Dermatomyositis: kuyini, izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Indlela yokwelapha

I-Dermatomyositis yisifo esingajwayelekile sokuvuvukala esithinta kakhulu imisipha nesikhumba, esidala ubuthakathaka bemisipha nezilonda zesikhumba. Kwenzeka kaningi kwabesifazane futhi kuvame kakhulu kubantu abadala, kepha kungavela kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-16, okubizwa nge-dermatomyositis yobuntwana.

Kwesinye isikhathi, i-dermatomyositis ihlotshaniswa nomdlavuza, okungaba wuphawu lokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza ezifana nomaphaphu, isifuba, i-ovari, i-prostate kanye nomdlavuza wekoloni. Ingabuye ihlotshaniswe nezinye izifo zokuzivikela komzimba, njenge-scleroderma kanye nesifo sezicubu ezihlanganisiwe, ngokwesibonelo. Futhi qonda ukuthi yini i- scleroderma.

Izimbangela zalesi sifo zivela kumuntu okuzenzakalelayo, lapho amaseli omzimba wakhe ahlasela khona imisipha futhi abangele ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba, futhi, yize isizathu salokhu kusabela kungakaqondakali ngokugcwele, kuyaziwa ukuthi sihlobene nezakhi zofuzo izinguquko, noma zithonywe ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile noma ukutheleleka ngegciwane. I-Dermatomyositis ayinalo ikhambi, ngakho-ke iyisifo esingelapheki, noma kunjalo, ukwelashwa ngama-corticosteroids noma izidakamizwa zokuzivikela kungasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu ze-dermatomyositis zingafaka:

• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni ze-scapular, pelvic kanye nomlomo wesibeletho, ngokulingana futhi ngokuya kancane kancane;
• Ukubukeka kwamabala noma izigaxa ezincane ezibomvu esikhunjeni, ikakhulukazi emajoyinweni eminwe, izindololwane namadolo, okuthiwa uphawu lukaGottron noma ama-papules;
• Amabala we-Violet emajwazini aphezulu, abizwa nge-heliotrope;
• Ubuhlungu obuhlangene nokuvuvukala;
• Imfiva;
• Ukukhathala;
• Kunzima ukugwinya;
• Ubuhlungu besisu;
• Ukuhlanza;
• Ukwehla kwesisindo.

Ngokuvamile, abantu abanalesi sifo bangakuthola kunzima ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke njengokukama izinwele zabo, ukuhamba, ukukhuphuka izitebhisi noma ukuvuka esihlalweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu zesikhumba zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu ngokuvezwa yilanga.

Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, noma lapho i-dermatomyositis ivela ngokuhlangana nezinye izifo ezizimele, ezinye izitho ezinjengenhliziyo, amaphaphu noma izinso nazo zingathinteka, zithinte ukusebenza kwazo futhi zidale izinkinga ezinkulu.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-dermatomyositis kwenziwa ngokuhlolwa kwezimpawu zesifo, ukuhlolwa komzimba kanye nokuhlolwa okufana ne-muscle biopsy, i-electromyography noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuthola ubukhona bezinto ezibonisa ukubhujiswa kwemisipha, njenge-CPK, DHL noma i-AST izivivinyo, isibonelo. isibonelo.

Kungaba khona ukukhiqizwa kwama-autoantibodies, njenge-myositis-specific antibodies (MSAs), anti-RNP noma anti MJ, ngokwesibonelo. engatholakala ngobuningi ekuhlolweni kwegazi.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi udokotela ahlukanise izimpawu zesikhumba esikwezinye izifo ezidala izimpawu ezifanayo, njenge-polymyositis noma i-myositis enezindikimba zokufakwa, nazo eziyizifo ezivuthayo zemisipha. Ezinye izifo okufanele zicatshangelwe yi-myofascitis, i-necrotizing myositis, i-polymyalgia rheumatica noma ukuvuvukala okubangelwa yimithi, njenge-clofibrate, simvastatin noma i-amphotericin, ngokwesibonelo.

Indlela yokwelapha

Ukwelashwa kwe-dermatomyositis kwenziwa ngokuya ngezimpawu ezethulwe yiziguli, kepha ezimweni eziningi kubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwe:

• Ama-Corticosteroids njengePrednisone, njengoba banciphisa ukuvuvukala emzimbeni;
• Ama-immunosuppressants njenge-Methotrexate, i-Azathioprine, i-Mycophenolate noma i-Cyclophosphamide, ukunciphisa ukuphendula kwamasosha omzimba;
• Amanye amakhambi, njenge-Hydroxychloroquine, njengoba zilusizo ekunciphiseni izimpawu zesikhumba, njengokuzwela ukukhanya, isibonelo.

La makhambi avame ukuphuzwa ngemithamo ephezulu nangezikhathi ezinde, futhi anomthelela wokunciphisa inqubo yokuvuvukala nokunciphisa izimpawu zesifo. Lapho le mithi ingasebenzi, enye indlela ukusebenzisa i-immunoglobulin yomuntu.

Kungenzeka futhi ukuba wenze izikhathi ze-physiotherapy, ngokuzivocavoca umzimba okusiza ukuqeda izimpawu nokugwema izinkontileka nokubuyiselwa emuva. I-Photoprotection nayo ikhonjisiwe, ngama-sunscreen, ukuvimbela ukwanda kwezilonda zesikhumba.

Lapho i-dermatomyositis ihlotshaniswa nomdlavuza, ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu ukwelapha umdlavuza, okuvame ukudala ukuthi izimpawu nezimpawu zesifo zikhululeke.