Yini i-azotemia kanye nezimpawu eziyinhloko

-Delile

• Izimbangela eziyinhloko
• Izimpawu ze-Azotemia
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Indlela yokwelapha

I-Azotemia ingukuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali okubonakala ngokuba khona kwemikhiqizo ephezulu ye-nitrogen, njenge-urea, i-creatinine, i-uric acid namaprotheni, egazini, ku-serum noma ku-plasma, okungaphazamisa izinga lokuhlunga kwe-glomerular futhi, ngenxa yalokho, kuholele ekuqhubekeni okuqhubekayo futhi mhlawumbe unomphela ezinso.

Lolu shintsho lungaba ngumphumela wanoma isiphi isimo esiphazamisa ukujikeleza kwegazi liye ezinso, njengokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, ukwehla emzimbeni, ukopha noma izicubu zomgudu womchamo, isibonelo. Kubalulekile ukuthi izinga lalezi zinto likhonjwe ngokushesha ukuze udokotela aqale ukwelashwa okufanelekile kwecala.

Izimbangela eziyinhloko

I-Azotemia ingahlukaniswa ngokwesizathu sayo ibe:

1. I-azotemia yangaphambi kwezinso: Ukuqoqwa kwezinto ezingenayo initrogenous kwenzeka ngenxa yezimo ezinciphisa ivolumu yegazi, okuphazamisa ukufika kwegazi ezinso, njengokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, ukomisa amanzi emzimbeni, ukopha, ukudla okunothe ngamaprotheni nokwanda kokuhlushwa kwe-cortisol ngenxa yesifo esithile sesisekelo .
2. I-azotemia yezinso: Kulolu hlobo lwe-azotemia kunqwabelana kwezinto ezinobuthi ngenxa yokwehluleka kwenqubo yokukhishwa kwalezi zinto izinso, okuholela ekwandeni kokuhlushwa kwe-urea ne-creatinine ku-plasma. I-renal azotemia ivame ukwenzeka ngenxa yokwehluleka kwezinso, i-necrosis ye-tubular ne-glomerulonephritis.
3. I-post-renal azotemia: Lolu hlobo lwe-azotemia lubonakala ngokwanda okungalingani kwe-urea maqondana ne-creatinine ngenxa yezinguquko ekugelezeni komchamo noma ukuvinjelwa kwemigwaqo engaphandle, engabangelwa i-nephrolithiasis noma isimila ohlelweni lokuchama, isibonelo.

Ukuba khona kwe-urea ne-creatinine egazini kuvamile, kepha-ke uma kukhona ushintsho ezinso noma oluphazamisa ukujikeleza kwegazi, ukuminyana kwalezi zinto kungakhula ukuze kube nobuthi emzimbeni, okungaholela ekubeni unomphela ukulimala kwezinso.

Izimpawu ze-Azotemia

I-Azotemia ingakhombisa izimpawu ezithile, futhi kulezi zimo, ibizwa nge-uremia. Izimpawu eziyinhloko yilezi:

• Nciphisa umthamo ophelele womchamo;
• Isikhumba esiphaphathekile;
• Umlomo owomile nowomile;
• Ukukhathala ngokweqile;
• Ukuthuthumela;
• Ukuntula ukudla;
• Ubuhlungu besisu.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zimpawu, kungahle kube nobunzima ekugxileni nasekunakekelweni, ukudideka kwengqondo nokushintsha kombala womchamo. Qonda ukuthi yini uremia.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-azotemia kwenziwa ngokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri, ikakhulukazi isilinganiso se-urea ne-creatinine egazini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuhlola amazinga wamaprotheni esewonke kanye ne-uric acid esegazini, ngaphezu kokuhlolwa umchamo amahora angu-24, okuvumela ukuthi umsebenzi wezinso uhlolwe. Thola ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa komchamo kwamahora angama-24.

Indlela yokwelapha

Ukwelashwa kwe-azotemia kuhlose ukunciphisa ukugxila kwamakhemikhali e-nitrogen egazini futhi kunciphise noma yisiphi esinye isibonakaliso esihambisanayo, ukugwema ukulimala unomphela ezinso. Ngakho-ke, ngokusho kwembangela nohlobo lwe-azotemia, i-nephrologist ingakhombisa uhlobo oluhle kakhulu lokwelashwa.

Udokotela angancoma ukuphathwa ngqo emthanjeni wamanzi ukuze akhuphule ivolumu yegazi futhi ngaleyo ndlela anciphise ukugxila kwamakhemikhali e-nitrogen egazini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungahle kunconywe ngudokotela, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezisusa isisu, ezinciphisa ukugxila kwe-potassium egazini noma kuma-antibiotic, uma kungenzeka kube nokutheleleka okungadala i-azotemia.

Kubalulekile ukugcina imikhuba enempilo, ngokuzivocavoca umzimba njalo nokudla okunempilo, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kokudla okunothe nge-potassium namaprotheni, ngaphezu kokukhulisa ukusetshenziswa kwemifino. Yazi ongakudla ukuze uthuthukise ukusebenza kwezinso.