Umdlavuza Webele

-Delile

• Isifinyezo
• Uyini umdlavuza webele?
• Yiziphi izinhlobo zomdlavuza webele?
• Yini ebangela umdlavuza webele?
• Ngubani osengozini yomdlavuza webele?
• Ziyini izimpawu nezimpawu zomdlavuza webele?
• Utholakala kanjani umdlavuza webele?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza webele?
• Ingabe umdlavuza webele ungavinjelwa?

Isifinyezo

Uyini umdlavuza webele?

Umdlavuza webele umdlavuza oqala ezicutshini zamabele. Kwenzeka lapho amaseli esifubeni eguquka futhi ekhula ngaphandle kokulawulwa. Amaseli ngokuvamile akha isimila.

Kwesinye isikhathi umdlavuza awusabalali kakhulu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "in situ." Uma umdlavuza usakazeka ngaphandle kwebele, umdlavuza ubizwa ngokuthi "uyahlasela." Kungasakazeka nje ezicutshini eziseduze nakuma-lymph node. Noma umdlavuza ungasakazeka (usakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba) ngohlelo lwe-lymph noma ngegazi.

Umdlavuza webele wuhlobo lwesibili lomdlavuza oluvame kakhulu kwabesifazane e-United States. Kukaningi kungathinta nabesilisa.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zomdlavuza webele?

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zomdlavuza webele. Izinhlobo zisuselwa kumangqamuzana amabele aphenduka umdlavuza. Izinhlobo zifaka phakathi

• I-Ductal carcinoma, eqala kumaseli wamapayipi. Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu.
• I-Lobular carcinoma, eqala kuma-lobules. Kuvame ukutholakala kuwo womabili amabele kunezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza webele.
• Umdlavuza webele ovuthayo, lapho amangqamuzana omdlavuza avimba imithambo enesikhumba esikhunjeni sesifuba. Isifuba siyafudumala, sibomvu, bese siyavuvukala. Lolu uhlobo olungajwayelekile.
• Isifo sikaPaget sesifuba, okuwumdlavuza ofaka isikhumba sengono. Imvamisa kuthinta isikhumba esimnyama esizungeze ingono. Kuyivelakancane futhi.

Yini ebangela umdlavuza webele?

Umdlavuza webele wenzeka uma kuba nezinguquko ezintweni zofuzo (i-DNA). Imvamisa, imbangela ngqo yalezi zinguquko zofuzo ayaziwa.

Kepha kwesinye isikhathi lezi zinguquko zofuzo zitholwa njengefa, okusho ukuthi uzalwa nazo. Umdlavuza webele obangelwa ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo obizwa ngefa ubizwa ngokuthi umdlavuza webele owofuzo.

Kukhona nezinguquko ezithile zofuzo ezingakhuphula ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza webele, kufaka phakathi izinguquko ezibizwa nge-BRCA1 ne-BRCA2. Lezi zinguquko ezimbili ziphinde zenyuse ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza we-ovari namanye.

Ngaphandle kofuzo, indlela ophila ngayo kanye nemvelo kungathinta ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza webele.

Ngubani osengozini yomdlavuza webele?

Izici ezikhuphula ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza webele zifaka phakathi

• Ukuguga
• Umlando womdlavuza webele noma we-benign (noncancer) isifo sesifuba
• Ubungozi obuzuze ifa lomdlavuza webele, kufaka phakathi ukushintshwa kwezakhi zofuzo ze-BRCA1 ne-BRCA2
• Izicubu zamabele eziminyene
• Umlando wokuzala oholela ekuvezeni okuningi i-hormone ye-estrogen, kufaka phakathi
  • Ukuya esikhathini usemncane
  • Ukuba semdala ngenkathi uqala ukubeletha noma ungakaze ubelethe
  • Ukuqala ukuya esikhathini esikhathini esizayo
• Ukuthatha ukwelashwa kwe-hormone ngezimpawu zokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe esifubeni noma esifubeni
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• Ukuphuza utshwala

Ziyini izimpawu nezimpawu zomdlavuza webele?

Izimpawu nezimpawu zomdlavuza webele zifaka phakathi

• Isigaxa esisha noma ukuqina esifubeni noma eduze kwaso noma ekhwapheni
• Ushintsho kusayizi noma ekubunjweni kwebele
• I-dimple noma i-puckering esikhunjeni sebele. Kungabukeka njengesikhumba se-orange.
• Ingono iphendukele ngaphakathi esifubeni
• Ukukhishwa kwengono ngaphandle kobisi lwebele. Ukukhishwa kungenzeka ngokuzumayo, kube negazi, noma kwenzeke ebeleni elilodwa kuphela.
• Isikhumba esibomvu, esibomvu, noma esivuvukile endaweni yengono noma esifubeni
• Ubuhlungu kunoma iyiphi indawo yebele

Utholakala kanjani umdlavuza webele?

