I-Cachexia

-Delile

• Ukubuka konke
• Izigaba ze-cachexia
• I-Cachexia nomdlavuza
• Izimbangela nezimo ezihambisanayo
• Izimpawu
• Izinketho zokwelashwa
• Izinkinga
• Umbono

Ukubuka konke

I-Cachexia (ibizwa kuh-KEK-see-uh) yisifo "esimoshayo" esidala ukwehla kwesisindo ngokweqile nokumosha imisipha, futhi singafaka ukulahleka kwamafutha omzimba. Lesi sifo sithinta abantu abasezigabeni zakamuva zezifo ezinzima ezifana nomdlavuza, i-HIV noma i-AIDS, i-COPD, isifo sezinso, kanye nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo okucinana (CHF).

Igama elithi “cachexia” livela egameni lesiGreki elithi “kakos” nelithi “hexis,” okusho ukuthi “isimo esibi.”

Umehluko phakathi kwe-cachexia nezinye izinhlobo zokwehlisa isisindo ukuthi awunankinga. Abantu abayisungulayo abalahli isisindo ngoba bazama ukunciphisa ngokudla noma ngokuzivocavoca umzimba. Bancipha ngoba badla kancane ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuguquguquka kwemetabolism yabo, okwenza umzimba wabo wehle imisipha eminingi. Kokubili ukuvuvukala nezinto ezidalwe izicubu kungathinta isifiso sokudla futhi kubangele umzimba ukuthi ushise amakhalori ngokushesha kunokujwayelekile.

Abaphenyi bakholelwa ukuthi i-cachexia iyingxenye yokuphendula komzimba ekulweni nezifo. Ukuthola amandla amaningi okubhebhezela ubuchopho lapho izitolo ezinomsoco ziphansi, umzimba wephula imisipha namafutha.

Umuntu one-cachexia akavele anciphise isisindo. Babuthakathaka futhi babuthakathaka kangangokuthi umzimba wabo uba sengozini yokutheleleka, okubenza babe sethubeni lokufa besesimweni sabo. Ukuthola nje umsoco omningi noma ama-calories akwanele ukubuyisela emuva i-cachexia.

Izigaba ze-cachexia

Kunezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-cachexia:

• I-Precachexia kuchazwa njengokulahlekelwa okufika kumaphesenti ama-5 esisindo somzimba wakho ngenkathi unesifo noma isifo esaziwayo. Kuhambisana nokulahleka kwesifiso, ukuvuvukala, kanye nezinguquko emzimbeni.
• I-Cachexia ukulahlekelwa ngaphezu kwamaphesenti amahlanu wesisindo somzimba wakho ngaphezu kwezinyanga eziyi-12 noma ngaphansi, lapho ungazami ukwehlisa isisindo futhi unesifo noma isifo esaziwayo. Ezinye izindlela eziningi zifaka ukulahleka kwamandla emisipha, ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla, ukukhathala nokuvuvukala.
• I-cachexia ekhanyayo kusebenza kubantu abanomdlavuza. Ukwehla kwesisindo, ukwehla kwemisipha, ukungasebenzi, kanye nokwehluleka ukuphendula ekwelashweni komdlavuza.

I-Cachexia nomdlavuza

Kuze kube kubantu abanomdlavuza osekupheleni kwesikhathi bane-cachexia. Abantu abasondelene nomdlavuza babulawa yilesi simo.

Amangqamuzana ezimila akhipha izinto ezinciphisa isifiso sokudla. Umdlavuza kanye nokwelashwa kwawo nakho kungadala isicanucanu esinzima noma kulimaze umzila wokugaya ukudla, kwenze kube nzima ukudla nokudonsa izakhamzimba.

Njengoba umzimba uthola izakhamzimba ezimbalwa, ushisa amanoni nemisipha. Amaseli womdlavuza asebenzisa lokho okunomsoco osele ukuwasiza ukuthi aphile futhi ande.

Izimbangela nezimo ezihambisanayo

I-Cachexia yenzeka ngasekupheleni kwezimo ezibucayi njenge:

• umdlavuza
• ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo (CHF)
• isifo esingapheliyo sokuvimbela kwamaphaphu (COPD)
• isifo esingapheliyo sezinso
• i-cystic fibrosis
• isifo samathambo

Ihluke kanjani i-cachexia ngokuya ngesifo. Ithinta:

• labantu abane-congestive heart failure noma i-COPD
• Kuze kube ngamaphesenti angama-80 abantu abanezisu zomdlavuza wesisu namanye ama-GI aphezulu
• Kuze kube kubantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu

Izimpawu

Abantu abane-cachexia balahlekelwa isisindo nesisindo semisipha. Abanye abantu babukeka bengondlekile. Abanye babonakala benesisindo esijwayelekile.

Ukuze utholakale une-cachexia, kufanele ulahlekelwe okungenani amaphesenti ama-5 wesisindo somzimba wakho ezinyangeni eziyi-12 ezedlule noma ngaphansi, futhi ube nokugula noma isifo esaziwayo. Kufanele futhi ube nokungenani lokhu okuthathu kokutholakele:

• kunciphise amandla emisipha
• ukukhathala
• ukulahlekelwa ukudla (i-anorexia)
• inkomba yesisindo esingenamafutha aphansi (ukubalwa okususelwa kusisindo sakho, amafutha omzimba, nobude)
• amazinga aphezulu okuvuvukala atholakala ngokuhlolwa kwegazi
• i-anemia (amaseli abomvu aphansi)
• amazinga aphansi wamaprotheni, i-albumin

Izinketho zokwelashwa

Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile noma indlela yokuguqula i-cachexia. Inhloso yokwelashwa ukuthuthukisa izimpawu nekhwalithi yempilo.

Ukwelashwa kwamanje kwe-cachexia kufaka:

• izikhuthazi zokudla ezifana ne-megestrol acetate (Megace)
• izidakamizwa, njenge-dronabinol (Marinol), ukwenza ngcono isicanucanu, isifiso sokudla, nomoya
• imithi eyehlisa ukuvuvukala
• izinguquko zokudla, izithako zokudla okunempilo
• ukuzivocavoca okuguquliwe

Izinkinga

I-cachexia ingaba yimbi kakhulu. Ingakhathaza ukwelashwa kwesimo esidalile futhi yehlise impendulo yakho kulolo lwazi. Abantu abanomdlavuza abane-cachexia abakwazi ukubekezelela ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali nezinye izindlela zokwelapha abazidingayo ukuze baphile.

Ngenxa yalezi zinkinga, abantu abane-cachexia banezinga eliphansi lempilo. Futhi banombono ongemuhle.

Umbono

Okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa kwe-cachexia. Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi bafunda kabanzi ngezinqubo ezibangela lokho. Abakutholile kubhebhezele ucwaningo emithini emisha yokulwa nenqubo yokumoshwa.

Izifundo eziningi ziye zaphenya izinto ezivikela noma ezakha kabusha imisipha futhi zisheshise ukuzuza kwesisindo. igxile ekuvimbeni ama-protein activin kanye ne-myostatin, evimbela imisipha ukuthi ingakhuli.