Ukuxhunyelelwa kwesikhumba: kuyini, yiziphi izinhlobo nokuthi inqubo yenziwa kanjani

-Delile

• Izinhlobo zokuxhunyelelwa kwesikhumba
• 1. Ukuxhunyelelwa kwesikhumba okuyingxenye noma okuphelele
• 2. I-graft elula noma eyinhlanganisela
• 3. Ama-autografts we-Heterologous, ama-allografts noma ama-graft
• Lapho kudingeka ukwenza okuhlanganisiwe
• Ukulungiselela kanjani
• Injani inqubo
• Ukunakekela
• Izinkinga ezingenzeka

Okufakwe esikhunjeni yizicucu zesikhumba ezisuswa endaweni eyodwa yomzimba ziye kwenye, lapho kudingeka khona ukufaka indawo yesikhumba esonakele, ezimeni ezinjengokusha, izifo zofuzo, ama-dermatoses angapheli, umdlavuza wesikhumba noma ukungenelela okuthile kokuhlinzwa.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokufakelwa, okungahlanganisa ukudluliswa kwesikhumba okuphelele noma okuyingxenye, okungavela emzimbeni uqobo noma komunye umuntu futhi okungahle kube lula noma kuhlanganiswe nezinye izakhiwo, isibonelo, uqwanga.

Inqubo yezokwelapha izoncika endaweni yokufakelwa kanye nohlobo lokuxhunyelelwa okuhloswe ukuthi lwenziwe futhi ukululama kufanele kwenziwe ekuqaleni esibhedlela futhi, ngemuva kokukhishwa, ukunakekelwa okukhonjiswe ngudokotela kumele kwamukelwe ukuze ukugwema izinkinga.

Izinhlobo zokuxhunyelelwa kwesikhumba

Ukukhethwa kohlobo lokuxhunyelelwa oluzosetshenziswa kunqunywa udokotela futhi kuya ngezimpawu zendawo, ubukhulu nezakhiwo zesifunda lapho sizosetshenziswa khona. Isifunda sesikhumba sabanikeli kufanele sihambisane ngangokunokwenzeka nomamukeli.

Izinhlobo zokuxhunyelelwa zingahlelwa ngokulandelayo:

1. Ukuxhunyelelwa kwesikhumba okuyingxenye noma okuphelele

Ukuxhunyelelwa kwesikhumba okuyingxenye kuqukethe uhlobo olulodwa kuphela lwezicubu. Lezi zinhlaka zinengxenye yesikhumba kuphela futhi zingaba mncane, ziphakathi noma ziqine.

Lolu hlobo lokuxhunyelelwa luntekenteke ngokwengeziwe futhi luvame ukusetshenziselwa izilonda zesikhumba ezinkulu, ukukhubazeka kolwelwesi lwamafinyila noma ngaphezu kwezifunda zemisipha, isibonelo.

Ingqikithi yesikhumba sembumbulu ifaka wonke ama-dermis, kufaka phakathi izintambo zezinwele, izindlala ezibusayo nezithukuthuku nezinzwa, ngaleyo ndlela kugcinwe izici zesikhumba esijwayelekile. Njengoba inenqwaba yezicubu ezidinga ukuvuselelwa kwemisipha, idinga izimo ezingcono zokusinda.

Lokhu kungenelela kulungele indawo yobuso noma izifunda ezibonakala kakhulu, ngoba ziveza umbala nokuthungwa kusondele esikhunjeni esijwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, futhi zilungele izingane, njengoba zingakhula ngokujwayelekile njengoba izingane zikhula.

2. I-graft elula noma eyinhlanganisela

Ukufakwa okulula kuqukethe uhlobo olulodwa kuphela lwezicubu, kuyilapho izingxenyana ezihlanganisiwe zifaka isikhumba nolunye uhlobo lwezicubu, isibonelo, uqwanga. Lolu hlobo lokuxhunyelelwa lusetshenziswa lapho kudingeka ukusekelwa okwengeziwe, ngokwesibonelo ekwakheni kabusha izindlebe noma ikhala.

3. Ama-autografts we-Heterologous, ama-allografts noma ama-graft

Ngokuqondene nomsuka, okuhlanganiswayo kungahlukaniswa njenge-autografts, lapho kuvunwa emzimbeni womuntu, noma ama-allograft, lapho kuvunwa komunye umuntu.

Ama-allografts ngokuvamile asetshenziswa kubantu abalahlekelwa inani elikhulu lesikhumba ngenxa yokusha, isibonelo. Kulezi zimo, ama-allografti avela kumalungu omndeni noma okokugqoka kwezinto eziphilayo kungasetshenziswa.

Lapho kudingeka ukwenza okuhlanganisiwe

Ukuxhunyelelwa kwesikhumba kukhonjiswa ezimweni ezinjenge:

• Ukusha okujulile;
• Ukutheleleka kwesikhumba;
• Izilonda zengcindezi;
• Imihuzuko;
• Ukuhlukumezeka;
• Isikhumba i-necrosis ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka noma ukuhlinzwa;
• Ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa;
• Umdlavuza wesikhumba.

Futhi wazi ukuthi kwenzelwa ini nokuxhunyelelwa kwamafutha nokuthi inqubo yenziwa kanjani.

Ukulungiselela kanjani

Ngaphambi kwenqubo yokwelashwa, umuntu kufanele anake imiyalo kadokotela, njengemithi okufanele ayiphuze noma ayiyeke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungadingeka ukungadli noma ukuphuza ngosuku olungaphambi kokuhlinzwa.

Injani inqubo

Inqubo iyahlukahluka kuye ngesifunda okufanele siphathwe, ubukhulu bokuxhunyelelwa kanye nesimo sempilo yomuntu.

Ngokuvamile, isiqeshana sesikhumba somnikeli siyaqoqwa, okuthi, ezimweni eziningi, kube ngumuntu uqobo. Ukuxhunyelelwa kwesikhumba kungasuswa endaweni ebucayi yomzimba, njengasesinqeni noma ngaphandle kwethanga, isisu, isikhwehlela noma ingalo, isibonelo.

Ngemuva kwalokho, lokhu kuhlunyelelwa kuzobekwa udokotela ohlinzayo endaweni yokufakelwa, engavikeleka ngokugqoka okuhlinzekwayo, ukudla okuyisisekelo noma imithungo.

Ukunakekela

Ngemuva kwenqubo, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlale esibhedlela ukuze uthole ukunakekelwa okudingekayo futhi ubone ukuthi umzimba awulwenqabeli yini uhlaziyo.

Lapho umuntu ekhishwa esibhedlela, udokotela angahle anikeze imishanguzo yezinhlungu nemiyalelo yokunakekela ukufakelwa kanye nesifunda lapho isuswe khona, ukugwema ukutheleleka.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

Kwezinye izimo, ukusetshenziswa kokuxhunyelelwa kwesikhumba kungaholela ezinkingeni, njengokuhlehliswa kwe-graft, ukuguqulwa kombala, i-hematoma kanye nokutheleleka, futhi kufanele kulashwe ngokushesha.