Ingabe i-HIV ibanga isifo sohudo?

-Delile

• Izimbangela zohudo ku-HIV
• Ukutheleleka kwamathumbu
• Ukuqhuma kwamagciwane
• I-HIV enteropathy
• Izinketho zokwelashwa
• Ukufuna usizo lwalesi sibonakaliso
• Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani?

Inkinga ejwayelekile

Igciwane lesandulela ngculaza lifaka amasosha omzimba engcupheni futhi lingaholela ezifweni ezingosomathuba ezidala izimpawu eziningi. Kungenzeka futhi ukuzwa izimpawu ezahlukahlukene lapho igciwane lidluliswa. Ezinye zalezi zimpawu, njengohudo, kungenzeka zivele ngenxa yokwelashwa.

Isifo sohudo singenye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu ze-HIV. Kungaba nzima noma kube mnene, kubangele izitulo ezivulekile ngezikhathi ezithile. Kungabuye kuqhubeke (okungapheli). Kulabo abaphila ne-HIV, ukukhomba imbangela yohudo kungasiza ekutholeni imishanguzo efanelekile yokuphathwa kwesikhathi eside kanye nempilo engcono.

Izimbangela zohudo ku-HIV

Uhudo lwe-HIV lunezimbangela eziningi ezingaba khona. Kungaba yisifo sokuqala se-HIV, esaziwa nangokuthi ukutheleleka nge-HIV okunamandla. Ngokusho kweMayo Clinic, i-HIV ikhiqiza izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane, kufaka phakathi isifo sohudo, zingakapheli izinyanga ezimbili idlulile. Zingaqhubeka amasonto ambalwa. Ezinye izimpawu zokutheleleka kakhulu nge-HIV zifaka:

• umkhuhlane noma amakhaza
• isicanucanu
• ukujuluka ebusuku
• ubuhlungu bemisipha noma ubuhlungu bamalunga
• ikhanda
• Umphimbo obuhlungu
• ukuqubuka
• ama-lymph node avuvukile

Yize lezi zimpawu zifana nalezo zomkhuhlane wonyaka, umehluko ukuthi umuntu usengazithola noma esethathe imishanguzo yomkhuhlane othengiswayo.

Uhudo olungalashwa luyingozi kakhulu. Kungaholela ekuphelelweni amanzi emzimbeni noma kwezinye izinkinga ezisongela impilo.

Ukudluliswa kokuqala kwegciwane akuyona ukuphela kwembangela yohudo ene-HIV. Futhi kungumphumela ojwayelekile ohlangothini lwemithi ye-HIV. Kanye nohudo, le mithi ingadala eminye imiphumela emibi efana nesicanucanu noma ubuhlungu besisu.

Imishanguzo yokuthithibalisa igciwane lengculazi inobungozi bokuhuda, kepha ezinye izigaba zama-antiretrovirals kungenzeka zibange isifo sohudo.

Isigaba esinamathuba amakhulu okubanga isifo sohudo yi-protease inhibitor. Uhudo luvame ukuhlotshaniswa nama-protease inhibitors amadala, njenge-lopinavir / ritonavir (Kaletra) ne-fosamprenavir (Lexiva), kunezintsha, njenge-darunavir (Prezista) ne-atazanavir (Reyataz).

Noma ngubani othatha i-antiretroviral ohlangabezana nohudo oluhlala njalo kufanele athinte abahlinzeki bakhe bezempilo.

Izinkinga zesisu (GI) zivamile kubantu abane-HIV. Isifo sohudo yisona sifo esivame kakhulu se-GI, ngokusho kwe-University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Medical Center. Izinkinga ze-GI ezihlobene ne-HIV ezingaholela kuhudo zifaka:

Ukutheleleka kwamathumbu

Ezinye izifo zihlukile kwi-HIV, njenge I-Mycobacteriumavium okuyinkimbinkimbi (MAC). Abanye, abanjengo I-Cryptosporidium, kubangela ukuhuda okulinganiselwe kubantu abangenayo i-HIV, kodwa kungaba okungapheli kubantu abane-HIV. Esikhathini esedlule, isifo sohudo esivela kwi-HIV sasibangelwa kakhulu yilolu hlobo lokutheleleka. Kodwa uhudo olungabangelwa ukutheleleka kwamathumbu seluvame kakhulu.

