Ukuhlolwa okungu-7 ukuhlola impilo yenhliziyo

-Delile

• 1. I-X-ray yesifuba
• 2. I-Electrocardiogram
• 3. M.A.P.A
• 4. UHolter
• 5. Ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi
• 6. I-Echocardiogram
• 7. I-scintigraphy ye-Myocardial
• Ukuhlolwa kwelabhoratri ukuhlola inhliziyo

Ukusebenza kwenhliziyo kungahlolwa ngokuhlolwa okuningana okufanele kuboniswe ngudokotela wenhliziyo noma udokotela ojwayelekile ngokomlando womtholampilo womuntu.

Ezinye izivivinyo, njenge-electrocardiogram, i-X-ray yesifuba, zingenziwa ngokujwayelekile ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwenhliziyo, kanti ezinye izivivinyo, njenge-myocardial scintigraphy, test stress, echocardiogram, MAP kanye ne-holter, isibonelo, kwenziwa lapho kusolwa izifo ezithile, njenge-angina noma i-arrhythmias.

Ngakho-ke, izivivinyo eziyinhloko zokuhlola inhliziyo yilezi:

1. I-X-ray yesifuba

I-X-ray noma i-radiography yesifuba wukuhlolwa okuhlola umugqa wenhliziyo ne-aorta, ngaphezu kokuhlola ukuthi ngabe zikhona yini izimpawu zokuqongelela uketshezi emaphashini, okubonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo. Lokhu kuhlola kuphinde kuhlole uhlaka lwe-aorta, okuyisitsha esishiya inhliziyo ithwale igazi liye kuwo wonke umzimba. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngokuma kwesiguli nangamaphaphu agcwele umoya, ukuze isithombe sitholakale kahle.

I-X-ray ibhekwa njengokuhlolwa kokuqala, futhi imvamisa kunconywa udokotela ukuthi enze ezinye izivivinyo zenhliziyo ukuhlola kangcono inhliziyo nencazelo enkulu.

Yenzelwe ini: kukhonjisiwe ukuhlola amacala enhliziyo akhulisiwe noma imithambo yegazi noma ukubheka ukuthi kukhona yini ukubekwa kwe-calcium ku-aorta, okungenzeka ngenxa yobudala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ivumela ukuhlola isimo samaphaphu, ibone ukutholakala koketshezi noketshezi.

Lapho kuyaphikiswa: akufanele yenziwe kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, ikakhulukazi ku-trimester yokuqala ngenxa yemisebe ekhishwe ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Kodwa-ke, uma udokotela ekholelwa ukuthi ukuhlolwa kubalulekile, kunconywa ukuthi owesifazane okhulelwe enze ukuhlolwa esebenzisa isihlangu somthofu esiswini. Qonda ukuthi yiziphi izingozi zama-x-ray ekukhulelweni.

2. I-Electrocardiogram

I-electrocardiogram isivivinyo esihlola isigqi senhliziyo futhi senziwa ngesiguli esilele phansi, sibeka izintambo nokuxhumana okuncane okusansimbi esikhunjeni sesifuba. Ngakho-ke, njenge-X-ray yesifuba, i-electrocardiogram ibhekwa njengenye yezivivinyo zokuqala ezihlola ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo, kufakwa ezivivinyweni ezijwayelekile zokubonisana nodokotela wenhliziyo. Ingasetshenziswa futhi ukuhlola ubukhulu bezinye izimbotshana zenhliziyo, ukukhipha ezinye izinhlobo ze-infarction nokuhlola i-arrhythmia.

I-electrocardiogram iyashesha futhi ayibuhlungu, futhi ivame ukwenziwa ngudokotela wenhliziyo uqobo ehhovisi. Thola ukuthi i-electrocardiogram yenziwa kanjani.

Yenzelwe ini: yenzelwe ukuthola i-arrhythmias noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, ukuhlola izinguquko ezisikisela ukuphahlazeka okusha noma okudala futhi iphakamise izinguquko ze-hydroelectrolytic njengokuncipha noma okwandisiwe kwe-potassium egazini.

Lapho kuyaphikiswa: noma ngubani angahanjiswa ku-electrocardiogram. Kodwa-ke, kungahle kube nokuphazamiseka noma ubunzima ekuyenzeni, kubantu abanesitho esinqunyiwe noma abanezilonda zesikhumba, izinwele ezedlulele esifubeni, abantu abasebenzise okhilimu bokuthambisa emzimbeni ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, noma ezigulini ezingakatholi ikwazi ukuma ngesikhathi sokuqopha i-electrocardiogram.

