Ubuthi Bokudla

-Delile

• Izimpawu ezinobuthi bokudla
• Yini ebangela ubuthi ekudleni?
• Amagciwane
• Izimuncagazi
• Amagciwane
• Ukudla kungcoliseka kanjani?
• Ubani osengozini yokudla ushevu ekudleni?
• Kutholakala kanjani ukuthi kufakwa ubuthi ekudleni?
• Uphathwa kanjani ubuthi ekudleni?
• Ukudla
• Yini enhle ongayidla uma une-poisoning yokudla?
• Yini embi ukuyidla uma une-poisoning yokudla?
• Umbono
• Kungavinjelwa kanjani ukufaka ushevu ekudleni?

Sifaka imikhiqizo esicabanga ukuthi ilusizo kubafundi bethu. Uma uthenga ngezixhumanisi ezikuleli khasi, singathola ikhomishini encane. Nansi inqubo yethu.

Buyini ubuthi ekudleni?

Ukugula okubangelwa ukudla, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ubuthi bokudla, kungumphumela wokudla ukudla okungcolile, okonakele noma okunobuthi. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zokufaka ushevu ekudleni zibandakanya isicanucanu, ukugabha nohudo.

Yize kungakhululeki neze, ubuthi bokudla akuvamile. Ngokusho kwe-, umuntu oyedwa kwabayisithupha baseMelika uzongenwa uhlobo oluthile lokudla ushevu minyaka yonke.

Izimpawu ezinobuthi bokudla

Uma une-poisoning yokudla, kungenzeka ukuthi ngeke ihambe ingatholakali. Izimpawu zingahluka ngokuya ngomthombo wokutheleleka. Ubude besikhathi esithatha ukuthi izimpawu zivele futhi buxhomeke emthonjeni wokutheleleka, kepha bungahle busuke kusukela ehoreni elingu-1 kuphela kuye ezinsukwini ezingama-28. Amacala ajwayelekile okudla ushevu ekudleni ngokuvamile afaka okungenani ezintathu zalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• amajaqamba esiswini
• isifo sohudo
• ukuhlanza
• ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
• umkhuhlane omncane
• ubuthakathaka
• isicanucanu
• ikhanda

Izimpawu zokudla okunobungozi bokudla zifaka phakathi:

• uhudo luqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu
• umkhuhlane ophakeme kuno-101.5 ° F
• kunzima ukubona noma ukukhuluma
• izimpawu zokuphelelwa amandla emzimbeni, okungafaka umlomo owomile, ukudlulisa umchamo omncane, nobunzima bokugcina uketshezi phansi
• umchamo onegazi

Uma uhlangabezana nenye yalezi zimpawu, kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Yini ebangela ubuthi ekudleni?

Ubuthi obuningi bokudla bungalandelwa kwesinye sezimbangela ezintathu ezilandelayo:

Amagciwane

Amagciwane yisona sizathu esande kakhulu sokudla okunoshevu ekudleni. Lapho ucabanga ngamagciwane ayingozi, amagama afana nalawa E. coli, IListeria, futhi Salmonellaufike engqondweni ngesizathu esihle. I-Salmonella yiyona eyimbangela enkulu yamacala obuthi obukhulu bokudla e-United States. Ngokusho kuka, amacala alinganiselwa ku-1 000 000 wokudla ushevu ekudleni, kufaka phakathi cishe izibhedlela ezingama-20 000, angalandelwa ukutheleleka nge-salmonella minyaka yonke. I-Campylobacter futhi C. i-botulinum ( botulism) ngamagciwane amabili awaziwa kancane futhi angaba yingozi angacasha ekudleni kwethu.

Izimuncagazi

Ubuthi bokudla obubangelwa amagciwane abuvamile njengokudla kokudla okubangelwa amagciwane, kepha izimuncagazi ezisakazeka ekudleni zisayingozi kakhulu. I-Toxoplasmayisinambuzane esibonwa kaningi ezimweni zokudla okunoshevu. Ngokuvamile kutholakala emabhokisini okulahla ikati. Izimuncagazi zingahlala endaweni yakho yokugaya ukudla zingatholakali iminyaka. Kodwa-ke, abantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka nabesifazane abakhulelwe basengozini yemiphumela emibi kakhulu uma izimuncagazi zihlala emathunjini abo.

Amagciwane

Ukudla ubuthi nakho kungabangelwa igciwane. I-norovirus, eyaziwa nangokuthi igciwane le-Norwalk, ibangela uketshezi lokudla unyaka nonyaka. Ezimweni ezingavamile, kungabulala. I-Sapovirus, i-rotavirus, ne-astrovirus ziletha izimpawu ezifanayo, kodwa azivamile kakhulu. Igciwane le-Hepatitis A yisimo esibi esingadluliselwa ngokudla.

Ukudla kungcoliseka kanjani?

Amagciwane angatholakala cishe kukho konke ukudla okudliwa ngabantu. Kodwa-ke, ukushisa okuphekwayo kuvame ukubulala amagciwane ekudleni ngaphambi kokuba kufinyelele epuletini lethu. Ukudla okudliwe kungavuthiwe kuyimithombo ejwayelekile yokudla okunoshevu ngoba akuhambi ngenqubo yokupheka.

