Akakwazi Ukuzivikela Futhi Uyisigqila — Ibhizinisi Elidlayo Lokuthengisela Ushukela Izingane

-Delile

• Imboni yezokudla neziphuzo isebenza kanjani ezinganeni zethu ukukhulisa inzuzo.
• Umthelela kashukela emzimbeni womuntu
• Shaking umkhuba kashukela
• Ukufaka ushukela ezinganeni
• Ukuxhasa ukukhuluphala kwengane
• Kusuka ezinganekwaneni kuya ekwabelaneni

Imboni yezokudla neziphuzo isebenza kanjani ezinganeni zethu ukukhulisa inzuzo.

Ngaphambi kosuku ngalunye lwesikole, abafundi abavela eWestlake Middle School balayini phambi kwe-7-Eleven ekhoneni likaHarrison nasemigwaqweni engu-24 e-Oakland, eCalifornia. Ngelinye ilanga ekuseni ngoMashi - {textend} Inyanga kaZwelonke Yokudla - {textend} abafana abane badle inkukhu ethosiwe futhi baphuza amabhodlela ama-ounce angama-20 eCoca-Cola kusasele imizuzu ngaphambi kwensimbi yokuqala yesikole. Ngaphesheya komgwaqo, i-Whole Foods Market inikeza ukudla okunempilo, kodwa okubizayo, okukhethwa kukho kokudla.

UPeter Van Tassel, owayeyiphini likathishanhloko eWestlake, uthe iningi labafundi baseWestlake yidlanzana eliqhamuka emindenini yabasebenzi enesikhathi esincane sokulungiselela ukudla. Imvamisa, uVan Tassel uthi, abafundi bazobamba izikhwama zamashipsi ashisayo okubabayo kanye nokwehluka kwesiphuzo sase-Arizona nge $ 2. Kepha ngoba bayintsha, abezwa miphumela emibi kulokho abakudlayo nabakuphuzayo.

“Yilokho abakwazi ukukukhokhela futhi kunambitheka kahle, kodwa konke kushukela.Ingqondo yabo ayikwazi ukuyiphatha, ”utshele iHealthline. "Kumgoqo owodwa nje kwesinye wokwenza izingane zidle ziphilile."

Ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yazo zonke izingane esifundeni sase-Alameda, njengakwezinye izindawo zase-United States, zikhuluphele ngokweqile noma zikhuluphele. nase-United States abakhuluphele futhi, ngokusho kwe). Amanye amaqembu, okungabamnyama, amaLatinos, kanye nabampofu, anamazinga aphezulu kunawozakwabo. Kodwa-ke, umnikeli omkhulu kumakhalori angenalutho ekudleni kwaseNtshonalanga - {textend} ushukela owengeziwe - {textend} awunambitheki kamnandi uma ubheka ukuthi uyithinta kanjani impilo yethu.

Umthelela kashukela emzimbeni womuntu

Uma kukhulunywa ngoshukela, ochwepheshe bezempilo abakhathaleli okwenzeka ngokwemvelo okutholakala ezithelweni nakokunye ukudla. Bakhathazekile ngoshukela ongeziwe - {textend} kungaba ovela ezimobeni, emabhithini, noma kummbila - {textend} anganikeli inani lokudla okunempilo. Ushukela wetafula, noma i-sucrose, ugaywa njengamafutha ne-carbohydrate ngoba uqukethe izingxenye ezilinganayo ze-glucose ne-fructose. Isiraphu ye-high-fructose yommbila isebenza cishe ngama-42 kuye kuma-55 amaphesenti we-glucose.

I-glucose isiza amandla wonke amaseli emzimbeni wakho. Isibindi kuphela esingakwazi ukugaya i-fructose noma kunjalo, esiphenduka sibe yi-triglycerides, noma amafutha. Yize lokhu ngokuvamile kungeke kube yinkinga ngemithamo emincane, inani elikhulu njengalezo eziphuzweni ezinoshukela ezinoshukela zingadala amafutha amaningi esibindini, kufana notshwala.