3. M.A.P.A

Ukuqapha Ukucindezelwa Kwegazi Okuqhutshwa Ambulatory, okwaziwa nge-MAPA, kwenziwa amahora angama-24 ngomshini wokukala umfutho wegazi engalweni kanye nerekhoda encane enamathiselwe okhalweni ekala ngezikhathi ezinqunywe udokotela wenhliziyo, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuhlala esibhedlela .

Yonke imiphumela yengcindezi yegazi erekhodiwe iyahlaziywa ngudokotela, ngakho-ke kuyanconywa ukugcina imisebenzi ejwayelekile yansuku zonke, kanye nokubhala kudayari ukuthi wenzani isikhathi ngasinye lapho kukalwa ingcindezi, njengoba imisebenzi efana nokudla, ukuhamba noma ukukhuphuka izitebhisi kungashintsha ingcindezi. Yazi intengo nokunakekelwa okufanele kuthathwe ekwenzeni i-M.A.P.A.

Yenzelwe ini: ivumela ukuthi iphenye ukuhluka kwengcindezi usuku lonke, lapho kunokungabaza ukuthi isiguli sinomfutho wegazi ophakeme, noma uma kusolwa i-White Coat Syndrome, lapho ingcindezi inyuka khona ngesikhathi sokubonisana nabezempilo, kodwa hhayi kwezinye izimo . Ngaphezu kwalokho, iMAPA ingenziwa ngenhloso yokuqinisekisa ukuthi imishanguzo yokulawula ingcindezi isebenza kahle usuku lonke.

Lapho kuyaphikiswa: akunakwenziwa lapho kungenzeki ukulungisa ikhafula engalweni yesiguli, engenzeka kubantu abancane kakhulu noma abakhuluphele, futhi nasezimeni lapho kungenzeki ukukala ingcindezi ngokuthembekile, okungenzeka kubantu abanokuthuthumela noma i-arrhythmias, isibonelo.

4. UHolter

I-holter isivivinyo sokuhlola isigqi senhliziyo usuku lonke nasebusuku kusetshenziswa irekhoda ephathekayo enama-electrode afanayo ne-electrocardiogram kanye nomrekhoda onamathiselwe emzimbeni, kuqoshwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngakunye kwaleso sikhathi.

Yize isikhathi sokuhlolwa singamahora angama-24, kukhona amacala anzima kakhulu adinga amahora angama-48 noma iviki elilodwa ukuphenya kahle isigqi senhliziyo. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kweholter, kukhonjiswa futhi ukuthi bhala phansi imisebenzi kudayari, njengemizamo emikhulu, nokuba khona kwezimpawu ezinjengokushaya ngamandla noma ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuze kuhlolwe isigqi kulezi zikhathi.

Yenzelwe ini: lolu vivinyo luthola ama-arrhythmias enhliziyo angavela ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene zosuku, aphenye izimpawu zesizungu, ukushaya ngamandla noma ukuquleka okungabangelwa ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, kuphinde kuhlolisise nomphumela wabenza imishanguzo noma amakhambi okwelapha i-arrhythmias.

Lapho kuyaphikiswa: kungenziwa kunoma ngubani, kepha kufanele kugwenywe kubantu abanokucasuka kwesikhumba okuguqula ukulungiswa kwe-electrode. Ingafakwa yinoma yimuphi umuntu oqeqeshiwe, kepha ingahlaziywa ngudokotela wenhliziyo kuphela.

5. Ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi

Ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukuhlolwa kokunyathelisa noma ukuhlolwa kokuvivinya umzimba, kwenziwa ngenhloso yokubuka ushintsho kumfutho wegazi noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokwenza okuthile. Ngaphezu kwe-treadmill, kungenziwa ngebhayisikili lokuzivocavoca.

Ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwengcindezi kulingisa izimo ezidingeka emzimbeni, njengokukhuphuka izitebhisi noma ithambeka, okuyizimo ezingadala ukuphazamiseka noma ukuphefumula kanzima kubantu abasengozini yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo. Thola imininingwane eminingi ngokuhlolwa kwengcindezi.

Yenzelwe ini: ivumela ukuhlola ukusebenza kwenhliziyo ngesikhathi somzamo, ukuthola ubukhona bezinhlungu zesifuba, ukuphefumula okuncane noma i-arrhythmias, engakhombisa ubungozi bokungqubuzana noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo.

