Umhlahlandlela Wokuxilongwa Kokuphazamiseka Kokuphazamiseka Kwengqondo

-Delile

• Okufanele ukwenze ngaphambi kokuxilongwa
• Ukulawula ezinye izimo
• Ukuhlolwa kwezempilo yengqondo
• UMania
• Ukucindezeleka
• Ukuvimbela ukuzibulala
• Ukuphazamiseka kweBipolar I
• Ukuphazamiseka kweBipolar II
• Cyclothymia
• Isifo se-bipolar esisheshayo
• Akucacisiwe ngenye indlela (i-NOS)
• Ukuhlonza ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar ezinganeni
• Ukuxilongwa okungalungile

Ukuhlolwa kwesifo se-bipolar

Abantu abanesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo bahlangabezana nezinguquko ezinqala ezingokomzwelo ezihluke kakhulu kokujwayelekile nokuziphatha kwabo. Lezi zinguquko zithinta izimpilo zabo usuku nosuku.

Ukuhlolelwa ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar akulula njengokuthatha ukuhlolwa kokukhetha okuningi noma ukuthumela igazi kubhu. Ngenkathi ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar kubonisa izimpawu ezihlukile, akukho ukuhlolwa okukodwa okuqinisekisa lesi simo. Imvamisa, inhlanganisela yezindlela isetshenziselwa ukuxilonga.

Okufanele ukwenze ngaphambi kokuxilongwa

Ngaphambi kokuxilongwa kwakho, ungahle uzwe ukuguquka kwemizwelo nemizwelo edidayo. Kungaba nzima ukuyichaza kahle indlela ozizwa ngayo, kodwa kungenzeka wazi ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle.

Izikhathi zokudabuka nokuphelelwa ithemba zingaba namandla. Kungazwakala sengathi uminza ngokuphelelwa yithemba umzuzwana owodwa, bese kuthi kamuva, ube nethemba futhi ugcwale amandla.

Izinkathi eziphansi ezingokomzwelo azivamile ngezikhathi ezithile. Abantu abaningi babhekana nalezi zikhathi ngenxa yengcindezi yansuku zonke. Kodwa-ke, ukuphakama kwemizwelo nokwehla okuhambisana nesifo se-bipolar kungaba kubi ngokwedlulele. Ungaqaphela ushintsho ekuziphatheni kwakho, kepha awunamandla okuzisiza. Abangane nomndeni nabo bangabona ushintsho. Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ze-manic, ungahle ungasiboni isidingo sokuthola usizo kudokotela. Ungazizwa umkhulu futhi ungakuqondi ukukhathazeka kwalabo abaseduze kwakho kuze kuguquke imizwa yakho futhi.

Ungayinaki indlela ozizwa ngayo. Bona udokotela uma izimo ezedlulele ziphazamisa impilo yansuku zonke noma uma uzizwa ufuna ukuzibulala.

Ukulawula ezinye izimo

Uma uhlangabezana nokushintshwa okwedlulele kwemizwelo yakho okuphazamisa inqubo yakho yansuku zonke, kufanele ubone udokotela wakho. Azikho izivivinyo ezithile zegazi noma ukuskena kobuchopho ukuthola isifo se-bipolar. Noma kunjalo, udokotela wakho angenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba nokuhlolwa kwe-lab, kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa komsebenzi we-thyroid nokuhlaziywa komchamo. Lezi zivivinyo zingasiza ekutholeni ukuthi ezinye izimo noma izici zingadala izimpawu zakho.

Ukuhlolwa komsebenzi we-thyroid ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulinganisa ukuthi indlala yakho yegilo isebenza kahle kangakanani. Indlala yegilo ikhiqiza futhi ikhiphe ama-hormone asiza ukulawula ukusebenza okuningi komzimba. Uma umzimba wakho ungatholi ngokwanele i-hormone yegilo, eyaziwa njenge-hypothyroidism, ubuchopho bakho bungase busebenze kahle. Ngenxa yalokho, ungaba nezinkinga ngezimpawu zokudangala noma ube nenkinga yokuguquguquka kwemizwelo.

Kwesinye isikhathi, izinkinga ezithile ze-thyroid zidala izimpawu ezifana nalezo ze-bipolar disorder. Izimpawu zingaphinde zibe nomphumela oseceleni wemithi. Ngemuva kokuthi kukhishwe ezinye izimbangela, udokotela wakho uzokudlulisela kuchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo.