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angasebenzisa amathuluzi amaningi ukuthola umdlavuza webele bese uthola ukuthi unhloboni:

• Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kwemithi yomtholampilo (i-CBE). Lokhu kufaka ukubheka noma yiziphi izigaxa noma yini enye ebonakala ingajwayelekile ngamabele nasemakhwapheni.
• Umlando wezokwelapha
• Ukuhlola ukuhlolwa, okufana ne-mammogram, i-ultrasound, noma i-MRI
• Ukuxilongwa kwesifuba
• Ukuhlolwa kwamakhemikhali egazi, alinganisa izinto ezahlukahlukene egazini, kufaka phakathi ama-electrolyte, amafutha, amaprotheni, ishukela (ushukela), nama-enzyme Ezinye zezivivinyo ezithile zamakhemikhali egazi zifaka iphaneli eyisisekelo ye-metabolic (BMP), iphaneli ye-metabolic ephelele (i-CMP), nephaneli ye-electrolyte.

Uma lokhu kuhlolwa kukhombisa ukuthi unomdlavuza webele, uzoba nokuhlolwa okuhlola amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lezi zivivinyo zisiza umhlinzeki wakho anqume ukuthi imuphi umuthi ongakulungela kangcono. Ukuhlolwa kungafaka

• Ukuhlolwa kofuzo kwezinguquko zofuzo ezifana ne-BRCA ne-TP53
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-HER2. I-HER2 yiprotheni ebandakanyeka ekukhuleni kwamaseli. Ingaphandle kwawo wonke amangqamuzana amabele. Uma amangqamuzana akho omdlavuza webele ene-HER2 eningi kunokujwayelekile, angakhula ngokushesha okukhulu futhi asakaze kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-estrogen ne-progesterone receptor. Lokhu kuhlolwa kukala inani le-estrogen ne-progesterone (hormone) receptors ezicutshini zomdlavuza. Uma kukhona ama-receptors amaningi kunokujwayelekile, umdlavuza ubizwa nge-estrogen kanye / noma i-progesterone receptor positive. Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza webele lungakhula ngokushesha okukhulu.

Esinye isinyathelo ukusungula umdlavuza. Isiteji sihilela ukwenza izivivinyo ukuthola ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele ngaphakathi kwesifuba noma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Ukuhlolwa kungafaka okunye ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging diagnostic kanye ne-sentinel lymph node biopsy. Le biopsy yenziwa ukubona ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalalile yini kuma-lymph node.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza webele?

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele kufaka phakathi

• Ukuhlinzwa okufana ne-
  • I-mastectomy, esusa lonke ibele
  • I-lumpectomy yokususa umdlavuza nezicubu ezithile ezijwayelekile ezizungezile, kodwa hhayi isifuba uqobo
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
• Ukwelashwa kweHormone, okuvimba amangqamuzana omdlavuza ekutholeni ama-hormone awadingayo ukuze akhule
• Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe, okusebenzisa izidakamizwa noma ezinye izinto ezihlasela amangqamuzana athile omdlavuza ngokulimaza okuncane kumaseli ajwayelekile
• I-Immunotherapy

Ingabe umdlavuza webele ungavinjelwa?

Ungahle ukwazi ukusiza ukuvimbela umdlavuza webele ngokwenza izinguquko zokuphila ngendlela enempilo njenge

• Ukuhlala esisindweni esinempilo
• Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala
• Ukuzivocavoca ngokwanele
• Kukhawulela ukuvezwa kwakho ku-estrogen nge
  • Ukuncelisa izingane zakho ibele uma ungakwazi
  • Imikhawulo yokwelashwa kwehomoni

Uma usengozini enkulu, umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angasikisela ukuthi uthathe imithi ethile ukwehlisa ubungozi. Abanye besifazane abasengozini enkulu kakhulu banganquma ukuthola i-mastectomy (yamabele abo anempilo) ukuvimbela umdlavuza webele.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuthola ama-mammograms avamile. Bangase bakwazi ukukhomba umdlavuza webele ezigabeni zokuqala, lapho kulula ukuselapha.

I-NIH: Isikhungo Somdlavuza Kazwelonke

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• Umdlavuza Webele: Okudingeka Ukwazi
• UCheryll Plunkett Akalokothi Ayeke Ukulwa
• Isivivinyo Somtholampilo Sinikeza Isiguli Somdlavuza Webele Ithuba Lesibili
• Kutholwe Lapho Ukhulelwe: Indaba Yomdlavuza Webele Womama Omncane
• Ukuthuthukisa imiphumela yabesifazane base-Afrika baseMelika abanomdlavuza webele
• I-NIH Yomdlavuza Webele Ucwaningo Roundup
• Amaqiniso asheshayo kumdlavuza webele we-Metastatic