Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi Lokungcola Kwe-Fecal (FOBT)

-Delile

• Kuyini ukuhlolwa kwegazi lokusebenzisa imilingo?
• Kusetshenziselwa ini?
• Kungani ngidinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi lokusebenzisa imilingo?
• Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwegazi lomlingo?
• Ngabe kukhona engizodinga ukukwenza ukulungiselela isivivinyo?
• Ingabe zikhona izingozi esivivinyweni?
• Isho ukuthini imiphumela?
• Ngabe kukhona okunye engidinga ukukwazi mayelana nokuhlolwa kwegazi lokusebenzisa imilingo?
• Izinkomba

Kuyini ukuhlolwa kwegazi lokusebenzisa imilingo?

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi lokungcola (FOBT) kubheka isampula yendle (indle) yakho ukuhlola igazi. Igazi lokusebenzelana nemimoya lisho ukuthi awukwazi ukulibona ngeso lenyama. Igazi esitokisini lisho ukuthi kungenzeka kube nohlobo oluthile lokopha endaweni yokugaya ukudla. Kungabangelwa izimo ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi:

• Ama-polyps
• Ama-hemorrhoids
• I-Diverticulosis
• Izilonda
• Colitis, uhlobo lwesifo samathumbu esivuthayo

Igazi esitokisini nalo lingaba wuphawu lomdlavuza wamacolorectal, uhlobo lomdlavuza oqala kukholoni noma i-rectum. Umdlavuza we-Colorectal uyimbangela yesibili ehamba phambili yokufa okuhlobene nomdlavuza e-United States kanye nomdlavuza wesithathu ovame kakhulu kubantu besilisa nabesifazane. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi lokulingwa okuyi-fecal ukuhlolwa kokuhlola okungasiza ekutholeni umdlavuza onobala kusenesikhathi, lapho ukwelashwa kusebenza kakhulu.

Amanye amagama: FOBT, igazi lezitokisi, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ukuhlolwa kwe-Hemoccult, ukuhlolwa kwe-guaiac smear, gFOBT, i-immunochemical FOBT, iFOBT; FIT

Kusetshenziselwa ini?

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi lokusebenzisa imfihlakalo kusetshenziswa njengokuhlolwa kokuqala komdlavuza onobala. Ingasetshenziswa futhi ukuthola ezinye izimo ezibangela ukopha endaweni yokugaya ukudla.

Kungani ngidinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi lokusebenzisa imilingo?

I-National Cancer Institute incoma ukuthi abantu bathole ukuhlolwa komdlavuza obala ngokobulili njalo kusukela eminyakeni engama-50. Ukuhlolwa kungaba wukuhlolwa kwemilingo noma olunye uhlobo lokuhlolwa kokuhlolwa. Lezi zivivinyo zingafaka:

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-stool DNA. Kulesi sivivinyo, ungasebenzisa ikhithi yokuhlola ekhaya ukuthatha isampula yesitulo sakho usibuyisele kubhu. Kuzohlolwa ushintsho lwegazi nolofuzo okungaba yizimpawu zomdlavuza. Uma ukuhlolwa kutholakele, uzodinga i-colonoscopy.
• A ikholoscopy. Lokhu inqubo encane yokuhlinzwa. Uzoqala unikezwe isidambisi esimnene ukukusiza uphumule. Ngemuva kwalokho umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzosebenzisa ithubhu elincanyana ukubheka ngaphakathi kwekoloni lakho

Kunobuhle nobubi enhlotsheni ngayinye yokuhlolwa. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo mayelana nokuthi yikuphi ukuhlolwa okulungele wena.

Uma umhlinzeki wakho encoma ukuhlolwa kwegazi lokusebenzisa imilingo, udinga ukulithola minyaka yonke. Ukuhlolwa kwe-stool DNA kufanele kuthathwe njalo eminyakeni emithathu, bese kwenziwa i-colonoscopy njalo eminyakeni eyishumi.

Ungadinga ukuhlolwa kaningi uma unezici ezithile zobungozi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Umlando womndeni womdlavuza obomvu
• Ukubhema ugwayi
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• Ukuphuza ngokweqile

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwegazi lomlingo?

