Ungawubona Kanjani Umehluko Phakathi Kobuthi Bokudla vs. Umkhuhlane Wesisu

-Delile

• Ukudla Ubuthi vs. Umkhuhlane Wesisu
• Uhlala isikhathi esingakanani ushevu wokudla uma kuqhathaniswa nomkhuhlane wesisu, futhi welashwa kanjani?
• Ubani osengcupheni enkulu yokungenwa ushevu wokudla ngokumelene nomkhuhlane wesisu?
• Ungakuvikela kanjani ukudla okunobuthi uma kuqhathaniswa nomkhuhlane wesisu?
• Buyekeza kwe-

Lapho uhlushwa yisisu esingalindelekile — futhi silandelwa ngokushesha isicanucanu, umkhuhlane nezinye izimpawu zokugaya ezingemnandi neze — ungahle ungaqiniseki ngembangela yangempela ekuqaleni. Ingabe into oyidlile, noma icala elibi lomkhuhlane wesisu okwenze uphelelwe amandla ngokuphelele?

Izinkinga zesisu zingaba nzima ukuzibeka phansi, njengoba zingase zibe umphumela wezici eziningana (kanye nezidlulelana). Kepha kunokwehluka okumbalwa okucashile phakathi kokudla ushevu kokudla kuqhathaniswa nomkhuhlane wesisu. Lapha, ochwepheshe badiliza konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nalezi zifo ezimbili.

Ukudla Ubuthi vs. Umkhuhlane Wesisu

Iqiniso ukuthi, kungaba nzima kakhulu ukubona phakathi kokudla okunobuthi uma kuqhathaniswa nomkhuhlane wesisu, kuchaza uCarolyn Newberry, MD, udokotela wamathumbu eNewYork-Presbyterian naseWeill Cornell Medicine. Kokubili umkhuhlane wesisu (owaziwa ngokweqile ngokuthi i-gastroenteritis) kanye nobuthi bokudla yizimo ezibonakala ngokuvuvukala emgudwini wokugaya ukudla okungaholela ebuhlungwini besisu, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, nohudo, kusho udokotela wezifo zesisu oqinisekiswe yibhodi uSamantha Nazareth, MD

Ngakho-ke, umehluko omkhulu phakathi kokudla ubuthi ngokuqhathaniswa nomkhuhlane wesisu wehlela kulokho okubangela ukuvuvukala.

Uyini umkhuhlane wesisu? Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umkhuhlane wesisu uvame ukubangelwa yigciwane noma ibhaktheriya, kusho uDkt. Nazareth. Amagciwane omkhuhlane wesisu avame kakhulu yi-norovirus (leyo ovame ukuzwa ngayo ezindizeni nasemikhunjini yemikhumbi, engasakazeka ngokudla namanzi angcolilenoma ngokuxhumana nomuntu onegciwane noma indawo), i-rotavirus (evame ukutholakala ezinganeni ezisencane kakhulu, njengoba igciwane livinjelwa kakhulu ngomuthi wokugomela i-rotavirus, onikezwa cishe izinyanga ezi-2-6), kanye ne-adenovirus (ukutheleleka ngegciwane okungajwayelekile kuholela ezimpawu ezijwayelekile zomkhuhlane wesisu kanye nezifo zokuphefumula njenge-bronchitis, inyumoniya, nomphimbo obuhlungu).

"Amagciwane ajwayele ukuzikhawulela, okusho ukuthi umuntu angalwa nawo ngesikhathi uma amasosha omzimba ephilile futhi engathikamezeki (ngezinye izifo noma ngemithi)," kusho uDkt Nazareth phambilini. (Okuhlobene: Ingabe Kufanele Ngikhathazeke Nge-Adenovirus?)

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane azikwazi ukuziphelela. Ngenkathi kungekho mehluko phakathi kwezimpawu zomkhuhlane wesisu ezibangelwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane uma kuqhathaniswa namagciwane, lesi sakamuva "kufanele siphenywe kubantu abangabi ngcono emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa," kusho uDkt. Newberry ngaphambili. Udokotela wakho cishe uzokunikeza ama-antibiotics ukuze welaphe ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya, kanti ukutheleleka ngegciwane kungaxazulula ngokwalo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kanye nokuphumula okuningi noketshezi.

