Ubambo oluphukile: izimpawu, ukwelashwa nokululama

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Uzoya nini kudokotela
• Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuphuka
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Ukunakekelwa kwansuku zonke
• Isikhathi sokutakula
• Ziyini izimbangela

Ukwephuka kwezimbambo kungadala ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukuphefumula kanzima kanye nokulimala ezithweni zangaphakathi, kufaka phakathi ukungcola emaphashini, lapho ukuphuka kunomngcele ongafanele. Kodwa-ke, lapho ukuphuka kwezimbambo kungenawo amathambo ahlukene noma umphetho ongalingani, kulula ukuwaxazulula ngaphandle kwezingozi ezinkulu zempilo.

Imbangela enkulu yokuqhekeka ezimbanjeni ukuhlukumezeka, okubangelwa izingozi zezimoto, ubudlova noma ezemidlalo kubantu abadala nasebasha, noma ukuwa, okuvame kakhulu kubantu abadala. Ezinye izimbangela ezingaba khona zibandakanya ukwehla kwamathambo ngenxa ye-osteoporosis, isimila esisembambo noma ukuphuka ngu ukucindezeleka, ebonakala kubantu abenza ukunyakaza okuphindaphindayo noma ukuzivocavoca umzimba ngaphandle kokuzilungiselela okufanele noma ngendlela eyeqile.

Ukwelapha ukuphuka kwezimbambo, udokotela uvame ukukhombisa amaphilisi ezinhlungu ukudambisa izinhlungu, ngaphezu kokuphumula nokwelashwa komzimba. Ukuhlinzwa kuboniswa kuphela kwezinye izimo, lapho kungekho khona ukuthuthuka ngokwelashwa kokuqala, noma lapho ukuphuka kubangela ukulimala okungathi sína, kufaka phakathi ukungasebenzi kwamaphaphu noma enye i-viscera yesifuba.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zokuphuka kwezimbambo zifaka:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba, obuba nzima ngokuphefumula noma ukushaya kwesifuba;
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula;
• Imihuzuko esifubeni;
• Ukukhubazeka ezindaweni ezingasogwini;
• Imisindo ye-Crep ngesikhathi sokushaya kwesifuba;
• Ubuhlungu buba bukhulu lapho uzama ukusonta isiqu.

Imvamisa, ukuphuka kwezimbambo akunzima, kepha kwezinye izimo, kungadala ukugcwala kwamaphaphu nezinye izitho nemithambo yegazi esifubeni. Lesi simo siyakhathaza, ngoba singadala ukopha okusongela impilo, ngakho-ke ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo nokuqala kokwelashwa kuyadingeka.

Ukwephuka kuvame kakhulu kubantu abasha abahlangabezana nengozi yemoto noma yesithuthuthu, kepha kubantu asebekhulile kungenzeka ngenxa yokuwa, nasenganeni noma enganeni, kukhona okusolwayo kokuphathwa kabi, ngoba izimbambo kulesi sigaba zihlala kahle okukhombisa ukuphindwa kokucindezelwa noma ukuqondiswa okuhlukumezekile esifubeni.

Uzoya nini kudokotela

Kufanele uye kudokotela uma unezimpawu ezifana nokuthi:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba (okwenziwe endaweni noma cha);
• Uma uke waba nokuhlukumezeka okukhulu, njengokuwa noma ingozi;
• Uma kunzima ukuphefumula ngokujulile ngenxa yobuhlungu obandayo esifundeni sezimbambo;
• Uma ukhwehlela ngephlegm eluhlaza, ephuzi noma enegazi;
• Uma kunomkhuhlane.

Ezimweni ezinjalo, kunconywa ukuya e-Emergency Unit (UPA) eseduzane nekhaya lakho.

Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuphuka

Ukuxilongwa kokuqhekeka kwesifuba kwenziwa ngokuhlolwa komzimba kadokotela, ongahle futhi ahlele ukuhlolwa okufana nesifuba i-X-ray, ukukhomba izindawo zokulimala nokubona ezinye izinkinga ezinjengokopha (hemothorax), ukuvuza komoya kusuka lung esifubeni (pneumothorax), ukudumba kwamaphaphu noma ukulimala kwe-aortic, ngokwesibonelo.