Lapho kuyaphikiswa: lokhu kuhlolwa akufanele kwenziwe ngabantu abanokulinganiselwa ngokomzimba, njengokungenzeki kokuhamba noma ukuhamba ngebhayisikili, noma abanesifo esibi, njengokutheleleka noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, njengoba kungaba kubi kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.

6. I-Echocardiogram

I-echocardiogram, ebizwa nangokuthi i-echocardiogram, iwuhlobo lwe-ultrasound yenhliziyo, ethola izithombe ngesikhathi sokwenza kwayo, ihlola ubukhulu bayo, ubukhulu bezindonga zayo, inani legazi elimpontshwayo nokusebenza kwama-valve enhliziyo.

Lesi sivivinyo asibuhlungu futhi asisebenzisi ama-x-ray ukuthola isithombe sakho, ngakho-ke senziwa kakhulu futhi sinikeza imininingwane eminingi ebalulekile ngenhliziyo. Kuvame ukwenziwa ukuphenya abantu abathola ukuphefumula okuncane nokuvuvukala emilenzeni yabo, okungakhombisa ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo. Bona imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokwenza i-echocardiogram.

Yenzelwe ini: kusiza ukuhlola ukusebenza kwenhliziyo, ukuthola ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, ukukhononda kwenhliziyo, izinguquko ekubunjweni kwenhliziyo nemikhumbi, ngaphezu kokukwazi ukubona ubukhona bezimila ngaphakathi kwenhliziyo.

Lapho kuyaphikiswa: akukho okuphikisana nokuhlolwa, kepha ukusebenza kwaso futhi, ngenxa yalokho, umphumela, ungaba nzima kakhulu kubantu abanezitho zokufakelwa zamabele noma ezikhuluphele, nasezigulini lapho kungenakwenzeka khona ukulala ohlangothini, njengabantu abaneziphuka emlenzeni noma abasesimweni esibucayi noma abafakwe intubated, ngokwesibonelo.

7. I-scintigraphy ye-Myocardial

I-Scintigraphy wuhlolo olwenziwa ngokujova umuthi okhethekile emthanjeni, osiza ukuthunjwa kwezithombe kusuka ezindongeni zenhliziyo. Izithombe zithathwa nomuntu ephumule nangemva komzamo, ukuze kube nokuqhathanisa phakathi kwabo. Uma umuntu engakwazi ukwenza umzamo, kufakwa umuthi olingisa, emzimbeni, ukuhamba ngenkani, ngaphandle kokuthi umuntu ashiye indawo.

Yenzelwe ini: hlola ushintsho ekunikezelweni kwegazi ezindongeni zenhliziyo, njengoba kungenzeka nge-angina noma nge-infarction, ngokwesibonelo. Futhi iyakwazi ukubona ukusebenza kokushaya kwenhliziyo esigabeni sayo sokuzikhandla.

Lapho kuyaphikiswa: i-myocardial scintigraphy iyaphikiswa uma kwenzeka kukhona ukungezwani komzimba nesithako esisebenzayo sento esetshenziselwe ukwenza ukuhlolwa, abantu abane-arrhythmias enamandla noma abanezinkinga zezinso, ngoba ukuqedwa kokungafani kwenziwa izinso.

Isazi senhliziyo singaphinde sinqume ukuthi ngabe lolu vivinyo luzokwenziwa noma ngaphandle kokugqugquzelwa kwemithi esheshisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo ukulingisa isimo sengcindezi sesiguli. Bona ukuthi i-scintigraphy ilungiswa kanjani.

Ukuhlolwa kwelabhoratri ukuhlola inhliziyo

Kukhona okunye ukuhlolwa kwegazi okungenziwa ukuhlola inhliziyo, njenge-Troponin, i-CPK noma i-CK-MB, ngokwesibonelo, okuyizimpawu zemisipha ezingasetshenziswa ekuhloleni i-acute myocardial infarction.

Okunye ukuhlolwa, okufana neglucose yegazi, i-cholesterol kanye ne-triglycerides, okucelwe ekuhloleni kwenhliziyo, ngokwesibonelo, yize kungacaciswanga nenhliziyo, kukhombisa ukuthi uma kungekho ukulawula ngomuthi, ukusebenza komzimba kanye nokudla okunomsoco, kukhona ingozi enkulu yokuthola isifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi esikhathini esizayo. Ukuqonda kangcono ukuthi kunini lapho kufanele uhlolwe khona nenhliziyo.