I-Endometrium: iyini, ikuphi futhi kungenzeka nezifo

-Delile

• Izinguquko ze-Endometrial ngezigaba
• I-Endometrium ekukhulelweni
• Izifo eziyinhloko ezithinta i-Endometrium
• 1. Umdlavuza we-Endometrial
• 2. I-polyp endometrial
• 3. I-endometrial hyperplasia
• 4. I-Adenomyosis

I-endometrium izicubu ezibeka isibeletho ngaphakathi futhi ubukhulu baso buyahlukahluka kumjikelezo wokuya esikhathini ngokuya ngokuhluka kokuhlungwa kwamahomoni egazini.

Kuku-endometrium lapho ukufakwa kombungu kwenzeka, kuqala ukukhulelwa, kepha ukuze lokhu kwenzeke, i-endometrium kumele ibe nobukhulu obulungile futhi ingabi nazimpawu zesifo. Uma kungekho ukuvundiswa, izicubu zomzimba, nokuya esikhathini kuyabonakala.

Izinguquko ze-Endometrial ngezigaba

Ubukhulu be-endometrium buyahlukahluka njalo ngenyanga kubo bonke abesifazane abaneminyaka yobudala yokuzala, okukhomba izigaba zomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini:

1. Isigaba sokuqhubeka:Ngemuva nje kokuya esikhathini, i-endometrium ihlutshulwe ngokuphelele futhi ilungele ukukhula ngosayizi, lesi sigaba sibizwa ngokuthi siyanda, futhi kule nkathi i-estrogen ikhuthaza ukukhishwa kwamaseli akhulisa ukushuba kwawo, kanye nemithambo yegazi nezindlala ze-exocrine.
2. Isigaba semfihlo:Esigabeni semfihlo, esenzeka ngesikhathi esivundile, i-estrogen ne-progesterone kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi i-endometrium inazo zonke izakhamzimba ezidingekayo ukuze kufakelwe futhi kudliwe umbungu. Uma kunokukhulelwa futhi umbungu ukwazile ukuhlala ku-endometrium, 'ukukhishwa' okubomvana noma izindawo zekhofi kungabonakala phakathi nosuku lwakhe oluvundile, kepha uma kungekho ukukhulelwa, ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa owesifazane uzoya esikhathini. Yazi ukuthi ungazibona kanjani izimpawu zokukhulelwa nokwakha isidleke.
3. Isigaba sokuya esikhathini: Uma ukukhulelwa kungenzeki ngesikhathi esivundile, okuyisikhathi lapho i-endometrium isishubile khona, lesi sicubu manje sizongena esigabeni saso sokuya esikhathini bese sehla ngobukhulu ngenxa yokwehla okungazelelwe kwamahomoni egazini nokwehla kokunisela kwezicubu. Lezi zinguquko zenza i-endometrium ikhululeke kancane kancane odongeni lwesibeletho, okwenza kuphume ukopha esikwaziyo ngokuya esikhathini.

I-endometrium ingahlolwa kusetshenziswa izivivinyo ze-gynecological imaging, njenge-pelvic ultrasound, colposcopy kanye ne-magnetic resonance imaging, ngokwesibonelo, lapho udokotela wezifo zabesifazane ehlola khona noma yiziphi izimpawu zesifo noma ushintsho kule nyama. Yazi ezinye izivivinyo ezicelwe ngudokotela wezifo zabesifazane.

I-Endometrium ekukhulelweni

I-endometrium ekahle yokukhulelwa ileyo ekala cishe u-8mm futhi isesigabeni esiyimfihlo, ngoba i-endometrium ezacile noma e-atrophic, elinganisa ngaphansi kuka-6mm, ayikwazi ukuvumela ingane ukuba ikhule. Imbangela enkulu ye-endometrium ezacile ukungabi bikho kweprogesterone, kepha lokhu kungenzeka futhi ngokusetshenziswa kwezindlela zokuvimbela inzalo, isibeletho sezinsana kanye nokulimala ngemuva kokukhipha isisu noma umuthi wokwelapha.

Ubukhulu obuncane bokukhulelwa bungu-8 mm kanti okulungile cishe kungu-18 mm. Kwabesifazane lapho lokhu kungenzeki ngokwemvelo, udokotela anganquma ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yehomoni efana ne-Utrogestan, Evocanil noma iDuphaston ukukhulisa ukushuba kwe-endometrium, okwenza kube lula ukufakwa kombungu esibelethweni.

