Ukuqina: kuyini, izimbangela, izimpawu nokuthi kunjani ukwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimbangela zokuqina
• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Yelashwa kanjani
• 1. Amakhambi
• 2. I-Physiotherapy
• 3. Izicelo ze botox

Ukuqothuka yisimo esibonakala ngokwanda okungazibandakanyi kokuciphizwa kwemisipha, okungavela kunoma yisiphi isicubu somzimba, okungenza kube nzima kumuntu ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke, njengokukhuluma, ukuhamba nokudla, ngokwesibonelo.

Lesi simo senzeka ngenxa yomonakalo othile engxenyeni yobuchopho noma intambo yomgogodla elawula ukunyakaza kwemisipha ngokuzithandela, okungaba ngenxa yesifo sohlangothi noma kube ngumphumela wokukhubazeka kobuchopho. Kodwa-ke, kuya ngokuphazamiseka kobuchopho, ukuqina kungaba buthakathaka, kuthinte isethi encane yemisipha, noma kukhule kakhulu futhi kuholele ekukhubazekeni kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba.

Ukuqothuka yisimo esingelapheki, okusho ukuthi, asinakulapheka, kepha kungenzeka ukunciphisa izimpawu ngokusebenzisa i-physiotherapy, ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ekhonjiswe ngudokotela wezifo zemizwa, njengezidambisi zemisipha, noma ngokusebenzisa okwenziwe endaweni botox. 

Izimbangela zokuqina

Ukuqothuka kungavela kumuntu one-cerebral palsy, ngoba ukulimala ebuchosheni okwenzeka kulezi zimo kuthinta ithoni yemisipha, okungamandla okwenza imisipha ukunyakaza, okhubaza ukunyakaza kwezingalo nemilenze, ngokwesibonelo.

Abantu abake balimala kabuhlungu ebuchosheni, ngenxa yengozi, bangakhula babe muncu, okuvela ngenxa yokulimala ebuchosheni noma kwi-cerebellum, futhi lokhu kwenza ukuthi izinzwa zingakwazi ukuthumela umyalezo wokunyakaza kwemisipha.

Ukweqisa futhi kuvame kakhulu kubantu abane-multiple sclerosis, njengoba lesi sifo esizimele sibangela ukukhubazeka kwesistimu yezinzwa ethinta ukunyakaza kwemisipha. Bheka ukuthi yini i-multiple sclerosis, izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izimo ezingadala ukuqothuka yi-encephalitis, i-meningitis enamandla, isifo sohlangothi, i-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, i-phenylketonuria ne-adrenoleukodystrophy, eyaziwa nangokuthi isifo sikaLorenzo.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu zokuphamba zincike ebukhulwini bezilonda ebuchosheni noma emgogodleni, kepha zingavela:

• Ukuncipha kokuzithandela kwemisipha;
• Kunzima ukugoba imilenze noma izingalo;
• Ubuhlungu emisipheni ethintekile;
• Ukuwela imilenze ngokungazithandi;
• Ukukhubazeka okuhlangene;
• Ukudumba kwemisipha.

Ngenxa yezinguquko zemisipha, umuntu onamafutha angahle abe nokuma okungalungile, agoqwe izingalo, izinyawo nezinyawo ziluliwe ikhanda lincikiswe kolunye uhlangothi.

Izimpawu zokuqina okuvezwa ngumuntu zibalulekile kudokotela ukuze akwazi ukuhlola ubukhulu benguquko futhi, ngaleyo ndlela, akhombise ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ubunzima buhlolwa ngokusho kwesilinganiso sokulinganisa se-Ashworth ku:

• Ibanga 0: isiguli asivezi ukusikwa kwemisipha;
• Ibanga 1: ukusikwa okuncane kwemisipha;
• Ibanga 2: ukukhuphuka kwesisindo semisipha, nokumelana nokunyakaza okuthile;
• Ibanga 3: ukwanda okukhulu kokuhlushwa kwemisipha, kube nzima ukugoba izitho;
• Ibanga 4: imisipha eqinile futhi engenakwenzeka ukunyakaza.

Ngakho-ke, ngokusho kobunzima, kungenzeka ukuqala ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu, ukuze izinga lokuqina linciphe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi kukhushulwe ikhwalithi yempilo yomuntu.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kokuqina ngokweqile kufanele kuqondiswe yisazi sezinzwa, njengoba kudingeka ukuhlola imbangela yezinzwa ebangela inkinga, kanye nobukhulu benguquko. Izinketho zifaka:

1. Amakhambi

Imvamisa kusetshenziswa amakhambi okuqina, njenge-baclofen noma i-diazepam, esiza imisipha ukuba ikhululeke futhi iqede izimpawu zobuhlungu, isibonelo. Eminye imishanguzo engakhonjiswa futhi yi-benzodiazepines, i-clonidine noma i-tizanidine, eyehlisa ukudluliswa kwesikhuthazi futhi yenza lula ukuphumula kwemisipha.

2. I-Physiotherapy

Ukwenza ngcono izimpawu zokuqina kungabuye kunconywe ukwelashwa ngokomzimba ukugcina ukuphakama kwamalunga nokugwema ezinye izinkinga, njengokuqina kwamalunga, ngenxa yokuntuleka kokusetshenziswa kwelungu lomzimba elithintekile. I-Physiotherapy ekuphambeni ingenziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwe:

• I-Cryotherapy: ukusetshenziswa kwamakhaza emisipheni ethintekile ukunciphisa okwesikhashana isignali ye-reflex ebangela ukuthi imisipha ingene;
• Ukushisa isicelo: ivumela ukuphumula kwesikhashana kwemisipha, ukunciphisa ubuhlungu;
• I-Kinesiotherapy: inqubo yokufundisa umuntu ukuthi aphile ngokuqina, ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo noma ukusetshenziswa kwamathambo;
• Ukugqugquzela kagesi: ukugqugquzela ngokushaqeka okuncane kagesi okusiza ukulawula ukusikwa kwemisipha.

Ukuzivocavoca nge-Physiotherapy kufanele kwenziwe okungenani kabili ngesonto nodokotela we-physiotherapist futhi ungenza izivivinyo ezifundiswa nsuku zonke ekhaya. Lokhu kwelashwa kusiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu zokuqina futhi kusebenze ukusebenza kwemisebenzi yansuku zonke.

3. Izicelo ze botox

Imijovo ye- botox, ebizwa nangokuthi i-botulinum toxin, ingasetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukuqina kwemisipha nokwenza lula ukunyakaza ngokuhlanganyela, kusize umuntu enze imisebenzi yansuku zonke ngisho nezikhathi ze-physiotherapy.

Le mijovo kufanele ikhonjiswe ngudokotela futhi isebenze ngokunciphisa ukucindezela kwemisipha okungazibandakanyi, kepha isenzo sabo sinesikhathi esinqunyiwe, phakathi kwezinyanga ezi-4 kuye onyakeni owodwa, okujwayeleke kakhulu ukuthi kudingeke ukuthi baphendukele kumthamo omusha wale nto ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha Isicelo sokuqala. O botox kungakhonjiswa futhi ukuphatha ukwenama ezinganeni. Bona ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-botox.