Ukugula Kwendawo Ephakeme

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu?
• Yiziphi izinhlobo zokugula kusuka phezulu?
• AMS
• UBUSO
• JABULA
• Yini ebangela ukugula kokuphakama?
• Ngubani osengozini yokugula okuphezulu?
• Kutholakala kanjani ukugula kokuphakama?
• Selashwa kanjani isifo sokuphakama?
• Yiziphi izinkinga zokugula kusuka phezulu?
• Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside?
• Ungakwazi ukuvimbela ukugula kokuphakama?

Ukubuka konke

Lapho ukhuphuka intaba, uhamba izintaba, ushayela, noma wenza noma imuphi omunye umsebenzi endaweni ephakeme kakhulu, umzimba wakho kungenzeka ungatholi i-oxygen eyanele.

Ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo kungadala ukugula kokuphakama. Ukugula kwe-altitude ngokuvamile kwenzeka ezindaweni eziphakeme ngamamitha ayi-8,000 nangaphezulu. Abantu abangajwayele lezi zindawo eziphakeme basengozini enkulu. Izimpawu zihlanganisa ukuphathwa ikhanda nokuqwasha.

Akufanele uthathe kancane ukugula kokuphakama. Isimo singaba yingozi. Ukugula kwe-altitude akunakwenzeka ukubikezela - noma ngubani endaweni ephakeme angakuthola.

Ziyini izimpawu?

Izimpawu zokugula kokuphakama zingabonakala ngokushesha noma kancane kancane. Izimpawu zokugula kokuphakama zifaka:

• ukukhathala
• ukuqwasha
• ikhanda
• isicanucanu
• ukuhlanza
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
• ukuphefumula (ngokuzikhandla noma ngaphandle kokuzikhandla)

Izimpawu ezimbi kakhulu zifaka:

• ukuguqulwa kwesikhumba (ushintsho ku-blue, grey, noma pale)
• ukudideka
• ukukhwehlela
• ukukhwehlela amafinyila anegazi
• ukuqina kwesifuba
• kwehle ukwazi
• ukungakwazi ukuhamba kulayini oqondile
• ukuphefumula kancane lapho uphumule

Yiziphi izinhlobo zokugula kusuka phezulu?

Ukugula kwe-Altitude kwahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amathathu:

AMS

Ukugula okunamandla ezintabeni (AMS) kubhekwa njengohlobo oluvame kakhulu lokugula kokuphakama. Izimpawu ze-AMS ziyefana kakhulu nokudakwa.

UBUSO

I-edema ye-cerebral edema ephezulu (HACE) ivela uma ukugula okunamandla kwentaba kuqhubeka. I-HACE ifomu elibi le-AMS lapho ubuchopho buvuvukala buyeke khona ukusebenza ngokujwayelekile. Izimpawu ze-HACE zifana ne-AMS enzima. Izimpawu eziphawuleka kakhulu zifaka:

• ukozela ngokweqile
• ukudideka nokucasuka
• ukuhamba kanzima

Uma ingalashwa ngokushesha, i-HACE ingadala ukufa.

JABULA

I-edema ye-pulmonary edema ephezulu (HAPE) iyinqubekela phambili ye-HACE, kepha futhi ingenzeka iyodwa. Uketshezi oluningi luyakheka emaphashini, okwenza kube nzima ngabo ukusebenza ngokujwayelekile. Izimpawu ze-HAPE zifaka:

• ukwanda kokuphefumula ngesikhathi sokuzikhandla
• ukukhwehlela okukhulu
• ubuthakathaka

Uma i-HAPE ingalashwa ngokushesha ngokunciphisa ukuphakama noma ukusebenzisa i-oxygen, kungaholela ekufeni.

Yini ebangela ukugula kokuphakama?

Uma umzimba wakho ungahambelani nokuphakama okuphezulu, ungahlangabezana nokugula kokuphakama. Njengoba ukuphakama kukhuphuka, umoya uba mncane futhi ugcwale umoya-mpilo. Ukugula kwe-altitude kuvame kakhulu ezindaweni eziphakeme ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-8,000. Amaphesenti angama-20 abagibeli bezintaba, abagibeli bezindiza, kanye nabavakashi abahamba ezindaweni eziphakeme eziphakathi kwamamitha angu-8,000 no-18,000 babhekana nokugula okuphezulu. Inombolo inyuka iye kuma-50% ekuphakameni okungaphezu kwamamitha ayi-18,000.

Ngubani osengozini yokugula okuphezulu?

Usengozini ephansi uma ungazange ube neziqephu zangaphambilini zokugula kusuka phezulu. Ingozi yakho nayo iphansi uma kancane kancane ukhuphula ukuphakama kwakho. Ukuthatha izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezimbili ukukhuphuka izinyawo ezingama-8,200 kuye kwezingu-9 800 kungasiza ekunciphiseni ubungozi bakho.

Ingozi yakho iyanda uma unomlando wokugula kusuka phezulu. Usengozini enkulu uma ukhuphuka ngokushesha futhi ukhuphuka ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-1 600 ngosuku.

Kutholakala kanjani ukugula kokuphakama?

Udokotela wakho uzokubuza uchungechunge lwemibuzo ukuze afune izimpawu zokugula okuphezulu. Bazolalela nasesifubeni sakho besebenzisa i-stethoscope uma uphefumula kanzima. Imisindo yokuxokozela noma yokuqhekeka emaphashini akho ingakhombisa ukuthi kukhona uketshezi olukuzo. Lokhu kudinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Udokotela wakho angenza futhi i-X-ray yesifuba ukuze afune izimpawu zokwehla koketshezi noma kwamaphaphu.

Selashwa kanjani isifo sokuphakama?

Ukwehla ngokushesha kunganciphisa izimpawu zokuqala zokugula kusuka phezulu. Kodwa-ke, kufanele ufune ukwelashwa uma unezimpawu ezithuthukile zokugula kakhulu ezintabeni.

Imithi i-acetazolamide inganciphisa izimpawu zokugula okuphezulu futhi isize ukuthuthukisa ukuphefumula okusebenzayo. Unganikezwa futhi i-steroid dexamethasone.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zifaka i-lung inhaler, imithi ephezulu yomfutho wegazi (nifedipine), kanye nomuthi we-phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa ingcindezi emithanjeni esemaphashini akho. Umshini wokuphefumula unganikeza usizo uma ungakwazi ukuphefumula wedwa.

Yiziphi izinkinga zokugula kusuka phezulu?

Izinkinga zokugula okuphezulu zifaka:

• i-edema yamaphaphu (uketshezi emaphashini)
• ukuvuvukala kobuchopho
• ikhoma
• ukufa

Uyini umbono wesikhathi eside?

Abantu abanezifo ezincane zokugula kusuka phezulu bazolulama uma belashwa ngokushesha. Amacala athuthukisiwe okugula okuphezulu kunzima ukwelashwa futhi adinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo. Abantu abakulesi sigaba sokugula okuphezulu basengozini yokuquleka nokufa ngenxa yokuvuvukala kobuchopho nokungakwazi ukuphefumula.

Ungakwazi ukuvimbela ukugula kokuphakama?

Yazi izimpawu zokugula okuphezulu ngaphambi kokuba ukhuphuke. Ungalokothi uye endaweni ephakeme ukuyolala uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu. Yehla uma izimpawu ziba zimbi kakhulu ngenkathi usaphumule. Ukuhlala u-hydrated kahle kunganciphisa ubungozi bokugula kokuphakama. Futhi, kufanele unciphise noma ugweme utshwala ne-caffeine, ngoba zombili zingaba nomthelela ekuphelelweni amanzi emzimbeni.