Kuyini ukuskena kwe-DEXA?

-Delile

• Kubiza malini?
• Imithi
• Yini inhloso yokuskena?
• Lapho udokotela wakho ezoku-oda i-DEXA
• Ukulinganisa ukwakheka komzimba
• Usilungiselela kanjani ukuskena i-DEXA?
• Injani inqubo?
• Isho ukuthini imiphumela?
• Uyini umbono?

Ukuskena kwe-DEXA wuhlobo lwe-X-ray olunemba kakhulu olinganisa ubukhulu bamathambo akho nokulahleka kwethambo. Uma ukuqina kwamathambo akho kungaphansi kokujwayelekile kweminyaka yakho, kukhombisa ubungozi bokuqhekeka kwamathambo namathambo.

I-DEXA imele amandla amabili we-X-ray absorptiometry. Le ndlela yasungulwa ukuze isetshenziselwe ukuhweba ngo-1987. Ithumela imishayo emibili ye-X-ray ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zamandla aphezulu emathanjeni.

Isiqongo esisodwa simuncwa izicubu ezithambile kanti esinye sithanjiswa ngamathambo. Lapho inani lokumunca izicubu ezithambile likhishwa kokumunca okuphelele, okusele kungukuxinana kwamaminerali akho.

Isivivinyo asidluli, siyashesha, futhi sinembe kakhulu kune-X ray ejwayelekile. Kubandakanya izinga eliphansi kakhulu lemisebe.

I-World Health Organisation (i-WHO) isungule i-DEXA njengenkambiso engcono kakhulu yokuhlola ukuminyana kwamathambo kwabesifazane abase-postmenopausal. I-DEXA yaziwa nangokuthi i-DXA noma i-bone densitometry.

Kubiza malini?

Izindleko zokuskena kwe-DEXA ziyehluka, kuya ngokuthi uhlala kuphi nohlobo lwesikhungo esenza isivivinyo.

Izinkampani zomshuwalense zivame ukumboza konke noma ingxenye yezindleko uma udokotela wakho eyalele ukuskena njengoba kudingekile ngokwezokwelapha. Ngomshuwalense, ungaba ne-copay.

I-American Board of Internal Medicine ilinganiselwa ku- $ 125 njengemali eyisisekelo ekhishwa ngaphandle kwephakethe. Ezinye izakhiwo zingakhokhisa kakhulu. Kungcono uhlole umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo, futhi uma kungenzeka, uthenge.

Imithi

I-Medicare Part B ihlanganisa ngokugcwele ukuhlolwa kwe-DEXA kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili, noma kaningi uma kunesidingo kwezokwelapha, uma uhlangabezana nokungenani eyodwa yalezi zindlela:

• Udokotela wakho unquma ukuthi usengozini ye-osteoporosis, ngokuya ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha.
• Ama-X-ray abonisa ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi i-osteoporosis, i-osteopenia, noma i-fractures.
• Uthatha umuthi we-steroid, njenge-prednisone.
• Une-hyperparathyroidism eyinhloko.
• Udokotela wakho ufuna ukuqapha ukubona ukuthi umuthi wakho we-osteoporosis uyasebenza yini.

Yini inhloso yokuskena?

Ukuskena kwe-DEXA kusetshenziselwa ukuthola ubungozi bakho bokukhumuzeka kwamathambo nokuphuka kwethambo. Ingasetshenziswa futhi ukuqapha ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kwamathambo kuyasebenza. Imvamisa ukuskena kuzokhomba umgogodla wakho ophansi kanye nezinqulu.

Ukuxilongwa okujwayelekile kwe-X-ray okusetshenziswe ngaphambi kokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-DEXA bekwazile ukuthola kuphela ukulahleka kwethambo okwakungaphezulu kwamaphesenti angama-40. I-DEXA ingakala ngaphakathi kwamaphesenti ama-2 kuye kumaphesenti ama-4 ngokunemba.

Ngaphambi kwe-DEXA, uphawu lokuqala lokulahleka kwesisindo samathambo kungaba lapho umuntu omdala esephule ithambo.

Lapho udokotela wakho ezoku-oda i-DEXA

Udokotela wakho angalawula ukuskena kwe-DEXA:

• uma ungowesifazane ongaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 noma owesilisa ongaphezu kweminyaka engama-70, okuyisincomo seNational Osteoporosis Foundation namanye amaqembu ezokwelapha
• uma unezimpawu ze-osteoporosis
• uma wephula ithambo ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala engama-50
• uma uneminyaka yobudala engama-50 kuya kwengama-59 noma owesifazane osesikhathini oseneminyaka engaphansi kwama-65 onezici eziyingozi

Izici zobungozi be-osteoporosis zifaka:

• ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi notshwala
• ukusetshenziswa kwama-corticosteroids nezinye izidakamizwa
• inkomba yomzimba ophansi
• ezinye izifo, ezifana nesifo samathambo
• ukungasebenzi
• umlando womndeni we-osteoporosis
• ukuphuka kwangaphambilini
• ukulahleka kokuphakama okungaphezu kwe-intshi

Ukulinganisa ukwakheka komzimba

Okunye ukusetshenziswa kwezikena ze-DEXA ukukala ukwakheka komzimba, imisipha emile, nezicubu ezinamafutha. I-DEXA inembe kakhulu kunenkomba yendabuko yomzimba (BMI) ekunqumeni amafutha amaningi. Isithombe somzimba esiphelele singasetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukwehla kwesisindo noma ukuqiniswa kwemisipha.