Pho, ubuthi bokudla buhluke kanjani kumkhuhlane wesisu? Futhi, laba bobabili bangafana kakhulu, futhi kwesinye isikhathi akunakwenzeka ukutshela umehluko phakathi kwabo, cindezela bobabili ochwepheshe.

Kuyini ukudla okunoshevu? Sesikushilo lokho, ubuthi bokudla yisifo se-gastrointestinal, lapho iningi (kodwa hhayi wonke) amacala, avela ngemva kokudla noma ukuphuza ukudla noma amanzi angcolile, okuphambene nokuvele ubekwe endaweni ethelelekile, endaweni, noma kumuntu, kucacisa uDkt. “[Ukudla noma amanzi] kungangcoliswa amagciwane, igciwane, amagciwane, noma amakhemikhali,” eqhubeka. "Njengomkhuhlane wesisu, abantu baphathwa isifo sohudo, isicanucanu, ubuhlungu besisu, nokuhlanza. Kuya ngembangela, izimpawu zingaba zimbi kakhulu, kuhlanganise nesifo sohudo esinegazi kanye nomkhuhlane ophezulu." I-FYI, noma kunjalo: Ubuthi bokudla can kwesinye isikhathi utheleleke ngokudluliswa komoya (okusho wenakungenzeka thola ukugula ngemva kokuchayeka endaweni ethelelekile, endaweni, noma kumuntu—okuningi kulokho kokumbalwa).

Enye indlela engase ihlukanise phakathi kwalezi zimo ezimbili ukunaka isikhathi sokudla ukudla okunobuthi nezimpawu zomkhuhlane wesisu, kuchaza uDkt. Izimpawu zobuthi bokudla zivame ukuvela kungakapheli amahora ambalwa udle noma uphuza ukudla noma amanzi angcolile, kanti izimpawu zomkhuhlane wesisu kungenzeka zingakuthinti kuze kube usuku noma ezimbili ngemuva kokuvezwa yigciwane noma amabhaktheriya. Kodwa-ke, futhi akuvamile ukuthi izimpawu zomkhuhlane wesisu zibonakale emahoreni ambalwa wokuchayeka endaweni enegciwane, ukudla, noma umuntu, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukubona phakathi kokudla okunobuthi nokuqhathaniswa nomkhuhlane wesisu, kuchaza uDkt. Newberry. (Okuhlobene: Izigaba ezi-4 Zobuthi Bokudla, Ngokuka-Amy Schumer)

Uhlala isikhathi esingakanani ushevu wokudla uma kuqhathaniswa nomkhuhlane wesisu, futhi welashwa kanjani?

Zombili lezi zingcweti zithi izimpawu zomkhuhlane wesisu kanye nezimpawu ezinobuthi bokudla zizodlula zodwa zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa (ikakhulukazi, ngesonto), yize kukhona okuhlukile. Ngokwesibonelo, uma ubona (kunoma yikuphi ukugula) ukuthi unendle egcwele igazi noma ukuhlanza, imfiva ephezulu (ngaphezu kuka-100.4 degrees Fahrenheit), ubuhlungu obudlulele, noma ukubona lufifi, uDkt. Nazareth usikisela ukubonana nodokotela ASAP.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi uqaphele amazinga akho we-hydration lapho ubhekene nomkhuhlane wesisu noma ukudla okunobuthi, kunezela uDkt. Nazareth. Qaphela izimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni ezinefulegi elibomvu njengesiyezi, ukuntula ukuchama, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo (amabhithi angaphezu kuka-100 ngomzuzu), noma ukungakwazi okuvamile, isikhathi eside ukugcina uketshezi luphansi. Lezi zimpawu zingasho ukuthi udinga ukuya ku-ER ukuthola uketshezi olufakwa emthanjeni (IV), uyachaza. (ICYDK, ukushayela okungenamanzi kuyingozi njengokushayela udakiwe.)

Bese kuba nodaba lwezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, ezingadala noma umkhuhlane wesisu noma ubuthi bokudla. Ngakho-ke, ngokufanayo nomkhuhlane wesisu, ukudla ushevu ngezinye izikhathi kudinga ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic, kuphawula uDkt. Nazareth. "Izimo eziningi zokudla okunoshevu ziyaqhubeka, [kodwa] kwesinye isikhathi isibulala-magciwane siyadingeka uma izinsolo zokutheleleka ngamagciwane ziphezulu noma izimpawu zizimbi," echaza. "Udokotela angakwazi ukukuxilonga ngokusekelwe ezimpawini kanye nesampula ye-poop, noma kungase ku-odwe ukuhlolwa kwegazi," eqhubeka.

