Ukulungiselela Ukuqokwa Kwakho Kwe-Cardiologist Wakho Wokuqala: Okufanele Ukubuze

-Delile

• 1. Kungani ngahlaselwa isifo senhliziyo?
• 2. Iyini ingozi yami yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo?
• 3. Yimiphi imithi engidinga ukuyiphuza, futhi isikhathi eside kangakanani?
• 4. Ngingakwazi ukuqhubeka nemisebenzi yami ejwayelekile?
• 5. Hlobo luni lokudla okufanele ngilulandele?
• 6. Ngabe kuzodingeka ngihlinzwe?
• 7. Ngabe kumele ngiyeke umsebenzi wami?
• 8. Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngicabanga ukuthi ngiphinde ngahlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo?
• 9. Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona?
• 10. Yiziphi izinyathelo engingazithatha ukuthuthukisa impilo yami?
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

Uma usanda kuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, mhlawumbe unemibuzo eminingi kudokotela wenhliziyo yakho. Okokuqala, ungazibuza ukuthi yini ngempela ebangele lokhu kuhlasela. Futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngezinketho zakho zokwelashwa ukuze ugcine inhliziyo yakho iphilile futhi uvikele ingozi yakho yesifo senhliziyo noma enye inkinga.

Ukubona udokotela wenhliziyo okokuqala ukukhuluma ngalezi zinto kungaba yinto ekhathazayo, kepha kubalulekile ukuthi ufunde kabanzi ngesimo sakho bese uthola ukwelashwa okulungile. Thatha ikhophi yalo mhlahlandlela ukuze uqale ingxoxo nodokotela wenhliziyo yakho lapho uqokwa okokuqala.

1. Kungani ngahlaselwa isifo senhliziyo?

Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwenzeka lapho igazi elinikeza umoya-mpilo nezakhi zomzimba ezicutshini zenhliziyo yakho livinjelwe. Kunezizathu ezahlukahlukene zokuthi kungani ukuvinjelwa kwenzeka. Imbangela ejwayelekile ukwakheka kwe-cholesterol nezinto ezinamafutha, ezaziwa ngokuthi i-plaque. Njengoba uqweqwe lukhula, ekugcineni lungagqabhuka luze lungene egazini lakho. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, igazi alisakwazi ukugeleza ngokukhululeka ngemithambo ehambisa imisipha yenhliziyo, bese izingxenye zomsipha wenhliziyo zilimala, zidale isifo senhliziyo.

Kodwa icala lawo wonke umuntu lihlukile. Kuzofanele uqinisekise nodokotela wakho imbangela yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo ukuze ukwazi ukuqala ohlelweni lokwelashwa olufanele.

2. Iyini ingozi yami yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo?

Uma uke wahlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, usengozini enkulu yokuba nakho esikhathini esizayo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma ungenzi izinguquko ezidingekayo zokuphila bese uqala uhlelo lokwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu. Imithi, kuhlangene nendlela yokuphila enempilo yenhliziyo, kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuba nesifo senhliziyo.

Isazi sakho senhliziyo sizobheka izinto ezifana nomsebenzi wegazi lakho, imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-imaging, nemikhuba yokuphila ukuze unqume ubungozi bakho futhi uthole ukuthi imuphi umuthi ozokusebenzela kangcono. Bazobuye babhekane nokuthi isifo sokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kubangelwe ukuvinjelwa okuphelele noma okuyingxenye.

3. Yimiphi imithi engidinga ukuyiphuza, futhi isikhathi eside kangakanani?

Uma usuqale imishanguzo ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, usekwelashweni impilo yonke. Noma kunjalo isilinganiso sakho noma uhlobo lomuthi lungalungiswa njengoba isimo sakho sithuthuka. Lokhu kuvamise ukwenzeka nge-cholesterol ephezulu nomfutho wegazi ophakeme.

Izinketho zokwelashwa zifaka:

• beta-blocker
• ama-thinner egazi (ama-anticoagulants)
• abavimba isiteshi se-calcium
• izidakamizwa ezehlisa i-cholesterol
• ama-vasodilators

Buza udokotela wakho wenhliziyo ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe. Amathuba ukuthi, ungadinga ukuthatha inhlanganisela yezidakamizwa.