Usilungiselela kanjani ukuskena i-DEXA?

Izikena ze-DEXA imvamisa izinqubo zokugula kwabangaphandle. Awekho amalungiselelo akhethekile adingekayo, ngaphandle kokuyeka ukuthatha noma iziphi izithako ze-calcium amahora angama-24 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.

Gqoka izingubo zikanokusho. Ngokuya ngendawo yomzimba eskenwe, kungadingeka ukuthi ukhumule noma yiziphi izingubo ezinezihlanganisi zensimbi, uziphu, noma izingwegwe. Uchwepheshe angakucela ukuthi ususe noma yikuphi ubucwebe noma ezinye izinto, njengokhiye, ezingaqukatha insimbi.Unganikezwa ingubo yokugqoka esibhedlela lapho uzohlolwa.

Yazisa udokotela wakho kusengaphambili ukuthi ngabe uke waba ne-CT scan edinga ukusetshenziswa kwento ehlukile noma uhlolwe i-barium. Bangakucela ukuthi ulinde izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlela ukuskena kwe-DEXA.

Kufanele wazise udokotela ukuthi ukhulelwe noma usola ukuthi kungenzeka ukhulelwe. Bangase bafune ukuhlehlisa ukuskena kwe-DEXA kuze kube ngemuva kokuba usuthole ingane noma uthathe izinyathelo ezithile zokuqapha.

Injani inqubo?

Isisetshenziswa se-DEXA sifaka itafula elinephedi elilele kulo. Ingalo ehambayo ngenhla iphethe umtshina we-X-ray. Umshini okhiqiza ama-X-ray ungaphansi kwetafula.

Uchwepheshe uzokubeka etafuleni. Bangabeka i-wedge ngaphansi kwamadolo akho ukusiza ukuthambisa umgogodla wakho wesithombe, noma ukubeka inyonga yakho. Bangabeka futhi ingalo yakho ukuskena.

Uchwepheshe uzokucela ukuthi ubambe uthule ngenkathi ingalo yezithombe engenhla ihamba kancane emzimbeni wakho. Izinga lemisebe ye-X-ray liphansi ngokwanele ukuvumela uchwepheshe ukuthi ahlale ekamelweni nawe ngenkathi eqhuba ifoni.

Yonke le nqubo ithatha nje imizuzu embalwa.

Isho ukuthini imiphumela?

Imiphumela yakho ye-DEXA izofundwa yi-radiologist bese uyinikezwa wena nodokotela wakho ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.

Uhlelo lokushaya amagoli lokuskena lilinganisa ukulahleka kwethambo lakho kumuntu omdala osemncane onempilo, ngokusho kwamazinga asungulwe yi-WHO. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yisikolo sakho esingu-T. Kungukuphambuka okujwayelekile phakathi kokulahleka kwethambo kwakho okulinganisiwe kanye nesilinganiso.

• Amaphuzu we- -1 noma ngaphezulu kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile.
• Amaphuzu phakathi -1.1 no -2.4 kubhekwa njenge-osteopenia, ingozi eyengeziwe yokwaphuka.
• Amaphuzu we- -2.5 nangaphansi kubhekwa njenge-osteoporosis, ingozi enkulu yokuphuka.

Imiphumela yakho ingakunika nemiphumela engu-Z, efanisa ukulahleka kwethambo lakho nokwabanye eqenjini lakho.

Isilinganiso se-T isilinganiso sobungozi obulinganiselwe, hhayi ukubikezela ukuthi uzoba nokuphuka.

Udokotela wakho uzokuhlolela imiphumela yokuhlolwa. Bazoxoxa ngokuthi ngabe ukwelashwa kuyadingeka yini, nokuthi yiziphi izinketho zakho zokwelashwa. Udokotela angafuna ukulandelela ukuskena kwesibili kwe-DEXA eminyakeni emibili, ukukala noma yiziphi izinguquko.

Uyini umbono?

Uma imiphumela yakho ikhombisa i-osteopenia noma i-osteoporosis, udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nawe ngalokho ongakwenza ukuze unciphise ukulahleka kwethambo futhi uhlale uphilile.

Ukwelashwa kungahle kuhilele izinguquko zendlela yokuphila. Udokotela wakho angakweluleka ukuthi uqale izivivinyo ezithwala isisindo, izivivinyo zokulinganisela, ukuqinisa izivivinyo, noma uhlelo lokwehlisa isisindo.

Uma amazinga akho e-vitamin D noma e-calcium aphansi, angakuqala kuma-supplements.

Uma i-osteoporosis yakho inzima kakhulu, udokotela angakweluleka ukuthi uthathe esinye sezidakamizwa eziningi ezenzelwe ukuqinisa amathambo nokunciphisa ukulahleka kwethambo. Qiniseka ukuthi ubuza ngemiphumela emibi yanoma yikuphi ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa.

Ukwenza ushintsho lwendlela yokuphila noma ukuqala umuthi wokusiza ukwehlisa ukulahleka kwethambo lakho kungukutshalwa kwemali okuhle empilweni yakho nasekuphileni kwakho isikhathi eside. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi amaphesenti angama-50 abesifazane kanye namaphesenti angama-25 abesilisa abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-50 bazophuka ithambo ngenxa ye-osteoporosis, ngokusho kweNational Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF).

Kuyasiza futhi ukuhlala unolwazi ngezifundo ezintsha kanye nokwelashwa okusha okungenzeka. Uma unentshisekelo yokukhuluma nabanye abantu abane-osteoporosis, i-NOF inamaqembu okusekela ezweni lonke.