Ukukhuthazwa Okujulile KweBongo (DBS)

-Delile

• Ukusebenza kobuchopho okujulile kusebenza kanjani
• Inhloso
• Izinkinga ezingenzeka
• Okushiwo ochwepheshe
• Ukuthatha

Kuyini ukukhuthazeka kobuchopho okujulile?

Ukugqugquzela ubuchopho obujulile (i-DBS) kukhonjisiwe ukuthi kuyindlela esebenzayo kwabanye abantu abanokudangala. Odokotela basebenzise ekuqaleni ukusiza ukuphatha isifo sikaParkinson. Ku-DBS, udokotela ufaka ama-electrode amancane engxenyeni yobuchopho elawula imizwa. Abanye odokotela basebenzise i-DBS kusukela ngawo-1980, kodwa inqubo engajwayelekile. Yize amazinga empumelelo yesikhathi eside engakakhiwa, abanye odokotela bancoma i-DBS njengenye indlela yokwelapha ezigulini ezelashwa ngemithi yangaphambilini engaphumelelanga.

Ukusebenza kobuchopho okujulile kusebenza kanjani

Udokotela ngokuhlinzwa ufaka ama-electrode amancane kuma-nucleus accumbens, okuyisifunda sobuchopho esibhekele lokhu:

• Ukukhishwa kwe-dopamine ne-serotonin
• ukugqugquzela
• isimo

Inqubo idinga izinyathelo eziningi. Okokuqala, udokotela ubeka ama-electrode. Bese kuthi, ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa bafake izintambo nebhethri. Ama-electrode axhunywe ngezintambo kusisetshenziswa esifana ne-pacemaker esifakwe esifubeni esinikeza izigaxa zikagesi ebuchosheni. Amapulse, avame ukulethwa njalo abonakala evimba ukudubula kwama-neuron futhi abuyisele imetabolism yobuchopho esimeni sokulingana. I-pacemaker ingacushwa futhi ilawulwe ngaphandle komzimba ngedivayisi ephathwa ngesandla.

Yize odokotela bengaqiniseki kahle ukuthi kungani ama-pulses esiza ukusetha kabusha kobuchopho, ukwelashwa kubonakala kuthuthukisa imizwa futhi kunikeze umuntu umuzwa ophelele wokuzola.

Inhloso

Ezivivinyweni eziningi zemitholampilo ye-DBS, abantu babike ukuncishiswa kwengcindezi yabo kanye nokwenyuka okukhulu kwekhwalithi yempilo. Ngaphezu kokudangala, odokotela basebenzisa i-DBS ukwelapha abantu abane:

• ukuphazamiseka okuphoqelela ngokweqile
• Isifo sikaParkinson ne-dystonia
• ukukhathazeka
• isithuthwane
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme

I-DBS iyinketho kubantu abanesifo sokudangala esingamahlalakhona noma esingalwi nokwelashwa. Odokotela bancoma izifundo ezeluliwe ze-psychotherapy kanye nokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa ngaphambi kokucabangela i-DBS ngoba ifaka inqubo yokuhlinza engahlaseli namazinga empumelelo ayahlukahluka. Iminyaka yobudala ngokuvamile akuyona inkinga, kodwa odokotela bancoma ukuthi ube nempilo enhle ngokwanele ukumelana nokuhlinzwa okukhulu.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

I-DBS ngokuvamile yaziwa njengenqubo ephephile. Kodwa-ke, njenganoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuhlinzwa kobuchopho, izinkinga zingahlala zivela. Izinkinga ezijwayelekile ezihambisana ne-DBS zifaka:

• ukopha ebuchosheni
• isifo sohlangothi
• ukutheleleka
• ikhanda elibuhlungu
• izinkinga zokukhuluma
• izinkinga zokuzwa noma zokulawulwa kwezimoto

Okunye okufanele kubhekwe yisidingo sokuhlinzwa okulandelayo. Idivayisi yokuqapha efakwe esifubeni ingaphuka, futhi amabhethri ayo ahlala phakathi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kwezingu-18. Ama-electrode afakiwe nawo angadinga ukulungiswa uma ukwelashwa kungabonakali kusebenza. Udinga ukubheka ukuthi ngabe uphilile ngokwanele ukuthi ungahlinzwa okwesibili noma okwesithathu.

Okushiwo ochwepheshe

Ngoba izifundo zesikhathi eside kanye nokuhlolwa kwemitholampilo kukhombisa imiphumela ehlukahlukene nge-DBS, odokotela bangakhomba kuphela impumelelo yabo noma ukwehluleka kwabo ngenqubo. UDkt.Joseph J. Fins, oyinhloko yezokwelapha e-New York-Presbyterian Hospital / Weill Cornell Center, uthi ukusebenzisa i-DBS ngezimo ezingokwengqondo nezingokomzwelo kufanele "kuhlolwe ngokwanele ngaphambi kokuba kubizwe ngokuthi ukwelashwa."

Abanye ochwepheshe bacabanga ukuthi i-DBS iyindlela esebenzayo kubantu abangaboni mpumelelo ngezinye izindlela zokwelapha. UDkt. Ali R. Rezai waseCleveland Clinic uphawula ukuthi i-DBS “inesithembiso sokwelashwa kokucindezeleka okukhulu okungalapheki.”

Ukuthatha

I-DBS inqubo yokuhlinza engenayo enemiphumela ehlukahlukene. Ukubuyekezwa nemibono kuhlanganisiwe emkhakheni wezokwelapha. Into eyodwa odokotela abaningi abavumelana ngayo ukuthi i-DBS kufanele kube yinto ekude kakhulu ekwelapheni ukudangala nokuthi abantu kufanele bahlole imishanguzo nokwelashwa kwengqondo ngaphambi kokukhetha inqubo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho uma ucabanga ukuthi i-DBS ingaba yindlela ongayikhetha.