Ngaphandle kwezimbotshana, thayipha isifo sikashukela sesi-2, nesifo senhliziyo, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile koshukela kungaholela ekukhuluphaleni nasezifweni zesibindi esinamafutha (i-NAFLD), isimo esithinta ikota eyodwa yabantu base-U.S. I-NAFLD ibe yimbangela ehamba phambili yokufakelwa kwesibindi. Ucwaningo lwamuva olushicilelwe ku-Journal of Hepatology luphethe ngokuthi i-NAFLD iyingozi enkulu yesifo senhliziyo, imbangela eyinhloko yokufa kwabantu abane-NAFLD. Iphinde ixhunyaniswe nokukhuluphala, uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela se-2, i-triglycerides ephakeme, kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme. Ngakho-ke, ukukhulula izingane ezisebenzisa njalo ushukela, izibindi zazo zithola isibhakela esisodwa esisodwa esivame ukubekelwa izidakwa ezindala.

UDkt Robert Lustig, isazi sezingane endocrinologist e-University of California, eSan Francisco, uthi kokubili utshwala noshukela kungubuthi obuyingozi obungenayo inzuzo yokudla okunomsoco futhi obangela ukulimala uma kudliwe ngokweqile.

“Utshwala abukona ukudla okunomsoco. Awuyidingi, ”kusho uLustig kuHealthline. "Uma utshwala kungesikho ukudla, ushukela akuyona ukudla."

Futhi bobabili banamandla okuba umlutha.

Ngokuya ngocwaningo olushicilelwe ku- Ukubuyekezwa kwe-Neuroscience & Biobehavioral, ukubhuza ushukela kuthinta ingxenye yobuchopho ehambisana nokulawulwa kwemizwa. Abaphenyi baphetha ngokuthi “ukufinyelela ushukela ngezikhathi ezithile kungaholela ekuguqulweni kokuziphatha nokwakheka kwemithambo yegazi okufana nemiphumela yento ethile yokuhlukumeza.”

Ngaphezu kokukwazi ukuba umlutha, ucwaningo olusafufusa lukhombisa ukuthi i-fructose ilimaza ukuxhumana phakathi kwamaseli obuchopho, inyusa ubuthi ebuchosheni, kanye nokudla ushukela isikhathi eside kunciphisa ikhono lobuchopho lokufunda nokugcina imininingwane. Ucwaningo oluphuma ku-UCLA olushicilelwe ngo-Ephreli luthole ukuthi i-fructose ingalimaza amakhulu ezakhi zofuzo emaphakathi nemetabolism futhi iholele ezifweni ezinkulu, kubandakanya i-Alzheimer's kanye ne-ADHD.

Ubufakazi bokuthi ama-calories amaningi kusuka kushukela owengeziwe afaka isandla ekuzuzeni isisindo nokukhuluphala okuthile imboni kashukela izama ngenkuthalo ukuziqhelelanisa nakho. I-American Beverage Association, iqembu lokuhweba labakhiqizi beziphuzo ezenziwe ngoshukela, ithi kukhona ukunakekelwa okungafanele kunikezwe isoda ehlobene nokukhuluphala.

"Iziphuzo ezinoshukela zibalwa ekudleni okujwayelekile kwaseMelika futhi kungathokozelwa kalula njengengxenye yokudla okunomsoco," kusho iqembu esitatimendeni kuHealthline. “Imininingwane yakamuva yesayensi evela e-U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ikhombisa ukuthi iziphuzo azizibangeli ukwanda kwamazinga okukhuluphala kanye nezimo ezihlobene nokukhuluphala e-United States. Izinga lokukhuluphala liqhubeke ngokukhuphuka njengoba ukusetshenziswa kwesoda kwehla, kungakhombisi ukuxhumana. ”

Labo abangenayo inzuzo yezezimali ehlobene nokusetshenziswa kukashukela, noma kunjalo, abavumelani. Abaphenyi baseHarvard bathi ushukela, ikakhulukazi iziphuzo ezinoshukela, zandisa ingozi yokukhuluphala, isifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo kanye ne-gout.

