Izimpawu nezimpawu ze-melanoma esikhunjeni (indlela ye-ABCD)

-Delile

• I-asymmetry
• B - imingcele
• C - umbala
• D - ububanzi
• Ezinye izimpawu zomdlavuza wesikhumba
• Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa

Ukwazi ukuthi ungayibona kanjani i-melanoma ekuqaleni kwesikhumba kuyindlela engcono yokuqinisekisa ukuphumelela kokwelashwa, ngoba kungavimbela umdlavuza wesikhumba ekuthuthukiseni nasekulawuleni ukudala ama-metastases okunzima ukuwaqeda, ngisho nangokwelapha.

Ngakho-ke, noma ngabe unakekela ilanga nsuku zonke, njengokufaka i-sunscreen noma ukugwema amahora ashisa kakhulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlola isikhumba, okungenani kanye ngenyanga, noma esifundeni sekhanda, ukukhomba ukuthi kukhona yini izimpawu ezintsha noma ezihlukile, kungaba uphawu lomdlavuza.

Enye yezindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokuhlola ukuthi ngabe uphawu lungaba yini yi-melanoma, ngokubheka izici zalo, ngomthetho owaziwa nge-ABCD. Uma ibala linezici ezingaphezu kwezimbili zalezi zici, kunconywa ukuthi uthintane nodokotela wesikhumba.

I-asymmetry

Ngokuvamile, izimpawu ezingaba yingozi azilingani, ngakho-ke uma umugqa ocatshangwayo udwetshiwe phakathi kwesibonakaliso, izingxenye zombili azifani.

Izimpawu eziningi zinokulinganisa futhi, ngakho-ke, akusona isignali ye-alamu, kepha kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi kukhona nezimpawu ezinobungozi nezingalingani, ngakho-ke uma isibonakaliso singenakulinganiswa, kufanele sihlolwe ngudokotela wesikhumba ukuze siqinisekise ukuthi asikho kubi.

B - imingcele

Uphawu olunemiphetho ebushelelezi, ejwayelekile luhlala lulungile futhi alunabungozi empilweni. Kakade izimpawu ezinemingcele engajwayelekile futhi ezimakwe kancane kungaba uphawu lomdlavuza esikhunjeni.

C - umbala

Izimpawu ezijwayelekile futhi ngaphandle kwengozi yomdlavuza, imvamisa zinombala onsundu, ngaphandle kwezinguquko ezinkulu embala. Kakade izimpawu ze-melanoma, zivame ukuba nemibala emnyama noma inhlanganisela yemibala eminingana, njengombala omnyama, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obomvu noma omhlophe, ngokwesibonelo.

D - ububanzi

Indawo ye-melanoma ivame ukuba nobubanzi obungaphezu kwamamilimitha ayisithupha. Ngakho-ke, uma isibonakaliso sikhulu kunokujwayelekile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxhumana nodokotela wesikhumba, noma ngabe sinombala ojwayelekile, sinemingcele ejwayelekile, noma ngabe siyalingana.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu ezinobungozi nazo zingakhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi zingaqala njengendawo encane, ekhuphuka ize ibe yindawo enkulu kuno-6 mm.

Bona ividiyo engezansi ukuthola eminye imininingwane yokuthi ungawukhomba kanjani umdlavuza wesikhumba:

Ezinye izimpawu zomdlavuza wesikhumba

Yize indlela engcono yokukhomba i-melanoma engenzeka ukubona indawo esikhunjeni, abanye abantu bangathola ezinye izimpawu, njenge:

• Umuzwa ovuthayo;
• Ukulunywa njalo;
• Ukopha.

Lezi zimpawu zivela ngqo endaweni yebala, kepha zingasabalala ziye kumasentimitha ambalwa nxazonke.

Ngaphandle kwe-melanoma ebonakalayo esikhumbeni, kunezinye izinhlobo ze-melanoma, okungaba nzima ukuzithola, njengoba zisezindaweni ezicashile kakhulu, njengoba kunjalo ngama-melanoma ngaphansi kwesipikili, emlonyeni, umgudu wokugaya ukudla, ipheshana le-urinary noma iso, ngokwesibonelo, lokho futhi okudinga ukusingathwa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Bona izimpawu eziyinhloko zohlobo ngalunye lomdlavuza wesikhumba.

Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa

Ukuqinisekisa noma ukuxilonga kabi ukuxilongwa kwe-melanoma noma olunye uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba, kubalulekile ukuxhumana nodokotela wesikhumba, ukuhlola izici zebala. Uma kusolwa umdlavuza, udokotela angakweluleka ukuthi uhlinzwe endaweni encane ukuze ususe ibala. Ngemuva kwalokho, ucezu olususiwe luthunyelwa elebhu, ukuhlola ukuthi akhona yini amangqamuzana omdlavuza.

Uma kutholakala amangqamuzana omdlavuza, udokotela angancoma ukuthi kususwe isikhumba esengeziwe endaweni lapho ibala lalikhona, noma aqale ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njenge-chemotherapy noma i-radiotherapy, ngokwesibonelo, ngokwezinga lokukhula komdlavuza.

Bona izinketho ezingcono zokwelashwa komdlavuza wesikhumba.