4. Ngingakwazi ukuqhubeka nemisebenzi yami ejwayelekile?

Udinga ukuphumula okuningi kulandela ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, kepha ungahle ube nelukuluku lokwazi ukuthi ungabuyela nini empilweni yakho ejwayelekile. Ekuqokweni kwakho, cela udokotela wenhliziyo yakho umugqa wesikhathi wokuthi kuphephe nini ukubuyela emisebenzini yakho ejwayelekile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi umsebenzi, imisebenzi yansuku zonke, nemisebenzi yokuzilibazisa.

Udokotela wenhliziyo yakho mhlawumbe uzoncoma ukuthi uqale ukuhamba ngaphezulu usuku lonke, nezikhathi ezinde zokuphumula phakathi. Futhi bazokweluleka ukuthi uyeke umsebenzi ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nemizwa yokukhathala noma yokuba buthakathaka.

5. Hlobo luni lokudla okufanele ngilulandele?

Uma kukhulunywa ngempilo yenhliziyo yakho, ukudla ukudla okunomsoco kubaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lwakho lokwelashwa njengomuthi. Udokotela wenhliziyo yakho uzokuncoma ukuthi ulandele ukudla okunempilo okubandakanya imifino, inyama engenamafutha, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, namafutha anempilo.

Lokhu kuzosiza ekunciphiseni amathuba akho okuhlaselwa esinye isifo senhliziyo ngokunciphisa noma ukuvimbela ukwakheka kocwecwe emithanjeni yakho. Uma ufuna uhlelo lokudla okufanele ululandele, cabanga ngokudla kwaseMedithera.

Uma unemikhawulo ekhethekile yokudla, udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi wakhe uhlelo lokudla olunempilo olusebenzela wena.

6. Ngabe kuzodingeka ngihlinzwe?

Ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa noma cha kuya ngohlobo oluthile lokuvinjelwa. Ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, udokotela wakho angajova into yokuqothula amahlwili. Le nqubo, ebizwa ngokuthi i-thrombolysis, yenziwa esibhedlela. Lapho isimo sakho sesizinzile, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzokhuluma nawe ngezixazululo zesikhathi eside zokugcina imithambo yakho ivulekile.

I-angioplasty coronary ingenziwa ukusiza ukuvula umthambo ovinjiwe otholwe ekuhlolweni kwe-imaging. Phakathi nale nqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo ufaka ipayipi lomthambo emthanjeni oxhuma emthanjeni ovinjiwe enhliziyweni yakho.Lokhu kuvame ukutholakala esihlakaleni sakho noma endaweni yokububula. I-catheter inedivayisi efana nebhaluni enamathiselwe kushubhu yayo, esiza ukuvula umthambo lapho igcwele umoya.

Uma lokhu sekwenziwe, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo angabe esefaka insimbi enezinsimbi ebizwa ngokuthi i-stent. Lokhu kusiza ukugcina umthambo uvulekile esikhathini eside ukuze igazi lakho ligeleze ngokukhululeka kuyo yonke inhliziyo, ngaleyo ndlela livimbele ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo okuzayo. I-angioplasty nayo ingenziwa nge-lasers, kusetshenziswa imisebe ephezulu yokukhanya ukunqamula ukuvimba emithanjeni yegazi.

Okunye ukuhlinzwa okungenzeka kubizwa ngokuthi yi-coronary artery bypass. Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okwedlula, udokotela wakho ushintsha ukubekwa kwemithambo ehlukene nemithambo enhliziyweni ukuze igazi likwazi ukugelezela kulezi futhi lidlule imithambo evinjiwe. Kwesinye isikhathi kudlula ngendlela ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Kodwa uma usuvele uhlaselwe yisifo senhliziyo, udokotela wakho angancoma inqubo yokudlula ngokuphuthumayo ezinsukwini ezintathu kuya kweziyisikhombisa, ngokusho kweMayo Clinic.

Noma ngabe udokotela wakho ancoma ukuhlinzwa, kusazodingeka ukuthi ulandele ezinye izinyathelo ezinempilo yenhliziyo, njengokuthatha imithi yakho nokudla ukudla okunempilo. Ukufakelwa kwenhliziyo noma ukushintshwa kwe-valve kusetshenziswa njengecebo lokugcina uma inhliziyo yakho itholakala ukuthi igule kakhulu noma ilimele.