Uma sicabanga ukuthi ukutheleleka ngebhaktheriya akumele kube necala, ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kobuthi bokudla noma umkhuhlane wesisu kuhilela ukuphumula, kanye "noketshezi, uketshezi, noketshezi oluningi," ikakhulukazi lezo ezisiza ukugcwalisa ama-electrolyte ukuze kugcinwe amanzi, njenge-Gatorade noma i-Pedialyte, kusho uDkt Nazareth. “Labo asebevele banamasosha omzimba athintekile (okusho ukuthi labo abadla imishanguzo yokucindezela amasosha omzimba kwezinye izimo) kudingeka babonane nodokotela ngoba bangase bagule kakhulu,” kuphawula yena.

Uma futhi uqala nini ukuba nesifiso sokudla kulandela umkhuhlane wesisu noma ukudla okunoshevu, uDkt. Nazareth uphakamisa ukuthi unamathele ekudleni okungamabhodlela okufana nelayisi, isinkwa, ama-crackers, nobhanana, ngakho-ke awenzi ukuba umgudu wakho wokugaya ube mkhulu. "Gwema i-caffeine, ubisi, amafutha, ukudla okubabayo, notshwala," uyaxwayisa kuze kube yilapho usuzizwa ungcono kakhulu.

"Ujinja uyikhambi lemvelo lesicanucanu," kunezela uDkt. Newberry. "I-Imodium ingasetshenziswa futhi ukuphatha isifo sohudo." (Nakhu okunye ukudla ongakudla uma ulwa nomkhuhlane wesisu.)

Ubani osengcupheni enkulu yokungenwa ushevu wokudla ngokumelene nomkhuhlane wesisu?

Noma ubani angaba nomkhuhlane wesisu noma ushevu wokudla noma nini, kodwa abantu abathilekukhona okungenzeka kube sengozini enkulu. Ngokuvamile, ingozi yakho yokugula incike ekutheni amasosha omzimba wakho alunge kangakanani, yiliphi igciwane, amagciwane, amagciwane, noma ikhemikhali obukade utholakale kulo, nokuthi ubuchayeke kangakanani kulo, kuchaza uDkt. Nazareth.

Nokho, sekukonke, abantu abadala—amasosha abo omzimba angase angabi namandla njengentsha—bangase bangaphenduli ngokushesha noma ngokuphumelelayo ukuze balwe nezifo, okusho ukuthi bangase badinge usizo lwezokwelapha ukuze belaphe lesi sifo, kusho uDkt. Nazareth. (I-BTW, lokhu kudla okungu-12 kungasiza ukukhulisa amasosha akho omzimba ngesikhathi somkhuhlane.)

Ukukhulelwa nakho kungaba yimbangela eyingozi yokudla noma umkhuhlane wesisu, kwengeza uDkt. “Izinguquko eziningi zenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, njengokushintsha kwe-metabolism kanye nokujikeleza kwegazi, okungandisa ingozi [yezinkinga],” uyachaza. "Akukona nje ukuthi umama olindelwe angagula kakhulu, kepha kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, ukugula kungathinta ingane." Ngokufanayo, izinsana kanye nezingane ezincane kakhulu zingase zibe sengozini enkulu yokuthola umkhuhlane wesisu noma ukudla okunoshevu, njengoba amasosha abo omzimba engakavuthwa ngokugcwele ukuze agweme lezi zinhlobo zezifo, kuphawula uDkt. Nazareth. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abanezimo zezempilo ezithinta amasosha omzimba — okubandakanya ingculaza, isifo sikashukela, isifo sesibindi, noma labo abelashwa ngamakhemikhali — bangaba nengozi enkulu yomkhuhlane wesisu noma ukudla okunoshevu, kuchaza uDkt. Nazareth.

