I-Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Kuyini, Izimbangela Nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu nezimpawu eziyinhloko
• Yini ebangela lesi sifo
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Ukwelashwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

I-Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome, eyaziwa nangokuthi Hughes noma nje i-SAF noma i-SAAF, isifo esingajwayelekile sokuzivikela komzimba esibonakala kalula ekwenzeni i-thrombi emithanjeni nasemithanjeni yegazi ephazamisa ukuvaleka kwegazi, okungaholela ekuphathweni ikhanda, ekuphefumuleni kanzima nasekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo, ngokwesibonelo.

Ngokwesizathu, i-SAF ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko:

1. Okuyinhloko, lapho kungekho sizathu esithile;
2. Okwesibili, okwenzeka njengomphumela wesinye isifo, futhi kuvame ukuhlobene neSystemic Lupus Erythematosus. I-APS yesibili nayo ingenzeka, yize ingavamile kakhulu, ihlotshaniswa nezinye izifo ezizimele, njenge-scleroderma ne-rheumatoid arthritis, isibonelo;
3. Okuyinhlekelele, okuwuhlobo olubi kakhulu lwe-APS lapho kwakhiwa khona i-thrombi ezindaweni okungenani ezi-3 ezihlukene esikhathini esingaphansi kwesonto elilodwa.

Ama-APS angenzeka noma ngasiphi isikhathi nakubulili bobabili, kepha kuvame kakhulu kwabesifazane abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 nengama-50 ubudala. Ukwelashwa kufanele kusungulwe ngudokotela ojwayelekile noma i-rheumatologist futhi kuhlose ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwe-thrombi nokuvikela izinkinga, ikakhulukazi lapho owesifazane ekhulelwe.

Izimpawu nezimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu nezimpawu eziyinhloko ze-APS zihlobene nezinguquko kwinqubo ye-coagulation kanye nokuvela kwe-thrombosis, okuyiyona eyinhloko:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba;
• Kunzima ukuphefumula;
• Ikhanda;
• Isicanucanu;
• Ukuvuvukala kwezitho ezingenhla noma ezingezansi;
• Nciphisa inani lama-platelet;
• Ukukhipha izisu okuzenzekelayo noma ushintsho ku-placenta, ngaphandle kwesizathu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abatholakala ukuthi bane-APS maningi amathuba okuthi babe nezinkinga zezinso, isifo senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi, ngokwesibonelo, ngenxa yokwakheka kwe-thrombi ephazamisa ukujikeleza kwegazi, iguqule inani legazi elifinyelela ezithweni. Qonda ukuthi yini i-thrombosis.

Yini ebangela lesi sifo

I-Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome yisimo sokuzivikela komzimba, okusho ukuthi amasosha omzimba uqobo ahlasela amaseli emzimbeni. Kulokhu, umzimba ukhiqiza amasosha omzimba we-antiphospholipid ahlasela ama-phospholipid akhona kumaseli anamafutha, okwenza kube lula ukuthi igazi lijiye futhi lenze i-thrombi.

Isizathu esithile esenza ukuthi amasosha omzimba akhiqize lolu hlobo lwe-antibody asikaziwa, kodwa kuyaziwa ukuthi yisimo esivame kakhulu kubantu abanezinye izifo ezizimele, njengeLupus, ngokwesibonelo.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukutholakala kwe-Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome kuchazwa ngokuba khona kwenqubo okungenani eyodwa yomtholampilo neyaselebhu, okungukuthi, ukuba khona kwesifo sesifo nokutholakala kwe-autoantibody eyodwa egazini.

Phakathi kwezinqubo zokwelashwa ezibhekwa ngudokotela kukhona iziqephu ze-arterial or venous thrombosis, ukuvela kokukhipha isisu, ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, izifo ezizimele kanye nokuba khona kwezinto ezinobungozi ze-thrombosis. Lezi zindlela zokwelashwa kufanele zifakazelwe ngokuhlolwa kwe-imaging noma kwe-laboratory.

Ngokuphathelene nenqubo yaselebhu ukutholakala okungenani kohlobo olulodwa lwe-antiphospholipid antibody, njenge:

• I-Lupus anticoagulant (AL);
• I-Anticardiolipin;
• I-anti beta2-glycoprotein 1.

La ma-antibody kufanele ahlolwe ngezikhathi ezimbili ezihlukene, ngesikhawu okungenani sezinyanga ezimbili.

Ukuze ukuxilongwa kutholakale kune-APS, kuyadingeka ukuthi yomibili le mibandela iqinisekiswe ngezivivinyo ezenziwe kabili ngesikhawu sezinyanga okungenani ezintathu.

Yelashwa kanjani

Yize lungekho unyango olukwazi ukwelapha i-APS, kungenzeka ukunciphisa ingozi yokwakheka kwamahlwili futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukuvela kwezinkinga ezifana ne-thrombosis noma i-infarction, ngokusetshenziswa kaningi kwezidakamizwa ze-anticoagulant, njengeWarfarin, eyezomlomo ukusetshenziswa, noma iHeparin, eyenzelwe ukusetshenziswa ngemithambo yegazi.

Isikhathi esiningi, abantu abane-APS abelashwa ngemithi elwa namagciwane bayakwazi ukuphila impilo ejwayelekile ngokuphelele, kubalulekile kuphela ukubonana njalo nodokotela ukulungisa imithamo yemithi, noma kunini lapho kudingeka khona.

Kodwa-ke, ukuqinisekisa ukuphumelela kokwelashwa, kusabalulekile ukugwema ezinye izindlela zokuziphatha ezingaphazamisa imiphumela yama-anticoagulants, njengoba kwenzeka ekudleni ukudla okune-vitamin K, njengesipinashi, iklabishi noma i-broccoli, ngokwesibonelo. Bheka ezinye izindlela okufanele uzenze uma usebenzisa ama-anticoagulants.

Ukwelashwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

Kwezinye izimo ezithile, njengokukhulelwa, udokotela angancoma ukuthi ukwelashwa kwenziwe nge-Heparin ejojowe ehambisana ne-Aspirin noma i-Immunoglobulin efakwa emthanjeni, ukuvimbela ukuvela kwezinkinga ezifana nokukhipha isisu, ngokwesibonelo.

Ngokwelashwa okufanelekile, kunamathuba amaningi okuthi owesifazane okhulelwe one-APS abe nokukhulelwa okujwayelekile, kepha-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi abhekwe ngamehlo ngamehlo ngudokotela wokubelethisa, ngoba usengozini enkulu yokukhulelwa kwesisu, ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma i-pre-eclampsia. Funda ukuthi ungazibona kanjani izimpawu ze-preeclampsia.