7. Ngabe kumele ngiyeke umsebenzi wami?

Ngokuphatha izindleko zokunakekelwa ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, ungazibuza ukuthi ungabuyela nini emsebenzini wakho. Ngokusho kwe-American Heart Association, udokotela wenhliziyo yakho angancoma ukuthi uthathe noma yikuphi ukusuka emavikini amabili kuya ezinyangeni ezintathu emsebenzini. Kuzoxhomeka ebucayi bokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo nokuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa yini.

Isazi sakho senhliziyo kungenzeka sisebenze nawe ukuhlola ukuthi umsebenzi wakho wamanje uwathinta kanjani amazinga akho okucindezeleka nokuthi ngabe kunomthelela yini ezinkingeni zenhliziyo yakho. Ungadinga ukuthola izindlela zokwehlisa umthwalo wakho wokusebenza, njengokwabela abanye imisebenzi noma ukwehla esikhundleni sakho. Ungazibophezela nasekuzijwayezeni ukuzinakekela okwengeziwe phakathi nesonto lomsebenzi ukunciphisa amazinga akho okucindezeleka.

8. Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngicabanga ukuthi ngiphinde ngahlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo?

Njenganoma isiphi esinye isimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha, ngokushesha lapho ukwazi ukufika esikhungweni sokunakekelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo futhi uthole usizo, ngcono amathuba akho okuthi abe nokululama okusheshayo. Yingakho kubalulekile ukwazi zonke izimpawu nezimpawu zesifo senhliziyo. Izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo zingahluka. Futhi okunye ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo akuvezi zimpawu ezibalulekile nhlobo.

Izimpawu zesifo senhliziyo zifaka:

• ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuqina, noma ukuzwa okucindezelayo
• ingcindezi yengalo noma ubuhlungu (ikakhulukazi ohlangothini lwesobunxele, lapho inhliziyo yakho ikhona)
• ubuhlungu obusakazeka busuka esifubeni buye entanyeni yakho noma emhlathini, noma buye phansi esiswini sakho
• isiyezi esingazelelwe
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• aqhume umjuluko obandayo
• isicanucanu
• ukukhathala okungazelelwe

9. Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona?

Izinkinga zingenzeka uma isimo sishiywa singalashwa noma singelashwa kahle. Ezinye izinto zingadala izinkinga futhi.

Ukuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo akugcini ngokukubeka engcupheni yeziqephu zesikhathi esizayo futhi kwandisa ingozi yokuhluleka kwenhliziyo. Ezinye izinkinga ezingaba khona zibandakanya i-arrhythmia nokuboshwa kwenhliziyo, okubili okungabulala.

Buza udokotela wenhliziyo yakho nganoma yiziphi izinkinga okudingeka uzibuke ngokuya ngesimo sakho. Noma yiluphi ushintsho ekushayeni kwenhliziyo yakho kufanele lubhekiswe ngokushesha ngokungahambi kahle kwesigqi senhliziyo.

10. Yiziphi izinyathelo engingazithatha ukuthuthukisa impilo yami?

Ngemuva kokuhlangabezana nesigameko esibuhlungu njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, kuyaqondakala ukufuna ukusinda ngokushesha okukhulu ukuze uqhubeke nokwenza izinto othanda ukuzenza.

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokwenza ngcono ikhwalithi yempilo yakho ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ukulandela uhlelo lokwelashwa kwe-cardiologist yakho. Yize kungathatha amasonto ambalwa noma ngaphezulu ukululama ngokuphelele, ungaqala ukuzizwa ungcono ngemithi nokulungiswa kwendlela yokuphila.

Ukuhola indlela yokuphila enempilo jikelele nokunciphisa amazinga akho okuxineka kungenza izimangaliso zenhliziyo yakho nenhlalakahle yengqondo. Ukuvuselelwa kwenhliziyo, uhlobo lokwelulekwa kanye nethuluzi lokufundisa, nakho kungasiza.

Ukudla okudlela endlini

Uma muva nje uke wahlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, qiniseka ukubhekana nalezi zihloko nokunye okukukhathazayo nodokotela wenhliziyo yakho. Bazosebenzisana nawe ukuthola ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo lokwelashwa olusebenza kangcono ngokuhlukahluka okuthile kwesimo sakho, futhi bangakwazisa kabanzi ngobungozi bakho besiqephu esizayo. Ngenkathi isifo senhliziyo kungaba umcimbi ongazelelwe, ukululama kokukodwa kuzothatha isikhathi.