheleleka komoya;
• Izinkinga zokuphefumula.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukuthi uqaphele ukwehla kwesisindo ngenxa yokudla okuncane nobunzima bokukhipha i-esophagus.

Kunjani ukuxilongwa

Ukuxilongwa kwe-achalasia kwenziwa i-gastroenterologist noma udokotela ojwayelekile ngokuhlaziywa kwezimpawu nokubona isophi ngokuhlolwa okuthile, okufana ne-endoscopy ephezulu yokugaya ukudla, i-radiography ngokuqhathanisa nomphimbo, isisu kanye ne-duodenum, ne-esophageal manometry.

Kwezinye izimo, kungabuye kudingeke ukwenza i-biopsy ukuhlola ukuthi ngabe izimpawu ezilethwayo zihlobene yini nomdlavuza noma ezinye izifo. Ukuhlolwa okuceliwe akusetshenziswanga nje kuphela ukuphetha ukuxilongwa kepha futhi kuchaza nobukhali besifo, okubalulekile kudokotela ukuthi aqale ukwelashwa.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Achalasia

Ukwelashwa kwe-achalasia kuhlose ukukhulisa i-esophagus ukuvumela ukudla kudlule kahle esiswini. Ngalokhu, kusetshenziswa amanye amasu, njengokugcwalisa ibhaluni ngaphakathi komqala ukukhulisa unomphela imisipha, nokusetshenziswa kwe-nitroglycerin ne-calcium blocker ngaphambi kokudla, okusiza ukukhulula i-sphincter nokunciphisa izimpawu.

Ukuhlinzwa okusetshenziswe kulokhu kwelashwa kuqukethe ukusika imicu yemisipha yomlomo, futhi yize kunemiphumela engemihle, kukhonjiswe ukuthi kuyindlela ephumelela kunazo zonke ekwelapheni i-achalasia.