Lapho kukalwa ubufakazi bokwenza ushintsho kulebuli yamanje yokudla kokudla, ubufakazi "obuqinile nobungaguquguquki" obengeza ushukela ekudleni naseziphuzweni buhambisana nesisindo somzimba eseqile ezinganeni. Iphaneli ye-FDA iphinde yanquma ukuthi ushukela ongeziwe, ikakhulukazi labo abavela kuziphuzo ezinoshukela, kukhulisa ubungozi besifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Ithole ubufakazi “obulinganiselayo” bokuthi inyusa ingozi yokuba nomfutho wegazi ophezulu, isifo sohlangothi nesifo senhliziyo.

Shaking umkhuba kashukela

Njengobufakazi bemiphumela yayo emibi yezempilo, abantu baseMelika abaningi beqa isoda, kungaba njalo noma ukudla. Ngokwenhlolovo yakamuva yeGallup, abantu manje sebegwema isoda ngaphezu kwezinye izinketho ezingenampilo, kufaka phakathi ushukela, amafutha, inyama ebomvu nosawoti. Sekukonke, ukusetshenziswa kwama-sweeteners aseMelika kuyancipha kulandela ukwanda kweminyaka yama-1990 kanye nokuphakama ngo-1999.

Ukudla, noma kunjalo, kuyinkinga enzima ukuyikhipha. Ukuqondisa isithako esisodwa esithile kungaba nemiphumela engahlosiwe. Amafutha okudla bekuyinto obekugxilwe kuyo eminyakeni engaphezu kwengama-20 eyedlule ngemuva kokuthi imibiko ikhombise ukuthi yandisa amathuba okuthola izifo, okubandakanya ukukhuluphala nezinkinga zenhliziyo. Ngakho-ke, imikhiqizo eminingi enamafutha amaningi njengobisi, ukudla okulula, namaqebelengwane, ikakhulukazi, yaqala ukunikela ngezinketho ezinamafutha aphansi, imvamisa ifaka ushukela ukubenza bathande kakhudlwana. Loshukela ofihliwe ungenza kube nzima kubantu ukukala ngokunembile ukusetshenziswa kwabo koshukela nsuku zonke.

Ngenkathi abantu bengawaqaphela kakhulu amaphutha okwehlisa okweqile futhi beqhela kubo, ongoti abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kusenokuthuthuka okusazokwenziwa. UDkt. Allen Greene, udokotela wezingane ePalo Alto, eCalifornia, uthe ukudla okushibhile, okusetshenzisiwe kanye nezixhumanisi zaso nezifo ezinkulu manje sekuyinkinga yobulungiswa bezenhlalo.

"Ukuba namaqiniso akwanele," utshele iHealthline. "Badinga izinsizakusebenza ukwenza ushintsho."

Enye yalezi zinsiza imininingwane efanele, kusho uGreene, futhi akutholakali wonke umuntu, ikakhulukazi izingane.

Yize kungekho emthethweni ukukhangisa ngotshwala nogwayi ezinganeni, kusemthethweni ngokuphelele ukumaketha ukudla okungenampilo ngqo kubo usebenzisa abalingiswa abathandayo bekhathuni. Eqinisweni, yibhizinisi elikhulu, elisekelwa ngokubhalwa kwentela abanye ochwepheshe abathi kufanele liyeke ukunciphisa ubhubhane lokukhuluphala.

Ukufaka ushukela ezinganeni

Abenzi beziphuzo ezinoshukela nezamandla bakhomba izingane ezincane kanye nabancane kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemidiya. Cishe ingxenye yezinkampani zeziphuzo eziyizigidi ezingama- $ 866 ezisetshenziselwe ukukhangisa intsha ehlosiwe, ngokusho kombiko wakamuva ovela kuFederal Trade Commission (FTC). Abenzi bokudla okusheshayo, okusanhlamvu kwasekuseni, neziphuzo ezinekhabhoni, konke okuyimithombo emikhulu kashukela abengeziwe ekudleni kwaseMelika, kukhokhelwe iningi - {textend} 72% - {textend} lokudla okuthengiselwe izingane.

