Umhlahlandlela Wezingxoxo Zodokotela: Ingabe Impilo Yami Yansuku Zonke Iyoshintsha Ne-HIV?

-Delile

• Yiziphi izinketho zami zokwelashwa?
• Ziyini izingozi zezempilo ekwelashweni nge-HIV?
• Ngidinga kangaki ukuthatha imishanguzo ye-HIV?
• Kufanele ngihlele kangaki ama-aphoyintimenti wezokwelapha?
• Ngabe ngidinga ukushintsha indlela engidla ngayo nozivocavoca umzimba ngayo?
• Ubudlelwano bami buzoshintsha kanjani?
• Ukuthatha

Uma usanda kuhlolwa une-HIV, kujwayelekile ukuba nemibuzo yokuthi ukuxilongwa kuzokuthinta kanjani impilo yakho yansuku zonke. Izindaba ezimnandi ukuthi ukwelashwa ngemishanguzo yesimanje ye-HIV kuthuthuke kakhulu kule minyaka embalwa edlule. Kungenzeka ukuphatha lesi simo ngomthelela omncane kunqubo yakho yansuku zonke.

Letha lo mhlahlandlela wengxoxo osebenzayo ngesikhathi esizayo lapho uvakashela udokotela wakho. Ukubuza le mibuzo kuzokusiza ufunde izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuhlala uphilile ngenkathi uphila ne-HIV.

Yiziphi izinketho zami zokwelashwa?

Ukwelashwa ngezidambisigciwane kungakunciphisa kakhulu ukuqhubeka kwe-HIV. Futhi ingaqinisa amasosha omzimba, futhi yehlise kakhulu ingozi yokudlulisela i-HIV kwabanye. Ukwelashwa ngezidambisigciwane ngokuvamile kuhilela ukuthatha imishanguzo eminingi nsuku zonke. Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi uhlobo lwemithi ye-HIV.

Ukunquma uhlobo lwemithi yakho isinyathelo sokuqala sendlela yakho yokwelashwa. Imithi ye-HIV yehlukaniswe ngezigaba eziyisikhombisa zemithi ngokususelwa ekutheni ilwa kanjani ne-HIV. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi imiphi imishanguzo engasebenza kangcono ohlelweni lwakho.

Ziyini izingozi zezempilo ekwelashweni nge-HIV?

Kungumqondo omuhle ukuxoxa nodokotela wakho ngezingozi zezempilo ezingaba khona zokwelashwa ngezidambisigciwane ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa. Imithi ethile ye-HIV ingahlangana nabanye futhi ingadala imiphumela emibi eminingi. Iningi lalemiphumela emibi livame ukuba mnene, njengokuphathwa yikhanda nesiyezi. Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi zingaba nzima kakhulu futhi zisongele nokuphila.

Kukhona futhi ingozi yokuthi imishanguzo ye-HIV ingahlangana neminye imithi namavithamini. Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho uma usanda kuqala ukuthatha noma yimiphi imishanguzo noma izithasiselo.

Ngidinga kangaki ukuthatha imishanguzo ye-HIV?

Kubalulekile ukukhuthalela ukuthatha imishanguzo nsuku zonke futhi njengoba nje kunqunyiwe emithini yokwelashwa ukuze isebenze kahle. Kuyasiza ukubuza udokotela wakho ngamasu wokunamathela kuhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa. Amanye amathiphu ajwayelekile afaka ukusebenzisa ikhalenda elizinikele noma ukusetha isikhumbuzi sansuku zonke efonini yakho.

Imithamo engekho yemithi, noma ukuyithatha ngezikhathi ezithile, inyusa ingozi yokumelana nemithi. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ukusebenza kwemithi futhi kungadala ukuthi isimo sibe sibi kakhulu.

Kufanele ngihlele kangaki ama-aphoyintimenti wezokwelapha?

Kunconywa ukuthi abantu abaphila ne-HIV babone abahlinzeki babo bezokunakekelwa kwempilo njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha beyohlolwa ilebhu kanye nokubonisana okujwayelekile mayelana nokuthi ukwelashwa kuhamba kanjani. Kodwa akuyona into engavamile ukuhlela ukuvakashelwa kaningi, ikakhulukazi phakathi neminyaka emibili yokuqala yokwelashwa.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi hlobo luni lwesheduli yokuhlola abayincomayo. Futhi sebenza nabo ukwakha uhlelo lonyaka ozayo. Uma ususemkhakheni ozinzile we-HIV wansuku zonke - futhi usunomthamo wegciwane ocindezelwe ngokungaguquguquki iminyaka emibili yokwelashwa ngezidambisigciwane - imvamisa yokuhlolwa kwakho kwelebhu ngokuvamile izokwehla iye kabili ngonyaka.

