Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlinzwa kokububula kwenhliziyo futhi yiziphi izingozi

-Delile

• Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlinzwa
• Izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa
• Ukulungiselela kanjani ukuhlinzwa
• Izingozi zokuhlinzwa
• Lulama kanjani

Akudingekile ukuthi uhlinzelwe wonke amacala okububula kwenhliziyo, ngoba, ezimweni eziningi, kuyisimo esibi futhi umuntu angaphila naso ngokujwayelekile ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezinkulu zempilo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinganeni nasezinganeni, kujwayelekile kakhulu ukuthi ukukhononda kugcine izinyanga noma iminyaka embalwa kuphela futhi kuzixazulule ngokwemvelo, njengoba izakhiwo zenhliziyo zisakhula.

Ngakho-ke, ukuhlinzwa kukhonjiswa ezimweni lapho ukukhononda kubangelwa yisifo esithile, semisipha noma ama-valve enhliziyo, okuphazamisa ukusebenza kwayo, njengokuncipha okunzima noma ukunganeli, kuze kube sezingeni lokudala izimpawu ezinjengokuphelelwa umoya, ukukhathala noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo, isibonelo. Ukuqonda kangcono ukuthi kuyini nokuthi kubangelwa yini ukukhononda kwenhliziyo kwabantu abadala nezingane.

Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlinzwa

Ukuhlinzwa ukulungisa isifo senhliziyo kuboniswa ngudokotela wenhliziyo nodokotela ohlinzayo wenhliziyo, abanquma, ndawonye, ​​uhlobo oluhle kakhulu lokuhlinzwa ukushintsha umuntu ngamunye.

Imvamisa, ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa ngemithi yokwenza ngcono isimo kanye nezimpawu zokulawula kungazanywa, ngokusebenzisa i-Hydralazine, Captopril noma iFurosemide, ngokwesibonelo, engaba wusizo kwabanye abantu. Kodwa-ke, lapho izimpawu zinzima noma zingathuthuki ngemithi, inqubo yokuhlinzwa ingaba yindlela engcono kakhulu yokwenza ngcono izinga lempilo lengane noma lomuntu omdala.

Ukuhlela ukusebenza kokuhlinzwa, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ngebhethri lokuhlolwa kwegazi, okufana nokubalwa kwegazi kanye ne-coagulogram, nemifanekiso, efana ne-echocardiogram, i-electrocardiogram, i-X-ray yesifuba kanye ne-catheterization yenhliziyo, isibonelo.

Izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa

Ukuhlinzwa, kwengane nomuntu omdala, kwenziwa ngokuya ngesici esisenhliziyweni okumele silungiswe, okungaba:

• Ukuncipha kwe-valve yenhliziyo, ebonakala ezifweni ezifana ne-mitral, aortic, pulmonary noma tricuspid stenosis: i-balloon dilation ingenziwa nge-catheter efakwa enhliziyweni bese ifaka ibhaluni endaweni ngqo, noma ngokuhlinzwa, lapho inhliziyo ilungisa khona i-valve noma, kwezinye izimo, kufakwa i-valve yokufakelwa;
• Ukungasebenzi kwe-Valve, okwenzeka ezimweni ze-mitral valve prolapse noma ukungasebenzi kwama-valve, njenge-aortic, mitral, pulmonary kanye ne-tricuspid: ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa ukulungisa iphutha ku-valve noma ukufaka i-valve endaweni yokufakelwa;
• I-Congenic cardiopatics, njengasezinsaneni ezine-interatrial (IAC) noma ukuxhumana kwe-interventricular (CIV), ukuphikelela kwe-ductus arteriosus, noma i-tetralogy ye-Fallot, ngokwesibonelo: ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ukulungisa isiphambeko semisipha yenhliziyo.

Ezimweni eziningi, inqubo eyodwa iyadingeka ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo nokunciphisa izimpawu, noma kunjalo, ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi, ukuhlinzeka okungaphezu kweyodwa kungadingeka.

Ukulungiselela kanjani ukuhlinzwa

Ngokuhlinzwa, isikhathi sokuzila siyadingeka, esihluka ngokuya ngeminyaka, ngokwesilinganiso samahora ama-4 kuye kwayi-6 ezingane kanye no-8 h wezingane ezingaphezu kweminyaka emithathu nabantu abadala. Inqubo yenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile, futhi ubude besikhathi sokuhlinzwa buxhomeke ohlotsheni lwayo, kepha buyehluka phakathi kwamahora angaba ngu-4 kuye kwayi-8.

Izingozi zokuhlinzwa

Noma ikuphi ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo kubucayi ngoba kufaka phakathi ukujikeleza kwegazi nenhliziyo, noma kunjalo, kulezi zinsuku izingozi ziphansi, ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obusha bemithi nezinto zokuhlinza.

Ezinye izinkinga ezingeke zenzeke ekuhlinzweni kwenhliziyo ukuphuma kwegazi, ukutheleleka, i-infarction, ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo noma ukwenqatshwa kwe-valve, ngokwesibonelo. Lezi zinhlobo zezinkinga zingagwenywa ngokwenza kuqala nokuthumela kahle, ngokulandela yonke imiyalo kadokotela.

Lulama kanjani

Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, isikhathi sangemva kokuhlinzwa senziwa e-ICU, izinsuku ezingaba ngu-2, bese ukulandelwa kusegumbini lewadi, lapho ingane noma umuntu omdala angahlala khona cishe izinsuku eziyi-7, ngokuhlolwa ngudokotela wenhliziyo, kuze kukhishwe esibhedlela. Kulesi sikhathi, ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa kwamakhambi okungaphatheki kahle nobuhlungu, njengeParacetamol, i-physiotherapy ingaqalwa ngamandla nokuvuselelwa kokuphefumula ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

Ngemuva kokuphuma ekhaya, kufanele ulandele imihlahlandlela ethile, efana nale:

• Sebenzisa amakhambi anikezwe udokotela;
• Ungenzi imizamo, ngaphandle kwaleyo enconywe yi-physiotherapist;
• Yiba nokudla okulinganiselayo, nokudla okune-fiber, izithelo, imifino nezinhlamvu ezigcwele, njenge-oats nama-flaxseeds, nokugwema ukudla okunamafutha noma okunosawoti;
• Iya ezimpindelweni nodokotela wenhliziyo ukuze uhlaziye kabusha;
• Lindela ukubuya noma uthinte udokotela ngokushesha ezimeni zomkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-38ºC, ukuphefumula kanzima, ubuhlungu obukhulu kakhulu, ukopha noma ubomvu esikhaleni.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokululama ekuhlinzweni kwenhliziyo yengane kanye nokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo yabantu abadala.