Ukuhlolwa kwezempilo yengqondo

Udokotela wezifo zengqondo noma isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo uzokubuza imibuzo ukuze ahlole impilo yakho yengqondo isiyonke. Ukuhlolelwa ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar kufaka imibuzo mayelana nezimpawu: zenzeke isikhathi esingakanani, nokuthi zingaphazamisa kanjani impilo yakho. Uchwepheshe uzokubuza nangezinto ezithile ezinobungozi zokuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar. Lokhu kufaka imibuzo emayelana nomlando wezokwelapha womndeni kanye nanoma imuphi umlando wokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa.

Isifo se-bipolar yisimo sempilo yengqondo esaziwa ngezikhathi zaso zombili imania nokudangala. Ukuxilongwa kwesifo se-bipolar kudinga okungenani isiqephu esisodwa sokudangala nesinye se-manic noma se-hypomanic. Uchwepheshe wakho wezempilo yengqondo uzokubuza ngemicabango nemizwa yakho ngesikhathi nangemva kwalezi ziqephu. Bazofuna ukwazi ukuthi uzizwa ulawula ngesikhathi se-mania nokuthi iziqephu zihlala isikhathi esingakanani. Bangacela imvume yakho ukubuza abangani nomndeni ngokuziphatha kwakho. Noma yikuphi ukuxilongwa kuzocabangela ezinye izici zomlando wakho wezokwelapha nemithi oyithathile.

Ukuze kube ngqo ngokuxilongwa, odokotela basebenzisa iDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). I-DSM inikeza incazelo yezobuchwepheshe nenemininingwane yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo. Nakhu ukuphazamiseka kweminye yemigomo nezimpawu ezisetshenzisiwe ukuxilonga lesi simo.

UMania

Umdlandla “uyisikhathi esihlukile semizwa ephakeme futhi ephikelelayo, ebanzi, noma ecasulayo.” Isiqephu kufanele sithathe okungenani isonto. Isimo kufanele okungenani sibe nalezi zimpawu ezintathu ezilandelayo:

• ukuzethemba okuphezulu
• isidingo esincane sokulala
• ukukhuphuka kwesilinganiso senkulumo (ukukhuluma ngokushesha)
• ukundiza kwemibono
• ukuphazamiseka kalula
• intshisekelo eyengeziwe yemigomo noma imisebenzi
• ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo (ukuhamba kancane, ukusonga isandla, njll.)
• ukuphishekelwa okwandayo kwemisebenzi enobungozi obukhulu bengozi

Ukucindezeleka

I-DSM ithi isiqephu esikhulu sokucindezeleka kufanele okungenani sibe nalezi zimpawu ezine ezilandelayo. Kufanele zibe zintsha noma zibe zimbi ngokungazelelwe, futhi kufanele zihlale okungenani amasonto amabili:

• izinguquko kokudla noma isisindo, ukulala, noma umsebenzi we-psychomotor
• amandla anciphile
• imizwa yokungabi yilutho noma yecala
• kunzima ukucabanga, ukugxila, noma ukwenza izinqumo
• imicabango yokufa noma izinhlelo zokuzibulala noma imizamo

Ukuvimbela ukuzibulala

Uma ucabanga ukuthi othile usengozini ngokushesha yokuzilimaza noma ukulimaza omunye umuntu:

• Shayela ku-911 noma inombolo yakho ephuthumayo yasendaweni.
• Hlala nalo muntu kuze kufike usizo.
• Susa noma yiziphi izibhamu, imimese, imishanguzo, noma ezinye izinto ezingadala ingozi.
• Lalela, kodwa ungahluleli, uphikise, usongele, noma umemeze.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi othile ucabanga ukuzibulala, noma kunjalo, thola usizo enhlekeleleni noma ku-hotline yokuvikela ukuzibulala. Zama i-National Suicide Prevention Lifeline ku-800-273-8255.

Ukuphazamiseka kweBipolar I

I-Bipolar I disorder ihlanganisa isiqephu esisodwa noma eziningi ze-manic noma iziqephu ezixubekile (ze-manic and depress) futhi zingafaka isiqephu esikhulu sokucindezeleka. Iziqephu azibangelwa isimo sezokwelapha noma ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa.

Ukuphazamiseka kweBipolar II

Isifo seBipolar II sinesinye seziqephu zokucindezeleka ezinkulu noma ezinzima ngesiqephu okungenani esisodwa se-hypomanic. I-Hypomania iyindlela encane ye-mania. Azikho iziqephu ze-manic, kepha lowo muntu angahlangabezana nesiqephu esihlanganisiwe.

I-bipolar II ayiphazamisi ikhono lakho lokusebenza njengokuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar I. Izimpawu kusamele zibangele ukucindezeleka okukhulu noma izinkinga emsebenzini, esikoleni, noma ebudlelwaneni. Kuvamile ngalabo abanesifo se-bipolar II ukungazikhumbuli iziqephu zabo ze-hypomanic.