Umbiko we-FTC, othunyelwe ukuphendula ubhubhane lwaseMelika lokukhuluphala, uthole ukuthi cishe lonke ushukela kuziphuzo ezithengiselwa izingane lufakiwe ushukela, okulinganiselwa ngaphezu kwama-gramu angama-20 ngokusebenza ngakunye. Leyo ingaphezu kwesigamu semali yansuku zonke enconyelwe amadoda amadala.

Ukudla okulula okuthengiselwa izingane nentsha yizona ezona ezimbi kakhulu, nezincazelo ezimbalwa zomhlangano zekhalori eliphansi, amafutha agcwele kakhulu, noma i-sodium ephansi. Cishe akekho ongabhekwa njengomthombo omuhle we-fiber noma okungenani uhhafu wezinhlamvu ezigcwele, kusho umbiko. Imvamisa, lokhu kudla kuvunywa osaziwayo abalingiswa yizingane, noma iningi lemikhiqizo abayivumelayo iwela esigabeni sokudla okungenamsoco.

Ucwaningo olukhishwe ngoJuni ephephabhukwini i-Pediatrics luthole ukuthi amaphesenti angama-71 eziphuzo ezingaphuzi utshwala ezingama-69 ezithuthukiswa ngosaziwayo kwakungezinhlobonhlobo ezinoshukela. Kosaziwayo abangama-65 abavume ukudla noma iziphuzo, ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-80 babenokungenani okungenani ukuphakanyiswa okukodwa kwe-Teen Choice Award, kanti amaphesenti angama-80 okudla neziphuzo ababekuvumela kwakungamandla aminyene noma ayengenazakhi. Labo abanezinvume eziningi zokudla neziphuzo kwakungabaculi abadumile uBaauer, will.i.am, Justin Timberlake, Maroon 5, noBritney Spears. Futhi ukubukela lokho kuvunyelwa kungaba nomthelela oqondile ekutheni ingane ifaka isisindo esengeziwe kangakanani.

Ucwaningo olulodwa lwe-UCLA lunqume ukuthi ukubuka ithelevishini yezentengiso, ngokungafani nama-DVD noma uhlelo lwezemfundo, kuhambelana ngqo ne-index mass mass (BMI), ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-6 ubudala. Lokhu, kusho abacwaningi, kungenxa yokuthi izingane zibona, ngokwesilinganiso, izikhangiso ezingama-4,000 zethelevishini zokudla ngesikhathi sezineminyaka engu-5.

Ukuxhasa ukukhuluphala kwengane

Ngaphansi komthetho wamanje wentela, izinkampani zingadonsa izindleko zokumaketha nezokukhangisa emithethweni yazo engenayo, kufaka phakathi nalabo abathuthukisa ngonya ukudla okungenampilo ezinganeni. Ngo-2014, abomthetho bazama ukudlulisa umthethosivivinywa - {textend} i-Stop Subsidizing Childhood Obesity Act - {textend} ozoqeda ukuncishiswa kwentela yokukhangisa ngokudla okungenamsoco ezinganeni. Yayisekelwa yizinhlangano ezinkulu zezempilo kepha yafa eCongress.

Ukuqeda le minikelo yentela kungukungenelela okukodwa okunganciphisa ukukhuluphala kwengane, ngokusho kocwaningo olushicilelwe kwi-Health Affairs. Ososayensi abavela kwezinye zezikole eziphezulu zezempilo e-United States bahlole izindlela ezishibhile nezisebenzayo zokulwa nokukhuluphala ezinganeni, bathola ukuthi intela yemali yotshwala-iziphuzo ezinoshukela, ukuqeda uxhaso lwentela, nokubeka amazinga wokudla kokudla neziphuzo ezithengiswa ezikoleni ezingaphandle ukudla kwakuphumelela kakhulu.

Sekukonke, abacwaningi baphetha ngokuthi, lokhu kungenelela kungavimbela amacala amasha we-1,050,100 wokukhuluphala kwengane ngo-2025. Kuwo wonke amadola asetshenzisiwe, imali eyongiweyo kulindeleke ukuthi ibe phakathi kuka- $ 4.56 no- $ 32.53 ngesinyathelo ngasinye.

