Izidakamizwa ze-Adrenergic

-Delile

• Basebenza kanjani
• Izinhlobo zezidakamizwa ze-adrenergic kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo
• Ama-Bronchodilators
• Ama-Vasopressors
• Izikhuthazi zenhliziyo
• Okunye ukucatshangelwa

Ziyini izidakamizwa ze-adrenergic?

Izidakamizwa ze-adrenergic yimithi evuselela izinzwa ezithile emzimbeni wakho. Benza lokhu ngokulingisa isenzo sezithunywa zamakhemikhali i-epinephrine ne-norepinephrine noma ngokuvuselela ukukhishwa kwazo. Le mithi isetshenziswa ezimeni eziningi ezisongela impilo, kufaka phakathi ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo, ukushaqeka, ukuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya, noma ukusabela okweqile.

Basebenza kanjani

Izidakamizwa ze-adrenergic zivuselela izinzwa ohlelweni lomzimba ozwelayo (SNS) lomzimba wakho. Lolu hlelo lusiza ukulawula ukusabela komzimba wakho ekucindezelekeni noma ezimeni eziphuthumayo. Ngesikhathi sezingcindezi, i-SNS ikhipha izithunywa zamakhemikhali endlala ye-adrenal. Lezi zithunywa zamakhemikhali zisebenza emzimbeni wakho ukukhuphula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, ukujuluka, nokuphefumula nokunciphisa ukugaya. Lokhu kwesinye isikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi "yimpi noma indiza" impendulo.

Izidakamizwa ze-adrenergic zinezakhiwo ezifanayo njengezithunywa zamakhemikhali umzimba wakho ozikhiqizayo ngezikhathi zokuxineka, njenge-epinephrine ne-norepinephrine. Izindawo ezithile ezibizwa ngama-adrenergic receptors zithola imilayezo evela ku-epinephrine ne-norepinephrine etshela umzimba wakho ukuthi kufanele uphendule kanjani. Izidakamizwa ze-adrenergic nazo ziyaxhumana nalawa ma-receptors. Bangalingisa i-epinephrine ne-norepinephrine futhi babophe nama-receptors, kubangele izimpi noma izimpendulo zendiza. Le mithi ingabopha nama-receptors ukukhuthaza ukukhishwa kwe-epinephrine ne-norepinephrine.

Izidakamizwa ze-adrenergic zingasiza ukwenza okulandelayo:

• ukwandisa umfutho wegazi
• ukucinana kwemithambo yegazi
• vula imigwaqo yomoya eholela emaphashini
• khuphula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo
• yeka ukopha

Izinhlobo zezidakamizwa ze-adrenergic kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo

Uhlobo ngalunye lwesidakamizwa se-adrenergic siphatha izimo ezahlukahlukene kuya ngokuthi iziphi izamukeli eziqondisiwe. Isenzo esithile somuthi sincike ekutheni umuthi usebenza ngqo njengesithunywa samakhemikhali noma ngokungaqondile ngokukhuthaza ukukhishwa kwezithunywa zamakhemikhali.

Ama-Bronchodilators

Ama-bronchodilator avula amashubhu we-bronchial, noma ama-air passage. Le mithi ye-adrenergic isebenza kuma-beta receptors ngqo. Lapho zibopha nge-beta-2 receptors, zenza ukuthi imigwaqo yomoya eholele emaphashini ivuleke. Lokhu kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukuphefumula kweziguli ezinezifo zokuphefumula njenge:

• isifuba somoya
• isifo esingapheliyo sokuvimbela kwamaphaphu (COPD)
• emphysema
• i-bronchitis

Izibonelo zama-bronchodilators zifaka:

• albuterol
• i-formoterol
• levalbuterol
• olodaterol
• salmeterol

Ama-Vasopressors

IVasopressors ingasebenza ku-alpha-1, beta-1, naku-beta-2 adrenergic receptors. Futhi bangasebenza kuma-dopamine receptors. Le mithi ivuselela ukusikwa okubushelelezi emithanjeni yegazi. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi imithambo yegazi yakho ibe mincane. Lo mphumela ubangela nokuthi umfutho wegazi lakho ukhule.

Ukwandisa umfutho wegazi kungasiza ekwelapheni ukushaqeka. Ukuncipha kwemithambo yegazi kungasiza ukuyeka ukopha. Kungasiza futhi ukugcina izinzwa (imishanguzo eyenza umzimba wakho ube ndikindiki) ekusakazekeni ngokuvala imithambo yegazi eseduze.

Ama-vasopressor athile angasetshenziselwa imikhuhlane noma ukungezwani komzimba. Banganciphisa imithambo yegazi evuvukele kulwelwesi lwamafinyila ekhaleni lakho. Le mithi ijwayele ukubizwa ngokuthi ngama-decongestants acinene.

Izibonelo ze-vasopressors ezahlukahlukene zifaka:

• ephedrine
• epinephrine
• i-dopamine
• lezinhle
• pseudoephedrine
• i-oxymetazoline

Izikhuthazi zenhliziyo

Izikhuthazi zenhliziyo zingasetshenziswa ukukhuthaza nokubuyisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo. Ziyasetshenziswa uma inhliziyo yakho iyeka ukushaya ngokuzumayo ngenxa ye-electrocution, ukuqina, noma ukuminza. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, i-epinephrine ingajovwa ngqo enhliziyweni yakho ukusiza ukuyenza iqale ukushaya futhi.

Okunye ukucatshangelwa

Uma ucabanga ngomuthi we-adrenergic, kufanele futhi ucabangele imiphumela emibi kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha. Imiphumela emibi yezidakamizwa ze-adrenergic iyahluka futhi incike kwisidakamizwa esithile osithathayo. Akubona bonke abantu abazobhekana nayo yonke imiphumela emibi engaba khona yomuthi ngamunye we-adrenergic. Ngokufanayo, akuzona zonke izidakamizwa ze-adrenergic ezilungele wonke umuntu. Izimo zezempilo ngaphandle kwalokhu okudingeka ukwelaphe ngomuthi we-adrenergic zingadlala indima ekunqumeni ukuthi imuphi umuthi olungele wena. Ungaxoxa nazo zonke lezi zinto nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole ukukhetha okuhle.