Okunye ukuhlolwa okungenziwa futhi i-ultrasound yesifuba, engakhomba ngokunembile izinkinga ezifana nokuvuza komoya nokopha. I-chest tomography, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingenziwa lapho kusenokungabaza ngokulimala kweziguli ezisengozini enkulu nasezigulini ezinenkomba yokuhlinzwa.

Kodwa-ke, ama-X-ray athola ama-fractures angaphansi kuka-10%, ikakhulukazi lawo angashiywanga ndawo, futhi i-ultrasonography nayo ayikhombisi wonke amacala, yingakho ukuhlolwa komzimba kubaluleke kakhulu.

Yelashwa kanjani

Indlela eyinhloko yokwelapha ukuqhekeka kwamakhothamo abizayo ukwelashwa okulondolozayo, okungukuthi, kuphela ngemithi yokudambisa izinhlungu, njengeDipyrone, iParacetamol, i-Ibuprofen, iKetoprofen, iTramadol noma iCodeine, ngokwesibonelo, ngaphezu kokuphumula, umzimba uzoba ophethe ukwelapha ukulimala.

Akunconyelwa ukubopha noma yini esifubeni ngoba kungavimbela ukunwetshwa kwamaphaphu, kubangele izinkinga ezinkulu, njenge-pneumonia, isibonelo.

Ezimweni zobuhlungu obukhulu, kungenzeka ukwenza imijovo, ebizwa ngamabhulokhi we-anesthesia, ukudambisa izinhlungu. Ukuhlinzwa akuvamisile ukukhonjiswa njalo, kepha-ke, kungadingeka ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, lapho kuphuma khona ukopha okukhulu noma ukubandakanyeka kwezitho zezimbambo.

I-Physiotherapy nayo ibaluleke kakhulu, njengoba izivivinyo ezisiza ukugcina amandla emisipha nokuphakama kwamalungu esifubeni kukhonjisiwe, kanye nokuzivocavoca kokuphefumula okusiza ukuthola izindlela ezingcono zokwandisa isifuba.

Ukunakekelwa kwansuku zonke

• Ngesikhathi sokululama ekuqhekekeni akukhuthazwa ukuba ulale ngohlangothi lwakho noma esiswini sakho, indawo ekahle ukulala esiswini sakho bese ubeka umcamelo ngaphansi kwamadolo wakho nomunye ekhanda lakho;
• Akunconywa futhi ukuthi ushayele emavikini okuqala ngemuva kokuphuka, noma ukusonta isiqu;
• Uma ufuna ukukhwehlela, kungasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu uma ubamba umcamelo noma ingubo esifubeni esifubeni ngesikhathi sokukhwehlela. Lapho uzwa isifuba sakho, ungahlala esihlalweni, uhleze isifuba sakho phambili ukuze ukwazi ukuphefumula kangcono;
• Ungazijwayezi ukudlala noma ukuzivocavoca umzimba kuze kudedelwe udokotela;
• Gwema ukuhlala endaweni efanayo isikhathi eside (ngaphandle kokulala);
• Ungabhemi, ukusiza ukwelapha ngokushesha.

Isikhathi sokutakula

Ukuphuka kwezimbambo okuningi kuyelapheka ezinyangeni ezi-1-2, futhi ngalesi sikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu ukulawula izinhlungu ukuze ukwazi ukuphefumula ngokujulile, ugweme ubunzima obungavela ngenxa yalobu bunzima bokuphefumula ngokujwayelekile.

Ziyini izimbangela

Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokuphuka kwezimbambo yilezi:

• Ukuhlukumezeka esifubeni ngenxa yezingozi zemoto, ukuwa, ezemidlalo noma ulaka;
• Izimo ezidala imithelela ephindaphindayo ezimbanjeni, ngenxa yokukhwehlela, kwabadlali bezemidlalo noma lapho benza ukunyakaza okuphindaphindwayo;
• Isimila noma imastastasis emathanjeni.

Abantu abane-osteoporosis basengozini enkulu yokuqhekeka izimbambo, njengoba lesi sifo sibangela ubuthakathaka bamathambo futhi singadala ukuphuka ngisho noma kungenamthelela.