I-Focal Dystonia

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu zedystonia egxile?
• Yini ebangela i-focal dystonia?
• Udokotela uyithola kanjani i-dystonia egxile?
• Ingaphathwa kanjani i-dystonia egxile ekhaya
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelashwa ze-focal dystonia?
• Ukugqugquzela ubuchopho obujulile
• Ukuhlinzwa kokukhetha okukhethiwe
• Uyini umbono we-focal dystonia?
• Ngabe i-dystonia egxile kungavinjelwa?

Yini i-focal dystonia?

IDystonia yisimo esidala ukunyakaza okungazibandakanyi noma okungajwayelekile.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-dystonia. I-dystonia egxile kokuthinta isitho somzimba esisodwa, imvamisa iminwe noma izandla. Amagama angeziwe odokotela angabiza i-focal dystonia afaka:

• isandla sokugxila dystonia
• i-dystonia eqondene nomsebenzi othile
• i-cramp / dystonia yomsebenzi
• i-dystonia eqondene nomsebenzi

IDystonia eyenzeka kubasubathi yaziwa njenge- “yips.”

Abaculi bathola izehlakalo ezinkulu kakhulu ze-dystonia egxile. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi iphesenti eli-1 kuya kwele-2 labo bonke abaculi abangochwepheshe abahlangabezana ne-dystonia ebalulekile. Abesilisa nabo banamathuba amaningi kunabesifazane ukuzwa i-dystonia egxile.

IDystonia nayo ivamile ku:

• abathungi
• abalobi bezinwele
• abantu abathayipha kukhompyutha iningi losuku lwabo

Ziyini izimpawu zedystonia egxile?

I-dystonia ejwayelekile ingavela ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zomzimba. Izibonelo zezinhlobo nezimpawu ze-dystonia ezigxile zifaka:

• i-blepharospasm: ukudikiza iso
• i-dystonia yomlomo wesibeletho: lapho imisipha yentamo iqhuma noma ibangela ukuthi intamo itsheke ngendlela engajwayelekile, kungenjalo ibizwa nge-torticollis
• i-dyomonia ye-oromandibular: ukuhlangana noma ukukhiya imisipha yomhlathi
• i-spasmodic dysphonia: lapho izintambo zamagama zingasebenzi kahle futhi umuntu angaba nobunzima ekwenzeni imisindo ethile

Uma umculi ene-focal dystonia, angathola ukuthi izandla zakhe aziphenduli njengokuhlosiwe lapho bezama ukudlala insimbi yomculo.

Izibonelo zezimpawu zifaka:

• iminwe esonga noma egoqayo
• izandla "eziqandayo" noma ziyeke ukuhamba ngokuphelele
• iminwe enyakazayo

Imvamisa iminwe ethinteke kakhulu iminwe yesine neyesihlanu.

Yini ebangela i-focal dystonia?

I-dystonia egxilile ingumphumela wezinguquko endleleni izinzwa zezitho zomzimba ezixhumana ngayo nobuchopho. Ngenxa yalokho, imiyalo evela ebuchosheni ayihambelani nokunyakaza okufunayo. IDystonia Medical Research Foundation ifanisa ukudluliswa kwezinzwa okuthintekile "negciwane lekhompyutha" noma "ukushayeka kwehard drive" yohlelo lwangaphakathi lomuntu nokunyakaza kwakhe.

Izimbangela eziningi ze-focal dystonia ziyisisekelo, okusho ukuthi udokotela akakwazi ukukhomba isimo sezempilo esingaphansi esidala i-dystonia egxile. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlobo ze-dystonia egxile kwesekondari. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu angaxhumanisa i-dystonia yakhe egxile esimweni sezokwelapha noma imbangela. Izibonelo zingafaka:

• ukuhlukumezeka engxenyeni yomzimba ethintekile
• ukutheleleka
• ukusabela ezingezinhle imithi
• ubuthi be-carbon monoxide
• Isifo sikaParkinson
• unhlangothi

Abaculi abathola i-dystonia egxilile bangakwazi ukuxhumanisa imbangela nokushintsha kwemikhuba yabo, efana nale:

• inani elikhulile lokuzijwayeza noma isikhathi sokusebenza
• shintsha inqubo
• izinguquko ezenziwe ngenxa yokulimala kwemizwa
• ukudlala uhlobo olusha lwensimbi

Izici zemvelo kanye nemvelaphi yofuzo kungabamba iqhaza ku-dystonia egxile kumuntu. Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi abakhombanga uhlobo oluthile lofuzo noma izakhi zofuzo ezibangela i-focal dystonia. Abantu abalinganiselwa ku-10% abane-focal dystonia banomlando womndeni waleso simo.

Udokotela uyithola kanjani i-dystonia egxile?

Ekuqokweni kwakho, udokotela wakho uzokubuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha, imisebenzi, nemithi oyiphuzayo. Bazophinda futhi bahlole nengxenye yomzimba ethintekile.

