Ukuqonda i-Autism kwabesifazane

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu ze-autism?
• Izimpawu zokuxhumana nokuxhumana komphakathi
• Izimpawu zephethini yokuziphatha
• Zihluke kanjani izimpawu kwabesifazane?
• Yini ebangela i-autism kwabesifazane?
• Ingabe kukhona ukuhlolwa kwe-autism kwabesifazane?
• Iphathwa kanjani i-autism kwabesifazane?
• Ngingakutholaphi ukwesekwa?
• Ukufundwa okuphakanyisiwe
  
• Okubalulekile

Sifaka imikhiqizo esicabanga ukuthi ilusizo kubafundi bethu. Uma uthenga ngezixhumanisi ezikuleli khasi, singathola ikhomishini encane. Nansi inqubo yethu.

Yini i-autism?

I-Autism spectrum disorder yisimo esithinta indlela abantu abaziphatha ngayo, abahlangana ngayo, futhi baxhumane nabanye. Lesi sifo sivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-autism.

Kwakuvamise ukuhlukaniswa kube ngama-subtypes, njenge-Asperger's syndrome, kepha manje seliphathwa njengesimo esinezimpawu ezahlukahlukene zezimpawu nobukhali.

Kepha ingabe izimpawu ze-autism nobukhali bazo buyahluka phakathi kobulili? Phakathi kwezingane, i-autism icishe yande kakhulu kubafana kunasemantombazaneni.

Kodwa-ke, okubandakanya cishe izingane ezingama-2 500 ezine-autism kusikisela ukuthi kuvame ukungatholakali emantombazaneni. Lokhu kungachaza ukuthi kungani i-autism ibonakala ivame kakhulu kubafana.

Kungani i-autism ivame ukungatholakali emantombazaneni? Ngabe i-autism kubantu besifazane ihluke ngempela kwi-autism emadodeni? Funda ukuze ufunde izimpendulo ezingaba khona zale mibuzo neminye mayelana ne-autism kwabesifazane.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-autism?

Izimpawu ze-Autism zivame ukuvela ebuntwaneni, ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala engu-2. Isibonelo, izinsana kungenzeka zingabheki iso. Kwezinye izimo, bangabonisa ukungabi nandaba nabazali babo.

Cishe iminyaka yobudala engu-2, bangaqala ukukhombisa izimpawu zokuhlukumezeka, behluleke ukuphendula egameni labo, noma baqale ukuthatha izinyathelo emuva ekukhuleni kwabo kolimi.

Noma kunjalo, i-autism iyinkinga ye-spectrum, futhi akuzona zonke izingane ezine-autism ezibonisa lezi zimpawu. Ngokuvamile, noma kunjalo, izimpawu ze-autism zivame ukubandakanya izinkinga ngokuxhumana komphakathi kanye namaphethini wokuziphatha.

Izimpawu zokuxhumana nokuxhumana komphakathi

Izingane kanye nabantu abadala abane-autism kaningi baba nobunzima bokuxhumana nabanye.

Lokhu kungaholela ezinhlobonhlobo zezimpawu, njenge:

• ukungakwazi ukubuka noma ukulalela abantu
• akukho mpendulo egameni labo
• ukumelana nokuthinta
• ukukhetha ukuba wedwa
• ukushukuma komzimba okungafanele noma okungekho nhlobo
• ukungakwazi ukuqala ingxoxo noma ukuqhubeka nokuqhubeka
• ukukhuluma ngokweqile ngesihloko osithandayo ngaphandle kokubheka ukusabela kwabanye
• izinkinga zokukhuluma noma izindlela zokukhuluma ezingavamile
• ukungakwazi ukuveza imizwa noma ukuyibona kwabanye
• Inkinga yokubona izinkomba zomphakathi ezilula
• kunzima ukulandela izinkomba ezilula
• ukungakwazi ukubikezela impendulo noma ukusabela kothile
• ukuxhumana okungalungile komphakathi
• ukungakwazi ukubona izindlela zokuxhumana ezingezona ezomlomo

Izimpawu zephethini yokuziphatha

Abantu abane-autism bavame ukuba nezindlela zokuziphatha eziphindaphindwayo okunzima ukuziphula.

Amanye ala maphethini afaka:

• ukwenza ukunyakaza okuphindaphindayo, njengokuzamazama emuva naphambili
• ukuthuthukisa onkhe noma amasiko angenakuphazanyiswa
• ukuzilimaza, kufaka phakathi ukuluma nokushaya ikhanda
• ukuphinda amagama nemishwana
• ukuheha ngokweqile ngendaba ethile, iqiniso, noma imininingwane ethile
• ukuzwa imizwa yokukhanya nomsindo ngamandla noma ngaphansi ngamandla kunabanye
• ukulungisa izinto ezithile noma imisebenzi ethile
• ukuba nokuncamelayo kokudla okuthile noma ukungathandi ukwakheka kokudla

Zihluke kanjani izimpawu kwabesifazane?

