Ithumba leBongo

-Delile

• Yiziphi izinto eziyingozi?
• Ziyini izimpawu zethumba lobuchopho?
• Litholwa kanjani ithumba lobuchopho?
• Yini ukwelashwa kwethumba lobuchopho?
• Kungavinjelwa ithumba lobuchopho?

Ukubuka konke

Ithumba ebuchosheni bomuntu onempilo ngenye indlela libangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane. Amathumba obuchopho bokungunda avame ukuvela kubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka. Ukutheleleka kuzobangela ukuthi ubuchopho bakho buvuvukale buqoqwe ubomvu namaseli afile akha.

Ithumba lobuchopho livela lapho isikhunta, amagciwane, noma amabhaktheriya efinyelela ebuchosheni bakho ngenxeba ekhanda lakho noma ukutheleleka kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho. Ngokwe-Children’s Hospital yaseWisconsin, ukutheleleka okuvela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba kubanga amaphesenti aphakathi kuka-20 no-50 wawo wonke amacala ethumba ebuchosheni. Ukutheleleka kwenhliziyo namaphaphu kungezinye zezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zamathumba obuchopho. Kodwa-ke, amathumba obuchopho nawo angaqala kusuka endlebeni noma ekungenweni yisinus, noma ngisho nakwizinyo elinezithumba.

Bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma ucabanga ukuthi ungaba nethumba lobuchopho. Uzodinga ukwelashwa okufanele ukuvimbela noma yikuphi ukulimala kobuchopho ekuvuvukeni.

Yiziphi izinto eziyingozi?

Cishe noma ngubani angathola ithumba lobuchopho, kepha amaqembu athile abantu asengozini enkulu kunamanye. Ezinye izifo, ukuphazamiseka, nezimo eziphakamisa ubungozi bakho zifaka:

• amasosha omzimba ayekelele ngenxa ye-HIV noma i-AIDS
• umdlavuza nezinye izifo ezingalapheki
• isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso
• ukulimala okukhulu ekhanda noma ukuphuka kogebhezi
• meningitis
• izidakamizwa zokuzivikela ezifweni, njengalezo ezisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
• isifo esingalapheki sesono noma sokuphakathi kwendlebe

Ukukhubazeka okuthile kokuzalwa kuvumela izifo ukuthi zifinyelele ebuchosheni kalula ngamazinyo namathumbu. Isibonelo esisodwa salokhu yi-tetralogy of Fallot, okuyinkinga yenhliziyo.

Ziyini izimpawu zethumba lobuchopho?

Izimpawu zivame ukukhula kancane emasontweni ambalwa, kepha futhi zingavela ngokuzumayo. Izimpawu okufanele uzibuke yilezi:

• umehluko ezinqubweni zengqondo, njengokunyuka kokudideka, ukwehla kokuphendula, nokucasula
• ukwehla kwenkulumo
• ukuncipha kwemizwa
• ukuncipha kokunyakaza ngenxa yokulahleka kwemisipha
• izinguquko embonweni
• izinguquko ebuntwini noma ekuziphatheni
• ukuhlanza
• imfiva
• Ukugodola
• ukuqina kwentamo, ikakhulukazi lapho kwenzeka ngemfiva nokugodola
• ukuzwela ekukhanyeni

Ezinganeni nasezinganeni ezisencane, iningi lezimpawu liyafana. Kodwa-ke, ingane yakho ingakhombisa ezinye izimpawu zethumba lobuchopho. Indawo ethambile ephezulu ekhanda lengane yakho, ebizwa nge-fontanelle, ingahle ivuvuke noma iqhume. Ezinye izimpawu enganeni yakho zingabandakanya:

• ukuhlanza kweprojektha
• ukukhala okuphezulu
• ukuqina ezithweni

Litholwa kanjani ithumba lobuchopho?

Eziningi zalezi zimpawu zifana nezinye izifo noma izinkinga zempilo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uthuthukisa noma yiziphi izimpawu. Cishe uzodinga ukuhlolwa kwezinzwa. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungembula noma yikuphi ukucindezela okwandayo ngaphakathi kobuchopho, okungenzeka ngokuvuvukala. Ukuskena kwe-CT ne-MRI kungasetshenziswa futhi ukuthola ithumba lobuchopho.

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angadinga ukwenza i-lumbar puncture, noma umpompi womgogodla. Lokhu kuhilela ukususwa kwenani elincane lomgogodla womgogodla ukuze kuhlolwe noma yiziphi izinkinga ngaphandle kwesifo. Ukubhoboza i-lumbar ngeke kwenziwe uma kusolwa ukuvuvukala okuthile kobuchopho, ngoba kungadala ingcindezi ngaphakathi ekhanda okwesikhashana. Lokhu ukuvikela ubungozi be-hematoma yobuchopho, noma umthambo wegazi oqhekekile ebuchosheni.

Yini ukwelashwa kwethumba lobuchopho?

Ithumba lobuchopho yisimo esibi sezokwelapha. Ukuhlala esibhedlela kuzodingeka. Ingcindezi ngenxa yokuvuvukala ebuchosheni ingaholela ekulimaleni unomphela kobuchopho.

Uma ithumba lakho lijule ngaphakathi ebuchosheni bakho noma lingamasentimitha angu-2,5 noma ngaphansi, cishe lizolashwa ngama-antibiotic. Imithi elwa namagciwane izosetshenziselwa ukwelapha noma yikuphi ukutheleleka okuyisisekelo okungenzeka kube yimbangela yethumba lobuchopho. Imithi elwa namagciwane ebanzi ebulala izinhlobonhlobo zamagciwane ahlukene yiyona ebekwa kakhulu. Ungadinga izinhlobo ezingaphezu kweyodwa zama-antibiotic.

Ukuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kuyisinyathelo esilandelayo uma ithumba linganciphi ngokusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic. Kungaba futhi ukwelashwa okuncamelayo kwamathumba okungaphezu kwamasentimitha angu-2,5 ububanzi.Ukususa ithumba ngokuhlukumezayo kuvame ukufaka ukuvuvukala kogebhezi nokukhipha ithumba. Uketshezi olususwayo luvamise ukuthunyelwa ebhodini ukuze kutholakale imbangela yokutheleleka. Ukwazi imbangela yokutheleleka kuzosiza udokotela wakho ukuthola ama-antibiotic asebenza kahle kakhulu. Ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka futhi uma ama-antibiotic engasebenzi, ukuze umzimba obangela ithumba uzimisele ukusiza ukuhola ukwelashwa okuphumelela kakhulu.

Ukuhlinzwa kufanele kwenziwe ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu lapho ithumba libangela ukwanda kwengcindezi ebuchosheni. Udokotela wakho angancoma ukuhlinzwa njengendlela engcono kakhulu ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• Ithumba lakho lobuchopho lisengozini yokudabuka ngaphakathi kogebhezi lwakho.
• Ithumba lakho lobuchopho liqukethe ugesi kwesinye isikhathi okhiqizwa ngamagciwane.

Kungavinjelwa ithumba lobuchopho?

Ithumba lobuchopho yisimo esibi sezokwelapha. Ukuvikela kubalulekile. Unganciphisa ingozi yakho ngokuqapha noma yiziphi izimo ezingadala ithumba lobuchopho. Shayela udokotela wakho kusibonakaliso sokuqala sethumba lobuchopho.

Uma unanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo senhliziyo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuba ube nezinqubo zamazinyo noma zomchamo. Udokotela wakho angakunika ama-antibiotic ongawathatha ngaphambi kwalezi zinqubo. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ubungozi bokutheleleka okungadlulela ebuchosheni bakho.