I-Aphasia: kuyini nokuthi ungakwenza kanjani ukuxhumana kube lula

-Delile

• Ungenza kanjani ukuxhumana kube lula
• Amathiphu alabo abane-aphasia ukuze bakwazi ukuxhumana kangcono
• Ungazi kanjani ukuthi ngabe i-aphasia
• 1. Kunzima ukukhuluma - I-aphasia kaBroca
• 2. Ukuqonda okunzima - i-aphasia kaWernicke
• Kunjani ukwelashwa kwe-aphasia kuchwepheshe wezinkulumo

Ubunzima bezokuxhumana bubizwa ngokwesayensi ngokuthi i-aphasia, imvamisa okuba ngumphumela wenguquko ebuchosheni, okungenzeka kube ngenxa yokushaywa unhlangothi, isikhathi esiningi, noma ngenxa yesimila ebuchosheni noma ngenxa yezingozi ngemoto, ngesibhamu noma ukuwa okunzima.

I-Aphasia ifana nokuguqulwa kwemizwa ezifundeni ezimbili zobuchopho, ezaziwa ngokuthi indawo kaBroca nendawo kaWernicke. Ngokusho kwendawo ethintekile, i-aphasia ingahlukaniswa njenge:

• I-aphasia kaBroca, lapho kukhona khona ukuzibandakanya kwendawo yobuchopho obhekene nolimi, nobunzima ekwakheni imisho ephelele namagama axhumayo, isibonelo;
• I-aphasia kaWernicke, lapho kunokukhubazeka kwendawo yobuchopho obhekene nokuqondwa kwenkulumo, nobunzima bokuba nengxoxo, lapho inkulumo isiba yinto engahlangani;
• I-aphasia exubile, lapho kuthinteka khona lezi zifunda ezimbili

Ukulahleka kwekhono lokukhuluma nokuqonda kungaba kwesikhashana noma unomphela, kuya ngesizathu se-aphasia. Kubalulekile ukuthi i-aphasia ikhonjwe futhi yelashwe ngumelaphi wezinkulumo ukuze kuvuselelwe izindawo ezithintekile zobuchopho futhi, ngalokho-ke, amasu angamukelwa ukwenza lula ukuxhumana kwansuku zonke.

Yize kuvame ukubhekwa njengokuxhumana kanzima nomuntu one-aphasia, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amasu angenza kube lula ukuhlala ndawonye futhi ngaleyo ndlela anciphise ukukhungatheka futhi athuthukise ukuthuthuka kwekhwalithi yempilo yomuntu.

Ungenza kanjani ukuxhumana kube lula

Okufanele ukuthi ngaphezu kokuqapha umelaphi wezinkulumo, umuntu uthola ukwesekwa okuvela kubangani nomndeni ukuze ukuxhumana kube lula. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi kwenziwe izinyathelo ezikhuthaza futhi zenze kube lula ukuxhumana nomuntu one-aphasia, njengokuthi:

• Sebenzisa amabinzana alula futhi ukhulume ngokunensa;
• Vumela omunye umuntu akhulume ngaphandle kokuxhamazela;
• Ungazami ukuqedela imisho yomuntu one-aphasia;
• Gwema imisindo engemuva njengomsakazo ovuliwe noma iwindi elivuliwe;
• Sebenzisa imidwebo nokushukuma komzimba ukuchaza umqondo;
• Buza imibuzo impendulo yayo inguyebo noma cha;
• Gwema ukukhipha isiguli esine-aphasia ezingxoxweni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungathakazelisa futhi ukusungula izihloko ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ingxoxo, lokhu kuvumela umuntu ukuthi azi kahle ukuthi ingxoxo izoba mayelana nani futhi, ngalokho-ke, akabanjwa engazelele. Kungaba nokuthakazelisa ukuqaphela izinhlobo zezinguquko kanye nokuphendula kwesiguli esine-aphasia phakathi nengxoxo, ukuze odokotela bakwazi ukuguqula izindlela zokwelashwa ukuze benze ukuhlala ndawonye kunciphe.