Izimpawu ze-autism kwabesifazane azihlukile kakhulu kulezo ezisemadodeni. Kodwa-ke, kholwa ukuthi abesifazane namantombazane maningi amathuba okuba bafihle noma bafihle izimpawu zabo. Lokhu kujwayelekile ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane ekugcineni kokusebenza okuphezulu kwe-autism spectrum.

Izinhlobo ezivamile zokuzifihla zifaka:

• ukuphoqa ukuthi uthinte iso ngesikhathi sezingxoxo
• ukulungiselela amahlaya noma imishwana ngaphambi kwesikhathi ongayisebenzisa engxoxweni
• ukulingisa isimilo sabanye
• ukulingisa izinkulumo nokushukuma komzimba

Ngenkathi bobabili abesilisa nabesifazane abane-autism bengazifihla izimpawu zabo, kubonakala sengathi kuvame kakhulu kwabesifazane namantombazane. Lokhu kungachaza ukuthi kungani mancane amathuba okuthi batholwe bene-autism.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izifundo ezibheka umehluko phakathi kwe-autism kwabesifazane nakwabesilisa bezincane kakhulu noma zinamaphutha. Ochwepheshe abanalo noma yiluphi ulwazi olucacile mayelana nomehluko, kufaka phakathi ukuthi ngabe angokoqobo noma angumphumela nje wokuzifihla.

Noma kunjalo, okunye okwenziwe ngale ndaba kusikisela ukuthi, uma kuqhathaniswa nabesilisa, abesifazane abane-autism bane:

• ubunzima obuningi bezenhlalo nezinkinga zokusebenzisana
• amandla amancane okuzivumelanisa
• ukuthambekela okuncane kokugxila kakhulu kusihloko noma emsebenzini
• izinkinga ezingokomzwelo
• izinkinga zokuqonda kanye nezolimi
• ezinye izindlela zokuziphatha eziyinkinga, njengokulingisa nokuba nolaka

Kudingeka izifundo eziningi ezinkulu, zesikhathi eside ukudweba noma iziphi iziphetho eziqinile mayelana ne-autism kwabesifazane.

Yini ebangela i-autism kwabesifazane?

Ochwepheshe abaqiniseki ukuthi yini ebangela i-autism. Njengoba kunikezwe ububanzi bezimpawu nobukhali, i-autism kungenzeka ibangelwe yizinto eziningana, kufaka phakathi izakhi zofuzo nezici zemvelo.

Yize bungekho ubufakazi bokuthi imbangela ngqo ye-autism yehlukile phakathi kobulili, ezinye izazi ziphakamisa ukuthi abafana basethubeni eliphakeme lokuyikhulisa.

Isibonelo, abaphenyi ababambe iqhaza ocwaningweni olukhulu okukhulunywe ngalo ngenhla bakholelwa ukuthi amantombazane angahle azalwe enezici zokuvikela zofuzo ezinciphisa amathuba okuba ne-autism.

Kukhona nomqondo oqhamukayo obizwa ngokuthi yi-the "extreme male brain" theory. Kususelwa kumqondo wokuthi ukuvezwa kombungu emazingeni aphezulu ama-hormone wesilisa esibelethweni kungathinta ukukhula kwengqondo.

Ngenxa yalokho, ingqondo yengane ingahle igxile kakhulu ekuqondeni nasekuhlukaniseni izinto, izici ezivame ukuhlotshaniswa nobuchopho besilisa. Lokhu kuqhathaniswa nokuzwela nokuzijabulisa, okuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nobuchopho besifazane.

Umphumela wamahomoni ekukhuleni kobuchopho awukaziwa kahle okwamanje, okunikeza le mbono eminye imikhawulo emikhulu. Noma kunjalo, kuyisiqalo sokubheka ukuqonda ukuthi i-autism ikhula kanjani nokuthi kungani ibonakala kakhulu kubafana kunamantombazane.

Ingabe kukhona ukuhlolwa kwe-autism kwabesifazane?

Akunakho ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okungahlola i-autism. Kungaba inqubo enzima edinga ukuvakashela izinhlobo eziningana zodokotela.

Uma ukholelwa ukuthi ingane yakho ingaba ku-autism spectrum, yenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wayo. Ngokuya ngezimpawu zengane yakho, udokotela wabo angabathumela kudokotela wezengqondo wezingane noma isazi sezinzwa zezingane.