Ngabe ngidinga ukushintsha indlela engidla ngayo nozivocavoca umzimba ngayo?

Lapho usuqale ukuthatha imishanguzo, ukugcina ukudla okunomsoco nokuphila ngendlela esebenzayo kungasiza ekufakeni isandla empumelelweni yokwelashwa kwakho. Akukho kudla okukhethekile kwabantu abaphila ne-HIV. Kodwa-ke, njengoba amasosha omzimba esebenza kanzima ukulwa nezifo, abanye abantu abaphila ne-HIV bathola ukuthi badinga ukudla ama-calories amaningi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kulabo abakhuluphele ngokweqile, udokotela angancoma ukulungisa imikhuba yokudla ukuze usize ekwehliseni isisindo.

Ngokuvamile, ukudla okulinganisela kahle kufaka inani elilinganiselwe lamaprotheni namafutha, nokuningi:

• izithelo
• imifino
• ama-carbohydrate anesitashi

Uma ungaqiniseki ngendlela engcono yokuhlela ukudla okunempilo, udokotela wakho angakunikeza iseluleko noma akudlulisele kusazi sokudla.

Abanye abantu abaphila ne-HIV bangase balahlekelwe yimisipha, kodwa ukuzivocavoca umzimba njalo kungagcina noma kuqinise imisipha. Izinhlobo ezintathu zokuvivinya umzimba yilezi:

• ukuzivocavoca umzimba
• ukumelana noma ukuqeqeshwa kwamandla
• ukuqeqeshwa okuguquguqukayo

Sebenza nodokotela wakho ukuthuthukisa inqubo ejwayelekile yokufaneleka efanele izidingo zomzimba wakho. I-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) incoma ukuthi abantu abadala bathole okungenani amahora amabili nohhafu we-aerobics ngokulinganisela njalo ngesonto, okubandakanya izinto ezinjengokuhamba, ukudansa nokulima. I-CDC iphakamisa nokuthi ubambe iqhaza ekuqeqesheni ukumelana okungenani kabili ngeviki, ngezinsuku ezingalandelani. Qiniseka ukuthi ubuza nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuzama noma yikuphi ukuzivocavoca okusha ukuze ugweme ukweqisa.

Ubudlelwano bami buzoshintsha kanjani?

Ukukhuluma nge-HIV nombuthano wakho wezenhlalo kungaba yinselele futhi kube nemizwa, kepha lokho akusho ukuthi ubudlelwano bakho nabantu obathandayo buzoshintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Udokotela wakho angakunika izeluleko ngendlela engcono yokuxoxa ngesimo sakho se-HIV nabanye. Kubalulekile ukuthi abantu abatholakala ukuthi bane-HIV bazise noma yibaphi abalingani ocansini bamanje noma bangaphambilini ngokuxilongwa. Ukukhuluma namalungu omndeni athembekile nabangane kungakusiza wakhe uhlelo lwakho lokusekela lomuntu siqu.

Udokotela wakho angakunikeza nokudluliswa kwezinsizakalo zokusekela njengokululekwa ngempilo yengqondo. Lokhu kungasiza abantu abafuna ukukhuluma nomuntu ngokungakhethi ngokuthi bazizwa kanjani ngokuphila ne-HIV.

Abantu abaphila negciwane lesandulela ngculaza bangabugcina ubudlelwano bezocansi obunempilo nabalingani abangenayo i-HIV. Imishanguzo yesimanje yokwelashwa kwe-HIV isebenza ngempumelelo yokuthi ingozi yokudlulisa leli gciwane ingaba ncane. Umlingani ongenayo i-HIV angacabanga ukuthatha imishanguzo ye-pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) ukunciphisa ubungozi be-HIV nangaphezulu. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindlela ezinhle zokugcina nina nobabili niphephile.

Ukuthatha

Khumbula ukuthi uma kukhulunywa ngempilo yakho, yonke imibuzo ilungile. Khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka onakho mayelana nokuthi ungayigcina kanjani inkambiso yakho yansuku zonke nohlelo lwakho lokwelashwa.