Cyclothymia

I-Cyclothymia ibonakala ngokushintsha ukudangala kwezinga eliphansi kanye nezikhathi ze-hypomania. Izimpawu kumele zibe khona okungenani iminyaka emibili kubantu abadala noma unyaka owodwa ezinganeni ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe ukuxilongwa. Abantu abadala banezikhathi ezingenazimpawu ezihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezimbili. Izingane nentsha banezikhathi ezingenazimpawu ezihlala cishe inyanga kuphela.

Isifo se-bipolar esisheshayo

Lesi sigaba siyindlela ebucayi yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo. Kwenzeka lapho umuntu okungenani eneziqephu ezine zokucindezeleka okukhulu, i-mania, i-hypomania, noma izifundazwe ezixubekile kungakapheli unyaka. Ukuhamba ngebhayisikili okusheshayo kuthinta.

Akucacisiwe ngenye indlela (i-NOS)

Lesi sigaba esenzelwe izimpawu zesifo se-bipolar ezingalingani kahle kwezinye izinhlobo. I-NOS itholakala lapho izimpawu eziningi zesifo se-bipolar zikhona kepha azanele ukuhlangabezana nelebuli yanoma yimaphi amanye ama-subtypes. Lesi sigaba singafaka nezinguquko zemizwa ezisheshayo ezingahlali isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukuba zibe iziqephu zomuntu weqiniso noma zokucindezeleka. I-Bipolar disorder NOS ifaka iziqephu eziningi ze-hypomanic ngaphandle kwesiqephu esikhulu sokucindezeleka.

Ukuhlonza ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar ezinganeni

Isifo se-bipolar akuyona inkinga yabantu abadala kuphela, singenzeka nasezinganeni. Ukuthola isifo se-bipolar ezinganeni kungaba nzima ngoba izimpawu zalesi sifo kwesinye isikhathi zingalingisa lezo zokunaka-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Uma ingane yakho ilashelwa i-ADHD futhi izimpawu zayo zingakathuthuki, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokwenzeka kokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo. Izimpawu zesifo se-bipolar ezinganeni zingabandakanya:

• ukuphuthuma
• ukucasuka
• ulaka (mania)
• ukukhathazeka ngokweqile
• ukuqhuma okungokomzwelo
• izikhathi zokudabuka

Indlela yokuthola isifo se-bipolar ezinganeni iyefana nokuthola isimo kubantu abadala. Akukho ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kokuxilongwa, ngakho-ke udokotela wakho angakubuza uchungechunge lwemibuzo mayelana nomoya wengane yakho, iphethini yokulala, nokuziphatha.

Isibonelo, ingane yakho iba nokuqubuka okungakanani ngokomzwelo? Ingabe ingane yakho ilala amahora amangaki ngosuku? Ingane yakho iba nezikhathi zokuhlukunyezwa nokucasulwa kangaki? Uma indlela yokuziphatha nengqondo yengane yakho kungokwe-episodic, udokotela wakho angenza ukuxilongwa kwesifo se-bipolar.

Udokotela futhi angabuza ngomlando womndeni wakho wokucindezeleka noma i-bipolar disorder, kanye nokuhlola ukusebenza kwengane yakho yegilo ukukhipha i-thyroid engasebenzi.

Ukuxilongwa okungalungile

Isifo se-bipolar sivame ukungaqondakali kahle lapho sisekuqaleni, okuvame ukuba phakathi neminyaka yobusha. Lapho kutholakala ukuthi kungenye into, izimpawu zesifo se-bipolar zingaba zimbi kakhulu. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngoba kunikezwa ukwelashwa okungafanele.

Ezinye izinto zokungaqondisisi kahle ukungahambelani kumugqa wesikhathi weziqephu nokuziphatha. Iningi labantu alifuni ukwelashwa lize lithole isiqephu sokucindezeleka.

Ngokuya ngocwaningo lwango-2006 olushicilelwe ku, cishe amaphesenti angama-69 awo wonke amacala atholakala ngokungafanele. Ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zalezo azitholakali kahle iminyaka eyishumi noma ngaphezulu.

Isimo sabelana ngezimpawu eziningi ezihambisana nokunye ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Isifo se-bipolar sivame ukungaqondwa kahle njenge-unipolar (enkulu) ukudangala, ukukhathazeka, i-OCD, i-ADHD, ukuphazamiseka kokudla, noma ukuphazamiseka kobuntu. Ezinye zezinto ezingasiza odokotela ekutholeni kahle ulwazi oluqinile lomlando womndeni, iziqephu eziphindaphindayo zokucindezeleka, kanye nohlu lwemibuzo mayelana nokuphazamiseka kwemizwelo.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho uma ukholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo noma esinye isimo sempilo yengqondo.