Uma usola ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi une-autism engatholakali, qala ngokukhuluma nodokotela wakho wokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo. Isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo singakusiza nokuthi uhlole izimpawu zakho futhi ukhiphe ezinye izimbangela ezingaba khona. Funda kabanzi ngenqubo yokusebenza nodokotela ukuthola ukuxilongwa kwe-autism.

I-Autism ingaba nzima kakhulu ukuxilongwa kubantu abadala.Ungadinga ukuvakashela odokotela abambalwa ngaphambi kokuba uthole umuntu oqonda izimpawu zakho nokukhathazeka kwakho.

Uma kungenzeka, zama ukubuza amalungu omndeni asondelene nganoma yiziphi izimpawu noma izimpawu ongase uziveze useyingane. Lokhu kungasiza ukunikeza udokotela wakho umbono ongcono wokukhula kwakho ebuntwaneni.

Kuyo yonke inqubo, khumbula ukuthi ungummeli wakho obaluleke kakhulu. Uma uzwa sengathi udokotela wakho akazithathi ngokungathi sína izinkathazo zakho, khuluma noma uthole umbono wesibili. Ukufuna umbono wesibili kuvamile, futhi akufanele uzizwe ungakhululekile ukwenza kanjalo.

Iphathwa kanjani i-autism kwabesifazane?

Ngenkathi lungekho ikhambi le-autism, imishanguzo ingasiza ukuphatha izimpawu ezithile ezihlobene noma ukuphazamiseka okungenzeka kuhlangane.

Kodwa imithi iyisici esisodwa kuphela sokwelashwa kwe-autism. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokwelapha ngokomzimba, emsebenzini, nangokhuluma ezingakusiza ukuthi uhlanganyele kangcono nezwe elikuzungezile futhi uphathe izimpawu zakho.

Ngingakutholaphi ukwesekwa?

Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi abesifazane bavame ukuba ngcono ekufihleni izimpawu zabo, ukuba ngowesifazane one-autism angazizwa ehlukaniswa ikakhulukazi. Kwabesifazane abaningi, kuyinqubo engokomzwelo ehilela ukuphinde uvakashele indlela yokuziphatha kwengane kanye nezinkinga zenhlalo.

Cabanga ukufinyelela kwabanye besifazane abaphila ne-autism. I-Autistic Women and Nonbinary Network yinhlangano engenzi nzuzo ezinikele ekusekeleni abesifazane nabantu abangahambisani nobulili abane-autism.

Noma ungakakulungeli ukuxhumana nomuntu, ungathola okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi, izindaba zabantu bokuqala, nezincomo zodokotela online.

Ukufundwa okuphakanyisiwe

• Ukucabanga ezithombeni.Le yi-akhawunti yokuzibonela ye-Temple Grandin, PhD, omunye wabesifazane abaziwa kakhulu abane-autism. Unikeza umbono wakhe njengososayensi ophumelelayo nowesifazane ophila ne-autism.
• Abesifazane Namantombazane abane-Autism Spectrum Disorder. Leli qoqo lezindatshana zocwaningo nezindaba zomuntu siqu linikeza imibono eminingi yokuthi abesifazane namantombazane ane-autism bazulazula kanjani emhlabeni obazungezile.
• Ngingu-AspienWoman. Le ncwadi ewina imiklomelo ihlola ukuthi abesifazane bathola kanjani i-autism ngokukhethekile eminyakeni ehlukene. Iphinde ixoxe ngezindlela i-autism engaba ngayo indlela ezuzisayo yokucabanga kunesimo esidinga ukwelashwa okunolaka.

Ufuna ezinye izincomo zebhuku? Bona uhlu lwethu lwezinye izincwadi ezibalulekile zabantu abadala abane-autism noma abazali bezingane ezine-autism.

Okubalulekile

I-Autism ibonakala ivame kakhulu kubafana kunamantombazane, futhi abacwaningi baqala ukuqonda kangcono umehluko wokuthi abafana namantombazane babhekana kanjani ne-autism.

Yize lokhu kuthembisa ezizukulwaneni ezizayo, abesifazane abadala abacabanga ukuthi bangaba ne-autism basabhekene nezinselelo zokuthola ukuxilongwa nokuthola ukwelashwa.

Kodwa-ke, njengoba ulwazi nge-autism nezinhlobo zalo eziningi lukhula, kanjalo nezinsizakusebenza ezitholakalayo.

I-intanethi ikwenze kwaba lula kunanini ngaphambili ukuxhumana nabanye, ngisho nalabo abaphila nokukhathazeka komphakathi, uphawu olujwayelekile lwe-autism.