"Umbuzo obalulekile kubenzi bezinqubomgomo ngukuthi, kungani bengalandeli imigomo ebiza imali engavimbela ukukhuluphala kwengane futhi ebiza kancane ukuyisebenzisa kunalokho abangakongela umphakathi?" abacwaningi babhala ocwaningweni.

Ngenkathi imizamo yokufaka intela eziphuzweni ezinoshukela e-United States ijwayele ukubhekana nokuphikiswa okunzima okuvela embonini, iMexico yakhipha enye yezintela eziphakeme kakhulu ezweni lonke. Kuholele ekwehleni ngamaphesenti ayi-12 ekuthengisweni kwesoda ngonyaka wokuqala. E-Thailand, umkhankaso wakamuva oxhaswe nguhulumeni mayelana nokusetshenziswa kukashukela ukhombisa izithombe ezinyantisayo zezilonda ezivulekile, okukhombisa ukuthi isifo sikashukela esingalawulwa senza kanjani kube nzima ukuthi izilonda zipholile. Zifana namalebula anemifanekiso amanye amazwe anawo ekupakisheni kukagwayi.

Uma kukhulunywa ngesoda, i-Australia iyaluma ekukhangiseni okungalungile, kepha futhi iyikhaya lomunye wemikhankaso yezentengiso esebenza kakhulu ngekhulu lama-21.

Kusuka ezinganekwaneni kuya ekwabelaneni

Ngo-2008, uCoca-Cola wethule umkhankaso wokukhangisa e-Australia obizwa nge- “Motherness and Myth-Busting.” Bekukhona umlingisi uKerry Armstrong kanti inhloso bekuwukuqonda iqiniso likaCoca-Cola.

“Inganekwane. Kukwenza ukhuluphale. Inganekwane. Ibola amazinyo akho. Inganekwane. Egcwele i-caffeine, ”kwakuyizinkulumo ezaphikiswa yi-Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, ikakhulukazi umbono wokuthi umzali onomthwalo wemfanelo angafaka uCoke ekudleni komndeni futhi angakhathazeki ngemiphumela yezempilo. AbakwaCoca-Cola kwakudingeka benze izikhangiso ngo-2009 belungisa “izinganekwane” zabo eziqothuliwe ezathi iziphuzo zabo zinganikela ekukhuleni kwesisindo, ukukhuluphala, nokubola kwamazinyo.

Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, uCoke wayefuna umkhankaso omusha wesikhangiso sasehlobo. Ithimba labo lokukhangisa linikezwe inkululeko "yokuletha umbono ophazamisa ngempela ongaba sematheni," obhekiswe kwabasha nasebekhulile.

Umkhankaso we "Share a Coke", onamabhodlela afaka amagama ayi-150 ajwayelekile e-Australia, wazalwa. Ihunyushelwe kumathini namabhodlela ayizigidi ezingama-250 athengiswa ezweni labantu abayizigidi ezingama-23 ehlobo ngo-2012.Lo mkhankaso waba yinto eyenzeka emhlabeni wonke, njengoba uCoke, ngaleso sikhathi owayengumholi wezwe ekusetshenzisweni kweziphuzo ezinoshukela, wasebenzisa u- $ 3.3 billion ukukhangisa ngo-2012. I-Ogilvy, inkampani yezikhangiso eyaqhamuka nomama owayengusomabhizinisi kanye nemikhankaso ye-Share a Coke, yazuza eziningi imiklomelo, kufaka phakathi i-Creative Effectiveness Lion.

UZac Hutchings, waseBrisbane, wayeneminyaka engu-18 ngesikhathi umkhankaso uqala ukwethulwa. Ngenkathi ebona abangani bethumela amabhodlela anamagama abo ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, akuzange kumkhuthaze ukuthi athenge isoda.

"Ngaso leso sikhathi uma ngicabanga ukuphuza ngokweqile iCoke ngicabanga ukukhuluphala nesifo sikashukela," utshele uHealthline. "Ngivame ukuyigwema i-caffeine ngokuvamile uma ngikwazi, futhi nenani likashukela kuyo liyimbudane, kepha yingakho abantu bathanda ukunambitheka kahle?"

Bona ukuthi kungani sekuyisikhathi sokuthi #BreakUpWithSugar