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi lokusebenzisa imilingo kungukuhlolwa okungavumelekile ongakwenza ekhaya ngesikhathi sakho. Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzokunikeza ikhithi efaka imiyalo yokuthi ungaluhlola kanjani. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlolwa kwegazi lokusebenzisa ubufebe: i-guaiac smear method (gFOBT) kanye nendlela ye-immunochemical (iFOBT noma i-FIT). Ngezansi kukhona imiyalo ejwayelekile yokuhlolwa ngakunye. Imiyalo yakho ingahluka kancane ngokuya ngomkhiqizi wekithi yokuhlola.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-guaiac smear (gFOBT), kuzodingeka ukuthi:

• Qoqa amasampula kusuka kumathumbu amathathu ahlukene.
• Ngesampula ngalinye, qoqa indle bese uyibeka esitsheni esihlanzekile. Qiniseka ukuthi isampuli ayihlangani nomchamo noma amanzi asendlini yangasese.
• Sebenzisa umfakisicelo kusuka kukhithi yakho yokuhlola ukuze uthinte enye indle ekhadini lokuhlola noma kwisilayidi, nayo efakiwe kukhithi yakho.
• Faka ilebula bese uqinisa wonke amasampula akho njengoba kuqondisiwe.
• Thumela amasampuli kumhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo noma ilebhu.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-fecal immunochemical (FIT), kuzodingeka ukuthi:

• Qoqa amasampula kusuka kokuhamba kwamathumbu amabili noma amathathu.
• Qoqa isampula ethoyilethi usebenzisa ibhulashi elikhethekile noma enye idivayisi efakiwe kukhithi yakho.
• Ngesampula ngalinye, sebenzisa ibhulashi noma ithuluzi ukuthatha isampula ebusweni besitulo.
• Shayela isampula ekhadini lokuhlola.
• Faka ilebula bese uqinisa wonke amasampula akho njengoba kuqondisiwe.
• Thumela amasampuli kumhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo noma ilebhu.

Qiniseka ukuthi ulandela yonke imiyalo enikezwe kukhithi yakho, bese ukhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma unemibuzo.

Ngabe kukhona engizodinga ukukwenza ukulungiselela isivivinyo?

Ukudla okuthile nezidakamizwa kungathinta imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-guaiac smear method (gFOBT). Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angakucela gwema okulandelayo:

• Izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) njenge-ibuprofen, naproxen, noma i-aspirin izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwakho. Uma uthatha i-aspirin yezinkinga zenhliziyo, khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ngaphambi kokumisa umuthi wakho. I-Acetaminophen ingaphepha ukuyisebenzisa ngalesi sikhathi, kodwa hlola umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokuyithatha.
• Ngaphezulu kwama-250 mg wevithamini C nsuku zonke kusuka kwizithasiselo, amajusi wezithelo, noma izithelo izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwakho. UVitamin C angawathinta amakhemikhali esivivinyweni futhi kudale imiphumela emibi ngisho noma kukhona igazi.
• Inyama ebomvu, njengenkomo, iwundlu, nengulube, izinsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Imikhondo yegazi kulezi zinyama ingadala umphumela ongemuhle.

Awekho amalungiselelo akhethekile noma imikhawulo yokudla yokuhlolwa kwe-fecal immunochemical (FIT).

Ingabe zikhona izingozi esivivinyweni?

Ayikho ingozi eyaziwayo yokuhlolwa kwegazi ngokulumba.

Isho ukuthini imiphumela?

Uma imiphumela yakho ilungile kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuhlolwa kwegazi lokungcola, kusho ukuthi kungenzeka wopha kwenye indawo endaweni yakho yokugaya ukudla. Kepha akusho ukuthi unomdlavuza. Ezinye izimo ezingakhipha umphumela omuhle ekuhlolweni kwegazi lokungcola komzimba zifaka izilonda, ama-hemorrhoids, ama-polyps kanye nezicubu ezinobungozi. Uma imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa ilungile egazini, umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo cishe uzoncoma ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe, okufana ne-colonoscopy, ukuthola indawo ngqo nembangela yokopha kwakho. Uma unemibuzo ngemiphumela yakho, khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri, ububanzi bezinkomba, nemiphumela yokuqonda.

Ngabe kukhona okunye engidinga ukukwazi mayelana nokuhlolwa kwegazi lokusebenzisa imilingo?

Ukuhlolisiswa komdlavuza njalo ngamalahle, njengokuhlolwa kwegazi lokungcola, kuyithuluzi elibalulekile ekulweni nomdlavuza. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kungasiza ekutholeni umdlavuza kusenesikhathi, futhi kunganciphisa ukubulawa yisifo.

Izinkomba

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Imininingwane ekulesi siza akufanele isetshenziswe esikhundleni sezokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha noma iseluleko. Xhumana nomhlinzeki wezempilo uma unemibuzo ngempilo yakho.