I-encephalitis yegciwane: kuyini, izimpawu eziyinhloko nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ingabe i-virus encephalitis iyathathelana?
• Yelashwa kanjani
• I-sequelae engenzeka

I-virus encephalitis ukutheleleka kwesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi edala ukuvuvukala kobuchopho futhi kuthinta kakhulu izingane nezingane, kepha futhi kungenzeka nakwabantu abadala abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka.

Lolu hlobo lokutheleleka lungaba yinkinga yokutheleleka ngamagciwane ajwayelekile, njenge-herpes simplex, i-adenovirus noma i-cytomegalovirus, ekhula ngokweqile ngenxa yesistimu yomzimba ebuthakathaka, futhi engathinta ubuchopho, idale izimpawu ezifana nekhanda elibi kakhulu. , umkhuhlane nokuquleka.

I-virus encephalitis iyelapheka, kepha ukwelashwa kufanele kuqalwe ngokushesha ukuvimbela ukuqala kwe-sequelae ngenxa yomonakalo odalwe ukuvuvukala ebuchosheni. Ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka kukhona ukusola noma ukwanda kwezifo ezikhona ngaso sonke isikhathi kuyalulekwa ukuya esibhedlela ukuyohlola isimo.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu zokuqala ze-virus encephalitis yimiphumela yokutheleleka ngegciwane, okufana nokubanda noma i-gastroenteritis, enjengekhanda, umkhuhlane nokuhlanza, okuqhubeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kudale ukulimala kobuchopho okuholela ekubonakaleni kwezimpawu ezimbi kakhulu ezifana nokuthi:

• Ukuquleka;
• Ukudideka nokuyaluza;
• Ukudlikizela;
• Ukukhubazeka kwemisipha noma ubuthakathaka;
• Ukulahleka kwememori;
• Ukuqina komqala nentamo;
• Ukuzwela okukhulu ekukhanyeni.

Izimpawu ze-encephalitis yegciwane azihlali ziqondile ngokutheleleka, ukudideka nezinye izifo ezifana ne-meningitis noma imikhuhlane. Ukutheleleka kutholakala ngokuhlolwa kwegazi ne-cerebrospinal fluid, i-electroencephalogram (EEG), imaging resonance imaging noma i-computed tomography, noma i-brain biopsy.

Ingabe i-virus encephalitis iyathathelana?

I-virus encephalitis uqobo ayithelelani, kepha, njengoba kuyinkinga yokutheleleka ngegciwane, kungenzeka ukuthi igciwane ekuqaleni kwalo lingadluliselwa ngokuxhumana nezimfihlo zokuphefumula, njengokukhwehlela noma ukuthimula, kumuntu onegciwane noma ngokusebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezingcolisiwe, ezifana nezimfoloko, imimese noma izingilazi, isibonelo.

Kulokhu, kujwayelekile ukuthi umuntu obambe leli gciwane ahlakulele lesi sifo hhayi inkinga, okuyi-virus encephalitis.

Yelashwa kanjani

Inhloso enkulu yokwelashwa ukusiza umzimba ukulwa nokutheleleka nokuqeda izimpawu. Ngakho-ke, ukuphumula, ukudla nokudla uketshezi kubalulekile ukwelapha lesi sifo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela futhi angakhombisa amakhambi okudambisa izimpawu ezinjengalezi:

• IParacetamol noma iDipyrone: kunciphisa umkhuhlane futhi kudambisa ikhanda;
• Ama-anticonvulsants, njengeCarbamazepine noma iPhenytoin: vimbela ukubonakala kokuquleka;
• Ama-Corticosteroids, njengeDexamethasone: ukulwa nokuvuvukala kobuchopho ngokususa izimpawu.

Endabeni yegciwane le-herpes noma ukutheleleka kwe-cytomegalovirus, udokotela angaphinde anikeze imishanguzo, efana ne-Acyclovir noma iFoscarnet, ukuqeda amagciwane ngokushesha okukhulu, ngoba lezi zifo zingadala umonakalo omkhulu ebuchosheni.

Ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu, lapho umuntu elahlekelwa ukwazi khona noma umuntu engakwazi ukuphefumula eyedwa, kungadingeka ukuthi ungeniswe esibhedlela ukuze welashwe ngemithi ngqo emthanjeni futhi uthole ukwesekwa kokuphefumula, isibonelo.

I-sequelae engenzeka

I-sequelae ejwayelekile kakhulu ye-encephalitis yegciwane yilezi:

• Ukukhubazeka kwemisipha;
• Izinkinga zememori nokufunda;
• Ubunzima ekukhulumeni nasekuzweni;
• Izinguquko ezibonakalayo;
• Isifo sokuwa;
• Ukunyakaza kwemisipha okungazinikeli.

La ma-sequelae ngokuvamile avela kuphela uma ukutheleleka kuhlala isikhathi eside futhi ukwelashwa kungazange kube nemiphumela elindelekile.