Amathiphu alabo abane-aphasia ukuze bakwazi ukuxhumana kangcono

Abantu okutholwe ukuthi bane-aphasia kufanele futhi bathathe izinyathelo zokwenza ukuxhumana kwabo kube uketshezi kakhulu nezindawo ezithintekile zobuchopho ukuze zivuselelwe. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ukwazi ukuxhumana kangcono, umuntu one-aphasia angaba nencwajana encane nepeni ukuze akwazi ukuveza imibono ngemidwebo, noma nini lapho kudingeka ukuxhumana, ngaphandle kokuthakazelisa ukwakha incwadi encane yamagama, izithombe kanye izinkulumo ozisebenzisa kaningi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuthi ukushukuma komzimba okufana ne- "stop", "jewel", "ok" noma "laphaya" kwamukelwe, isibonelo, ngoba ngaleyo ndlela uma ungakwazi ukukhuluma, ungakhombisa futhi ngaleyo ndlela uxhumane. Elinye isu elingaba mnandi ukuthi ube nekhadi esikhwameni sakho noma esikhwameni semali echaza ukuthi une-aphasia, ukuze abantu oxhumana nabo bakwazi ukuguqula inqubo yokuxhumana.

Umndeni ungabamba iqhaza ekwenzeni ngcono ukuxhumana komuntu one-aphasia, uvuselele ngezithombe zamalungu omndeni, ukuze umuntu azame ukuqamba igama, noma ngisho nokubeka izinamathisela ezincane ezintweni ukuze umuntu azame ukuqamba lezi zinto, isibonelo "umnyango", "iwindi", "ithebula" namanye.

Ungazi kanjani ukuthi ngabe i-aphasia

I-Aphasia ingadala ubunzima bokusho okufunayo noma ubunzima bokuqonda ukuthi bathini abanye. Izimpawu ze-aphasia ziyahlukahluka ngokuya ngesifunda sobuchopho esithintekile, okuyisona esivame kakhulu:

1. Kunzima ukukhuluma - I-aphasia kaBroca

Kulolu hlobo lwe-aphasia, umuntu ukuthola kunzima ukusho amagama awafunayo, imvamisa afake amagama amanye angahlobene noma angawenzi umqondo kumongo, njengokufaka esikhundleni "sezinhlanzi" nge "incwadi", unobunzima bokudala imisho enamagama angama-2 futhi uvame ukuxuba amagama angekho namanye anengqondo emshweni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvamile kwi-drill aphasia ukuthi umuntu ashintshe umsindo wamagama ambalwa, anjengokuthi "umshini wokuwasha" athi "laquima de mavar", nokukhuluma amagama angekho ecabanga ukuthi akhona futhi anengqondo.

2. Ukuqonda okunzima - i-aphasia kaWernicke

Ku-aphasia kaWernicke, umuntu akaqondi kahle okushiwo abanye, ikakhulukazi uma bekhuluma ngokushesha, akakwazi ukuqonda okushiwo omunye umuntu lapho kunomsindo endaweni, futhi enenkinga yokufunda izincwadi noma okunye okuqukethwe okubhaliwe.

Kulolu hlobo lwe-aphasia, futhi kungaba nzima ukuqonda umqondo wezinombolo, njengokukwazi ukuthi ubani isikhathi noma ukubala imali, ngaphezu kokuqonda ngokoqobo amahlaya noma izinkulumo ezidumile ezifana nokuthi "lina imimese ephaketheni", ngokwesibonelo .

Kunjani ukwelashwa kwe-aphasia kuchwepheshe wezinkulumo

Ukwelashwa kwe-aphasia kuqalwa, ezimweni eziningi, ngezikhathi zokwelashwa kolimi ehhovisi lowelaphi wezinkulumo, ngemisebenzi evuselela izindawo ezithintekile zobuchopho. Kulezi zikhathi, umelaphi wezinkulumo angacela isiguli ukuthi sizame ukuveza imizwa sisebenzisa ukukhuluma kuphela, ngaphandle kokukwazi ukusebenzisa ukushukuma komzimba noma imidwebo, isibonelo.

Kwezinye izikhathi, umelaphi wezinkulumo angafundisa ukuthi zisebenzise kanjani kahle ezinye zalezi zindlela, ukwenza ukushukuma komzimba, ukwenza imidwebo noma ukukhomba izinto, ukuxhumana kangcono.