Yini i-Anthrax, izimpawu eziyinhloko nokuthi ilashwa kanjani

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ukudluliswa kwenzeka kanjani
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Ukuvimbela i-Anthrax

I-anthrax yisifo esibi esibangelwa amagciwane I-Bacillus anthracis, okungadala ukutheleleka lapho abantu behlangana ngqo nezinto noma izilwane ezingcoliswe yigciwane, lapho bedla inyama yezilwane engcolisiwe noma lapho behogela izinhlamvu zaleli gciwane elikhona emvelweni.

Ukutheleleka ngaleli gciwane kubi impela futhi kungabeka engozini ukusebenza kwamathumbu namaphaphu, okungaholela ekuqulekeni nasekufeni ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemuva kokutheleleka. Ngenxa yesenzo sayo esinobuthi, i-anthrax ingasetshenziswa njengesikhali semvelo, njengoba isivele isakazeke ngothuli ezincwadini nasezintweni njengendlela yobushokobezi.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu ze-anthrax ziyehluka kuye ngohlobo lokudlulisela, amasosha omzimba womuntu kanye nenani lezinhlamvu umuntu ahlangane nazo. Izimpawu nezimpawu zokutheleleka zingaqala ukuvela cishe emahoreni ayi-12 kuye ezinsukwini ezi-5 ngemuva kokuchayeka kubhaktheriya, futhi kungadala ukubonakaliswa komtholampilo ngokwendlela yokutheleleka:

• I-anthrax enqamulelayo: kuyisimo esibi kakhulu sesifo, kwenzeka lapho umuntu ehlangana ngqo nezinhlamvu zebhaktheriya futhi kungabonakala ngokuvela kwezigaxa ezibomvu ngokunsundu namabhamuza esikhunjeni ezingaphuka futhi zenze izilonda ezimnyama nezibuhlungu esikhunjeni, kungahle kuhambisane nokuvuvukala, ubuhlungu bemisipha, ikhanda, umkhuhlane, isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
• I-anthrax emathunjini: lokho kwenzeka ngokungeniswa kwenyama yezilwane engcolisiwe, lapho ubuthi obukhiqizwa futhi obudedelwa ngamagciwane bubangela ukuvuvukala okukhulu kwalesi sitho, okubangela ukopha, uhudo, ukuhlanza, ubuhlungu besisu nomkhuhlane;
• THEimizwa yamaphaphu: kuthathwa njengesimo esibi kakhulu sesifo, njengoba izinhlamvu zihlala emaphashini, zithikameza ukuphefumula futhi zingafinyelela kalula egazini, okungaholela ekuqulekeni noma ekufeni kungakapheli izinsuku eziyisithupha emva kokutheleleka. Izimpawu zokuqala zivame ukufana nomkhuhlane, kepha zihamba ngokushesha.

Uma amabhaktheriya efinyelela ebuchosheni, ngemuva kokufinyelela egazini, kungadala ukutheleleka okungathi sína kakhulu kobuchopho kanye ne-meningitis, okuhlala kubulala njalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, konke lokhu kubonakaliswa kubucayi kakhulu futhi uma kungakhonjwa ngokushesha futhi kwelashwe, kungaholela ekufeni.

Ukudluliswa kwenzeka kanjani

Ukutheleleka nge I-Bacillus anthracis kungenzeka ngokuthintana nezinto noma izilwane ezingcoliswe yizinhlamvu zebhaktheriya, ezimweni eziningi okuyizinkomo, izimbuzi nezimvu. Lapho ukutheleleka kwenzeka ngokuxhumana nezinhlamvu futhi kuholele ekuveleni kwezimpawu zesikhumba, ukutheleleka kungadluliselwa kalula kusuka kumuntu kuye komunye.

Ezinye izinhlobo zokudluliswa kwalesi sifo kungenxa yokungeniswa kwenyama noma izilwane ezitholakele ezingcolisiwe nangokudonswa kwezinhlamvu, okuyindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu yokudlulisela esimweni se-bioterrorism, isibonelo.Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zokudluliswa azidluliselwa zisuka kumuntu ziye komunye, kepha zibhekwa njengezimbi kakhulu, ngoba amabhaktheriya angafinyelela kalula egazini, asabalalele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba futhi abangele izimpawu ezimbi kakhulu.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukutheleleka nge-anthrax kulashwa ngokusebenzisa ama-antibiotics okufanele asetshenziswe ngokuyalelwa ngudokotela wezifo kanye / noma nodokotela ojwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidakamizwa zinganconywa ukuthi zinciphise isenzo sobuthi obukhiqizwayo futhi obukhishwe ngamagciwane, ngaleyo ndlela kuvimbele ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo nokuqeda izimpawu.

Umuthi wokugoma i-anthrax awutholakali kubo bonke abantu, kuphela kubantu abanethuba elikhulu lokuchayeka kuma-bacterium, njengoba kunjalo ngamasosha nososayensi, isibonelo.

Ukuvimbela i-Anthrax

Njengoba izinhlamvu zaleli bhaktheriya zingekho emvelweni, kuphela kumalabhorethri okubhekiswa kuwo ngezinhloso zempi uma kunesidingo, umuthi wokugoma i-anthrax utholakala kuphela kubantu ababhekwa njengabasengozini, njengamasosha, ososayensi, ama-laboratories ochwepheshe, abasebenzi bendwangu izinkampani zezilwane.

Njengoba amabhaktheriya angatholakala futhi ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla noma ezinweleni zezilwane, enye indlela yokuvimbela ukutheleleka ukulawula impilo yezilwane, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise ukutholakala kwamagciwane emvelweni.

Endabeni yokusebenzisa i I-Bacillus anthracis Njengendlela ye-bioterrorism, isu elihle kakhulu lokuvikela ukutheleleka kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesifo ukugoma nokusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic akhonjiswe cishe izinsuku ezingama-60.