Ingabe Amehlo Wezingane Ashintsha Nini Umbala?

-Delile

• Ngabe amehlo omntwana ashintsha nini umbala?
• Ngabe i-melanin ihlobene kanjani nombala wamehlo?
• Izakhi zofuzo zibamba iqhaza kanjani kumbala wamehlo
• Ezinye izizathu zamehlo engane yakho zishintsha imibala
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

Kungumqondo omuhle ukuzibamba ekuthengeni ingubo ekhangayo efana nombala wamehlo wengane yakho - okungenani kuze kube yilapho ingane yakho ifinyelela usuku lwayo lokuzalwa lokuqala.

Lokho kungenxa yokuthi amehlo ogqolozele kuwo lapho uzalwa angabukeka ehluke kancani ezinyangeni ezi-3, 6, 9, ngisho nezinyanga eziyi-12 ubudala.

Ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokuthi unamathele kakhulu kulawo mehlo aluhlaza anezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala, yazi nje ukuthi ezinye izingane zizohlangabezana nezinguquko ezifika onyakeni owodwa ubudala. Umbala wamehlo abanye abancane uqhubeka nokushintsha ama-hues baze babe neminyaka emithathu ubudala.

Ngabe amehlo omntwana ashintsha nini umbala?

Usuku lwakho lokuzalwa lokuqala lomntwana luyingqophamlando ebalulekile, ikakhulukazi uma bengena ngekhekhe okokuqala ngqa. Kodwa futhi kumayelana nobudala ongathi ngokuphepha umbala wamehlo wengane yakho usethiwe.

"Ngokuvamile, amehlo engane angashintsha umbala phakathi nonyaka wokuqala wokuphila," kusho uBenjamin Bert, MD, udokotela wezifo zamehlo e-Memorial Care Orange Coast Medical Center.

Kodwa-ke, uDaniel Ganjian, MD, udokotela wezingane e-Providence Saint John's Health Centre, uthi izinguquko eziphawuleka kakhulu embala zenzeka phakathi kwezinyanga ezintathu kuya kwezi-6.

Kodwa i-hue oyibona ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kungenzeka ukuthi isengumsebenzi oqhubekayo - okusho ukuthi kufanele ulinde izinyanga ezimbalwa (noma ngaphezulu) ngaphambi kokugcwalisa isigaba sombala wamehlo sencwadi yengane.

Yize ungeke ukwazi ukubikezela iminyaka eqondile umbala wamehlo wengane yakho ozohlala unomphela, i-American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) ithi izingane eziningi zinombala wamehlo ozohlala isikhathi sokuphila kwazo lapho sezinezinyanga ezi-9 ubudala. Noma kunjalo, ezinye can kuthatha iminyaka emi-3 ukuhlala kumbala wamehlo unomphela.

Futhi uma kukhulunywa ngombala wamehlo engane yakho azothatha, izingqinamba zibekwa zivuna amehlo ansundu. I-AAO ithi uhhafu wabo bonke abantu e-United States unamehlo ansundu.

Ngokuqondile, ucwaningo luka-2016 olubandakanya izingane ezingu-192 ezisanda kuzalwa lwathola ukuthi ukwanda kokuzalwa kombala we-iris kwakungu:

• Ama-63% ansundu
• 20.8% okwesibhakabhaka
• 5.7% oluhlaza / i-hazel
• U-9.9% awuqinisekisiwe
• I-heterochromia engaphelele engu-0.5% (ukuhlukahluka kombala)

Abaphenyi baphinde bathola ukuthi kunezinsana ezimhlophe kakhulu / zaseCaucasus ezinamehlo aluhlaza kanye nabaningi base-Asia, amaNative Hawaiian / Pacific Islander, kanye nezinsana zaseMnyama / zaseMelika ezinamehlo ansundu.

Manje njengoba usuqonda kangcono ukuthi iso lengane yakho lingashintsha umbala (futhi lihlale unomphela), ungahle uzibuze ukuthi kwenzekani ngemuva kwezigcawu ukwenza lolu shintsho lwenzeke.

Ngabe i-melanin ihlobene kanjani nombala wamehlo?

I-Melanin, uhlobo lwe-pigment elenza izinwele zakho nombala wesikhumba, nayo ibamba iqhaza kumbala we-iris.

Ngenkathi amehlo engane ethile eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma mpunga lapho izalwa, njengoba isifundo esingenhla siphawulile, amaningi ansundu zisuka.

Njengoba ama-melanocyte ku-iris esabela ekukhanyeni nasekukhipheni i-melanin, i-American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) ithi umbala we-irises yengane uzoqala ukushintsha.

Amehlo angumthunzi omnyama kusukela ekuzalweni ajwayele ukuhlala amnyama, kanti amanye amehlo aqala umthunzi okhanyayo nawo azobamnyama njengoba ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin kukhuphuka.