Ukuze kucace, ubuthi bokudla futhi umkhuhlane wesisu ungase utheleleke ngokudluliswa emoyeni nangokudla noma emanzini, kuye ngembangela yokugula, kusho uDkt. Nazareth. Isikhathi kuphela ukudla ushevu akuyona okuthelelanayo kwenzeka ezimweni lapho umuntu agule ngemuva kokudla noma ukuphuza okuthile okungcoliswe yikhemikhali noma ubuthi, njengoba kuzodingeka uphinde udle lokho kudla noma amanzi angcolile ukuze wehlise ukugula. Amagciwane namagciwane, ngakolunye uhlangothi, angahlala ngaphandle komzimba ezindaweni ezingaphezulu kwamahora, kwesinye isikhathi ngisho nezinsuku, kuya ngobunzima. Ngakho-ke uma icala lokudla ubuthi bekungumphumela wokudla noma ukuphuza okuthile okungcoliswe yigciwane noma ibhaktheriya, futhi imikhondo yalelo gciwane noma ibhaktheriya kungenzeka ukuthi ihlala emoyeni noma ngaphezulu, ungasithola ukugula ngaleyo ndlela, ngaphandle udla noma uphuza okuthile okungcolisiwe, kuchaza uDkt. Nazareth.

Ngokuqondene nama-parasites angabangela ubuthi bokudla, nakuba ngokuvamile engavamile kakhulu, amanye kukhona kuthelelana kakhulu (futhi konke kuzodinga ukwelashwa, kusho uDkt. Nazareth). I-Giardiasis, ngokwesibonelo, ukugula okuthinta umgudu wokugaya ukudla (uphawu oluyinhloko uhudo) futhi kubangelwa yisidlakudla seGiardia esincanyana, ngokusho kwenhlangano engenzi nzuzo iNemours Kids Health. Ingasakazeka ngokudla noma emanzini angcolile, kodwa i-parasite ingahlala endaweni engcoliswe indle (kungaba kubantu noma ezilwaneni ezithelelekile), ngokwe-University of Rochester Medical Center.

Noma ngabe kwenzenjani, ukuze uphephe, bobabili ochwepheshe bancoma ukuhlala ekhaya okungenani kuze kuphele ubuthi bokudla noma izimpawu zomkhuhlane wesisu (uma kungenjalo usuku noma ezimbili ngemuva kokuba usungcono), ungalungiseli abanye ukudla ngenkathi ugula, futhi uvame ukugeza izandla zakho , ikakhulukazi ngaphambi nangemva kokupheka nokudla, nangemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese. (Okuhlobene: Ungakugwema Kanjani Ukugula Ngesikhathi Senkathi Yomkhuhlane Nomkhuhlane)

Ungakuvikela kanjani ukudla okunobuthi uma kuqhathaniswa nomkhuhlane wesisu?

Ngeshwa, ngenxa yokuthi zombili izimo zingenzeka ngenxa yokusebenzisa ukudla noma amanzi angcolile, noma ukuba seduze nje kwendawo engcolile noma abantu, ochwepheshe bathi ukuvimbela ukudla okunoshevu noma umkhuhlane wesisu kuyibhizinisi elikhohlisayo. Ngenkathi ingekho indlela yokwenza lokho ngokuphelele gwema noma yikuphi ukugula, kunezindlela zokunciphisa amathuba akho wokwehla nabo.

Izeluleko ezimbalwa eziwusizo: "Geza izandla zakho lapho useduze kokudla, njengaphambi nangemva kokuphatha ukudla, ukulungisa ukudla nokupheka, kanye nangaphambi kokudla," kuphakamisa uDkt. Nazareth. "Qaphela lapho uphatha ukudla kwasolwandle okuluhlaza nenyama — sebenzisa ibhodi lokusika elihlukile kulezi zinto," uyanezela, ephawula ukuthi umshini wokuhlola izinga lokupheka ungakusiza uqiniseke ukuthi uyipheka kahle inyama. UDkt.Nazareth uphinde ancoma ukuthi kufakwe ukudla okufakwe esiqandisini kungakapheli amahora amabili kuphekiwe, yize kusheshe kungcono njalo ukuqinisekisa ukugcinwa okuphephile kokudla. (FYI: Isipinashi singakunikeza ushevu wokudla.)

Uma usohambweni, khumbula ukuhlola ukuthi amanzi lapho uya khona aphephile yini ukuthi ungaphuzwa. "Imvamisa abantu bayaxwayiswa ngokungcola okungaba khona lapho behambela amazwe athile emhlabeni asengozini. Ukudla kungangcoliswa ngokuphathwa kokudla okungafanele, ukupheka noma ukugcinwa," kunezela uDkt. Nazareth.

Buyekeza kwe-