Ubukhulu besethenjwa se-endometrium ngemuva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini ngu-5 mm, ongabonakala kwi-ultrasound engaphandle. Kulesi sigaba, lapho ubukhulu bungaphezu kuka-5 mm, udokotela uzo-oda uchungechunge lokunye ukuhlolwa ukuze ahlole kangcono lowo wesifazane futhi aqaphele ezinye izimpawu ezingaveza izifo ezingaba khona ezifana nomdlavuza we-endometrium, i-polyp, i-hyperplasia noma i-adenomyosis, isibonelo.

Izifo eziyinhloko ezithinta i-Endometrium

Izinguquko ku-endometrium kungenzeka ngenxa yezifo ezingelashwa futhi zilawulwe ngokusetshenziswa kwamahomoni futhi, kwezinye izimo, ukuhlinzwa. Ukulandelelwa kwezokwelapha kubalulekile ukugwema izinkinga zesifo ngasinye, ukugcina impilo yesibeletho nokwandisa amathuba okukhulelwa. Izifo ezivame kakhulu ezihlobene ne-endometrium yilezi:

1. Umdlavuza we-Endometrial

Isifo esivame kakhulu esithinta i-endometrium umdlavuza we-endometrium. Lokhu kungatholakala kalula ngoba uphawu lwayo oluphambili ukopha ngaphandle kokuya esikhathini. Endabeni yabesifazane asebevele badlula esikhathini sokuya esikhathini futhi abaya esikhathini unyaka owodwa, lesi sifo sibonakala ngokushesha.

Kulabo abangakafiki esikhathini sokuya esikhathini uphawu oluyinhloko ukwanda kwenani legazi elilahlekile ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini. Udinga ukuthi uziqaphele lezi zimpawu bese ubheka udokotela wezifo zabesifazane khona manjalo, ngoba lapho inkinga itholakala ngokushesha, maningi namathuba okwelashwa. Funda ukuthi ungawukhomba kanjani umdlavuza we-endometrium.

2. I-polyp endometrial

Ama-polyps atholakala esifundeni se-endometrium ayingozi futhi abonakala kalula ngoba enza izimpawu ezinjengokulahleka kwegazi ngaphambi noma ngemuva kokuya esikhathini noma ubunzima bokukhulelwa. Lolu shintsho luvame kakhulu ngemuva kokuyeka ukuya esikhathini futhi luvame ukwenzeka kwabesifazane abathatha imishanguzo efana neTamoxifen.

Isikhathi esiningi lesi sifo sitholakala kwi-ultrasound ekhombisa ukwanda kobukhulu baso. Ukwelashwa kungokhetho lukadokotela wezifo zabesifazane kepha kungenziwa ngokususwa ngama-polyps ngokuhlinzwa, ikakhulukazi uma owesifazane emncane futhi efuna ukukhulelwa, kepha ezimweni eziningi akudingekile ukuthi uhlinzwe, noma uthathe imishanguzo yamahomoni, ukwenza ukuqapha icala njalo ezinyangeni eziyi-6 ukubheka noma yiziphi izinguquko.

3. I-endometrial hyperplasia

Ukwanda kobukhulu be-endometrium kubizwa nge-endometrial hyperplasia, okujwayeleke kakhulu ngemuva kweminyaka engama-40. Uphawu lwayo olukhulu ukuphuma igazi ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, ngaphezu kobuhlungu, i-colic yesisu nokwandiswa kwesibeletho, okungabonakala kwi-ultrasound engaphandle.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-endometrial hyperplasia futhi akuzona zonke ezihlobene nomdlavuza. Ukwelashwa kwayo kungabandakanya imishanguzo yamahomoni, ukwelashwa noma ukuhlinzwa, ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu. Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-endometrial hyperplasia.

4. I-Adenomyosis

I-Adenomyosis yenzeka lapho izicubu ezingaphakathi kwezindonga zesibeletho zikhula ngosayizi, zidala izimpawu ezifana nokopha kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini kanye nezinsika ezenza impilo ibe nzima kwabesifazane, kanye nobuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuxhumana okusondelene, ukuqunjelwa nokuvuvukala kwesisu. Izimbangela zayo azaziwa ngokugcwele, kepha kungenzeka ngenxa yokuhlinzwa kwabesifazane noma ukulethwa ngokuhlinzwa, ngokwesibonelo, i-adenomyosis ingavela ngemuva kokukhulelwa.

Ukwelashwa kungenziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwezindlela zokuvimbela inzalo, ukufakwa kwe-IUD noma ukuhlinzwa ukuze kukhishwe isibeletho, ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, lapho izimpawu zicasula kakhulu futhi lapho kunokuphikisana nokusetshenziswa kwemithi yehomoni. Funda kabanzi nge-Adenomyosis.