Ukuqhuma kwamagciwane

Ukwanda kwamabhaktheriya ngamathumbu amancane kungenzeka kubantu abane-HIV. Izinkinga zamathumbu zingenza umuntu one-HIV abe sethubeni lokuthola ukwanda kwamagciwane. Lokhu kungaholela kuhudo kanye nezinye izingqinamba zokugaya ukudla.

I-HIV enteropathy

Igciwane lesandulela ngculaza uqobo lwalo kungaba yigciwane elibanga isifo sohudo. Ngokusho kuka, umuntu one-HIV onesifo sohudo isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga uthola ukuthi une-HIV enteropathy uma kungekho esinye isizathu esitholakele.

Izinketho zokwelashwa

Uma isifo sohudo sihlala siyinkinga eqhubekayo ngenkathi uthatha imishanguzo yokuthithibalisa igciwane lengculazi, umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo anganikeza uhlobo oluthile lwemithi. Ungayeki ukuthatha imishanguzo ye-HIV ngaphandle uma uqondiswa ngumhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Yeka imishanguzo ye-HIV, futhi igciwane lingaqala ukuziphindaphinda ngokushesha emzimbeni. Ukuphindaphinda okusheshayo kungaholela kumakhophi egciwane eliguqukile, okungaholela ekumelaneni nemithi.

Ososayensi basebenze ukudala imithi yokunciphisa isifo sohudo. ICrofelemer (eyayiyiFulyzaq phambilini, kodwa manje esaziwa ngegama elithi Mytesi) umuthi kadokotela oqeda isifo sohudo wokwelapha isifo sohudo esingathathelani. Ngo-2012, i-U.S.Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yavuma i-crofelemer ukwelapha isifo sohudo esibangelwe yimithi elwa ne-HIV.

Uhudo lungaphathwa ngamakhambi asekhaya kanye nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila ezinjenge:

• ukuphuza iziphuzo ezicacile
• ukugwema i-caffeine
• ukugwema ukudla imikhiqizo yobisi
• ukudla amagremu angama-20 noma ngaphezulu kwe-fiber encibilikayo ngosuku
• ukugwema ukudla okunamafutha, okubabayo

Uma kukhona ukutheleleka okuyisisekelo okubangela isifo sohudo, umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzosebenza ukuselapha. Ungaqali ukuthatha noma imuphi umuthi wokumisa isifo sohudo ngaphandle kokuqala ukhulume nomhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.

Ukufuna usizo lwalesi sibonakaliso

Ukubhekana nohudo oluhlobene ne-HIV kungathuthukisa izinga lempilo nenduduzo. Kodwa futhi kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi isifo sohudo esingapheli singaba yingozi futhi kufanele silashwe ngokushesha okukhulu. Uhudo olunegazi, noma uhudo olunomkhuhlane, luvumela ukufonelwa ngokushesha kumhlinzeki wezempilo.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani?

Isikhathi sohudo kumuntu one-HIV sincike embangela yakhe. Lowo muntu angahle abe nesifo sohudo njengengxenye yesifo esibi sokutheleleka. Futhi bangahle babone iziqephu ezimbalwa ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa.

Uhudo lungase lucace ngemuva kokushintshela emithini ngokuvamile engabangeli lo mphumela wecala. Ukwenza ushintsho oluthile lokuphila noma ukuthatha imishanguzo enqunyelwe ukwelapha isifo sohudo kunganikeza ukukhululeka ngokushesha.

Enye inkinga engathinta isikhathi sohudo ukungondleki. Abantu abane-HIV engapheli abangondlekile kahle bangaba nohudo olubi kakhulu. Lolu daba luvame kakhulu emazweni asathuthuka lapho ukungondleki kuyinkinga kubantu abane-HIV nabangenayo. Ucwaningo oluthile lwalinganisela ukuthi kubo bonke abantu abane-HIV ezindaweni ezisathuthuka banesifo sohudo esingalapheki. Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo anganquma ukuthi ukungondleki kuyinkinga yini futhi asikisele ushintsho ekudleni ukuze alungise lokho.