Izimpawu ze-dystonia egxile kakhulu zingalingisa lezo zokulimala ngokweqile, njengomhubhe we-carpal. Kodwa-ke, i-dystonia yokugxila ivela njengomphumela wezinguquko ebuchosheni, hhayi ukulimala kwezinzwa noma ezandleni. Kwesinye isikhathi i-dystonia egxile kungabonwa kabi njengokulimala ngokweqile.

Udokotela wakho uzozama ukukhipha ukuvaleka kwemizwa nokulimala ngokweqile njengezimbangela zezimpawu zakho.

Banga-oda izivivinyo eziningana kufaka phakathi:

• ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukubheka izimpawu zokutheleleka
• i-electromyography ukuqapha umsebenzi kagesi emisipheni yakho
• i-MRI noma i-CT scan ukubheka izicubu noma izilonda ebuchosheni bakho

Ingaphathwa kanjani i-dystonia egxile ekhaya

I-dystonia yefocal ithinta ulwazi lokucubungula izinzwa olusetshenziswa ukwenza ukunyakaza. Izinguquko ezincane endleleni umuntu aphatha ngayo ithuluzi noma ushintsho ekubunjweni ngaphansi kwezandla zomunwe zinganciphisa izehlakalo ze-focal dystonia.

Isibonelo, umshayi wesigingci one-focal dystonia angathola ukukhululeka ezimpawu zabo ngokugqoka igilavu ​​elincanyana ngenkathi edlala.

Enye indlela kungaba ukuguqula i-engeli yekhibhodi yekhompyutha. Abanye abashaya ipiyano bangathola ukuthi bangadlala kukhibhodi kagesi esikhundleni sepiyano lendabuko ngoba okhiye banokuthungwa okuhluke kancane.

Ukwelula izindawo ezithintekile kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukungakhululeki okuhambisana ne-focal dystonia. Thintana nodokotela womzimba ukuze unqume izivivinyo ezihamba phambili neziphephe kakhulu zohlobo lwakho lwe-dystonia egxile kuyo.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelashwa ze-focal dystonia?

Alikho ikhambi lamanje lama-dystonias agxile, kungaba ngezokwelapha noma ekhaya. Kodwa-ke, kunezindlela ezithile zokwelashwa ezihlangatshezwe ngempumelelo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuthatha imithi eyaziwa ngokuthi i-anticholinergics. Odokotela bangahle banikeze umuthi obizwa nge-Artane (trihexyphenidyl), i-anticholinergic. Lo muthi usiza ukuvimba ukuhanjiswa kwezinzwa emisipheni ethintekile. Kodwa-ke, zingadala imiphumela emibi efaka umlomo owomile nobunzima bokuchama. Eminye imishanguzo, efana ne-tetrabenazine, nayo ingasetshenziswa, kepha imiphumela emibi ifaka ukozela, ukukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka.

Ukujova nge-botulinum toxin (BOTOX) kungasiza ekwenzeni buthakathaka imisipha ethintekile yesandla. Lokhu kungasiza ekunciphiseni izehlakalo zemihelo ehlobene ne-dystonia.

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, udokotela wakho angancoma izinqubo zokuhlinzwa. Izinqubo zokuhlinzwa ze-dystonia egxile zifaka:

Ukugqugquzela ubuchopho obujulile

Ama-electrode afakwa engxenyeni yobuchopho elawula imisipha ethintekile. La ma-electrode axhunywe ku-generator ofakwa esifubeni sakho. I-generator ikhipha amasiginali kagesi ukusiza ukulawula ukusikwa kwemisipha.

Ukuhlinzwa kokukhetha okukhethiwe

Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuzobekelwa abantu abangakwazanga ukuphatha izimpawu zabo nganoma yiluphi olunye ukwelashwa. Kule nqubo, izinzwa ezilawula ukuqhuma kwemisipha zazizonqunywa.

Uyini umbono we-focal dystonia?

I-dystonia egxile kumuntu ingasakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. I-dystonia ehlukanisiwe ithinta izingxenye ezimbili zomzimba ezihlanganayo. I-multifocal dystonia ithinta izingxenye eziningi zomzimba. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ama-dystonias agxile kwenye indawo asakazeka kwenye indawo yomzimba. Ukusebenza nodokotela wakho kungasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu ezihambisana ne-focal dystonia.

Ngabe i-dystonia egxile kungavinjelwa?

Odokotela bayazi ukuthi i-focal dystonia ivame ukuthinta abantu abathile, njengabaculi. Kodwa-ke, banobunzima bokuqagela kahle ukuthi ngubani ongathinteka ngoba abaqondi ukuthi kubangelwa yini. Kepha bayazi ukuthi izici ezithile zingenza i-dystonia ibe yimbi kakhulu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• ukucindezeleka ngokweqile
• ukukhathala
• ukukhuluma ngokweqile
• ukudinwa ngokweqile

Ukugwema lokhu kweqisa kungasiza ukuphatha isimo futhi kuvimbele i-dystonia ekubeni yimbi kakhulu.