Lokhu kwenzeka ngaphezulu konyaka wabo wokuqala wokuphila, ngokushintsha kombala kuncipha ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha. Inani elincane le-melanin liphumela emehlweni aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kepha khulisa uketshezi futhi ingane ingagcina ngamehlo aluhlaza noma ama-hazel.

Uma ingane yakho inamehlo ansundu, ungabonga ama-melanocyte asebenza kanzima ngokufihla i-melanin eningi ukukhiqiza umbala omnyama.

"Yizihlakala ze-melanin ezifakwe ku-iris yethu ezisinika umbala wamehlo ethu," kusho uBert. Futhi uma une-melanin eyengeziwe, amehlo akho aba mnyama.

Uyachaza: “Empeleni umbala unombala onsundu ngokubukeka, kodwa inani elikhona ku-iris lingakhomba ukuthi unamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, aluhlaza, ama-hazel noma ansundu.

Lokho kusho, uBert uveza ukuthi ngisho nethuba lokushintsha umbala kwamehlo kuncike enanini le-pigment abaqala ngayo.

Izakhi zofuzo zibamba iqhaza kanjani kumbala wamehlo

Ungabonga izakhi zofuzo ngombala wamehlo wengane yakho. Okungukuthi, izakhi zofuzo ezinikelwa ngabazali bobabili.

Kepha ngaphambi kokuthi uye phezulu uzibhanqa ngokudlulisa amehlo akho ansundu, kufanele wazi ukuthi akusona isakhi sofuzo esisodwa esinquma umbala wamehlo wengane yakho. Yizakhi zofuzo eziningi ezisebenza ngokubambisana.

Eqinisweni, i-AAO ithi kungafakwa izakhi zofuzo ezahlukahlukene eziwu-16, kanti izakhi zofuzo ezivame kakhulu kube yi-OCA2 ne-HERC2. Ezinye izakhi zofuzo zingabhangqa nalezi zofuzo ezimbili futhi zenze ukuqhubeka kwemibala yamehlo kubantu abahlukene, ngokusho kweGenetics Home Reference.

Yize kungavamile, yingakho izingane zakho zingaba namehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yize wena nomlingani wakho ninsundu.

Kungenzeka ukuthi, abazali ababili abanamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka bayoba nengane enamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, njengabazali ababili abanamehlo ansundu kungenzeka babe nengane enamehlo ansundu.

Kepha uma bobabili abazali benamehlo ansundu, kanti ugogo noma umkhulu unamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukwandisa amathuba okuba nengane enamehlo aluhlaza, ngokusho kwe-AAP. Uma omunye umzali enamehlo aluhlaza kanti omunye unombala onsundu, kuwukugembula ngombala wamehlo engane.

Ezinye izizathu zamehlo engane yakho zishintsha imibala

"Esinye isifo samehlo singathinta umbala uma sihilela iris, okuyindandatho yemisipha ezungeze umfundi elawula ukungena kwenkontileka komfundi nokuhlakazeka lapho sisuka [ebumnyameni] siye endaweni ekhanyayo, futhi okuphambene nalokho," kusho uKatherine Williamson, MD, I-FAAP.

Izibonelo zalezi zifo zamehlo zifaka:

• i-albinism, lapho amehlo, isikhumba, noma izinwele zinombala omncane noma zingenawo nhlobo
• i-aniridia, ukungabikho okuphelele noma okuyingxenye ye-iris, ngakho-ke uzobona umbala omncane noma awukho nhlobo futhi, esikhundleni salokho, umfundi omkhulu noma ongekho kahle

Ezinye izifo zamehlo azibonakali, noma kunjalo, njengobumpumputhe bombala noma i-glaucoma.

I-Heterochromia, ebonakala nge-irises engafani nombala kumuntu ofanayo, ingenzeka:

• ngesikhathi sokuzalwa ngenxa yezakhi zofuzo
• ngenxa yesinye isimo
• ngenxa yenkinga ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwamehlo
• ngenxa yokulimala noma ukuhlukumezeka kweso

Ngenkathi zonke izingane zikhula ngamazinga ahlukene, ochwepheshe bathi uma ubona imibala yamehlo ehlukene emibili noma ukukhanya kombala wamehlo ngezinyanga eziyisithupha noma eziyisi-7 ubudala, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuxhumana nodokotela wezingane wakho.

Ukudla okudlela endlini

Ingane yakho izobhekana nezinguquko eziningi phakathi nonyaka wayo wokuqala wokuphila. Ezinye zalezi zinguquko ungahle ube nezwi kuzo, kanti ezinye zingaphandle kolawulo lwakho ngokuphelele.

Ngaphandle kokunikela ngezakhi zakho zofuzo, akukho okuningi ongakwenza ukuthonya umbala wamehlo engane yakho.

Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi ungahle ube ne-rooting ye "baby blues" noma "intombazane enamehlo ansundu," kungcono ukuthi unganamatheli kakhulu kumbala wamehlo wengane yakho kuze kube ngemuva kosuku lwabo lokuqala lokuzalwa.