Ngezikhathi ezithile, ukudla kuzothintana nezinto eziphilayo endabeni yendle. Lokhu kwenzeka kakhulu lapho umuntu elungisa ukudla engagezi izandla ngaphambi kokupheka.

Inyama, amaqanda, nemikhiqizo yobisi kuvame ukungcoliswa. Amanzi nawo angangcoliswa yizinto ezibanga ukugula.

Ubani osengozini yokudla ushevu ekudleni?

Noma ngubani angehla nokudla okunoshevu. Ngokwezibalo, cishe wonke umuntu uzokwehla nobuthi bokudla okungenani kanye ezimpilweni zabo.

Kunabantu abathile abasengozini enkulu kunabanye. Noma ngubani onamasosha omzimba acindezelwe noma onesifo sokuzivikela komzimba angaba nengozi enkulu yokutheleleka kanye nengozi enkulu yezinkinga ezibangelwa wubuthi bokudla.

Ngokusho komtholampilo iMayo, abesifazane abakhulelwe basengozini enkulu ngoba imizimba yabo ibhekene nezinguquko ekuguqulweni kwemizimba yabo nasezinhlelweni zokujikeleza kwegazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Abantu asebekhulile nabo babhekana nengozi enkulu yokuthola ubuthi bokudla ngoba amasosha abo omzimba kungenzeka angasabeli ngokushesha ezintweni ezithathelwanayo. Izingane nazo zibhekwa njengabantu abasengozini ngoba amasosha abo omzimba awathuthukisiwe njengawabantu abadala. Izingane ezincane zithinteka kalula ngokuphela kwamanzi okuphuma ekuhlanzweni nasekukhanyeni.

Kutholakala kanjani ukuthi kufakwa ubuthi ekudleni?

Udokotela wakho angakwazi ukuxilonga uhlobo lokudla okunoshevu ngokuya ngezimpawu zakho. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ukuhlolwa kwendle, nokuhlolwa kokudla okudlile kungenziwa ukuthola ukuthi yini ebanga ubuthi bokudla. Udokotela wakho futhi angasebenzisa ukuhlolwa komchamo ukuhlola ukuthi ngabe umuntu uphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni ngenxa yokudla okunoshevu.

Uphathwa kanjani ubuthi ekudleni?

Ubuthi bokudla ngokuvamile bungelashwa ekhaya, futhi amacala amaningi azoxazululwa kungakapheli izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu.

Uma une-poisoning yokudla, kubalulekile ukuhlala unamanzi afanele. Iziphuzo zezemidlalo ezinama-electrolyte amaningi zingasiza kulokhu. Ijusi yezithelo namanzi kakhukhunathi angabuyisa ama-carbohydrate futhi asize ngokukhathala.

Gwema i-caffeine, engacasula umgudu wokugaya ukudla. Ama-teas angenawo amafutha anezinambuzane ezithobekile ezifana ne-chamomile, i-peppermint ne-dandelion ingase isisuse isisu esicasulayo. Funda ngamakhambi amaningi wesisu esithukuthele.

Imithi ethengiswa ngaphandle kwamakhompiyutha njenge-Imodium nePepto-Bismol ingasiza ekulawuleni isifo sohudo futhi icindezele isicanucanu. Kodwa-ke, kufanele ubonane nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa le mithi, njengoba umzimba usebenzisa ukuhlanza nohudo ukususa uhlelo lobuthi. Futhi, ukusebenzisa le mithi kungabufihla ubunzima besifo futhi kukwenze wephuze ukufuna ukwelashwa ngochwepheshe.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi labo abanobuthi bokudla bathole ukuphumula okuningi.

Ezimweni ezinzima zokudla okunobuthi, abantu bangadinga ukufuthwa ngamanzi ane-intravenous (IV) esibhedlela. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu ezinobuthi bokudla, kungadingeka ukulala isikhathi eside esibhedlela ngenkathi umuntu esalulama.

Ukudla

Yini enhle ongayidla uma une-poisoning yokudla?

Kungcono ukubamba kancane ukudla okuqinile kuze kudlule ukuhlanza nohudo futhi esikhundleni salokho unciphisele ekudleni kwakho okuvamile ngokudla ukudla okulula ukugaya okunamafutha futhi okunamafutha amancane, njenge:

• ama-saltine crackers
• i-gelatin
• ubhanana
• irayisi
• oatmeal
• umhluzi wenkukhu
• bland amazambane
• imifino ebilisiwe
• ubhontshisi
• i-soda ngaphandle kwe-caffeine (i-ginger ale, ubhiya wezimpande)
• ijusi yezithelo ehlanjululwe
• iziphuzo zemidlalo

Yini embi ukuyidla uma une-poisoning yokudla?

Ukuvimbela isisu sakho ekucasukeni kakhulu, zama ukugwema lokhu okudla okunzima ukugayeka okulandelayo, noma ngabe ucabanga ukuthi uzizwa ungcono:

• imikhiqizo yobisi, ikakhulukazi ubisi noshizi
• ukudla okunamafutha
• ukudla okunomsoco kakhulu
• ukudla okunoshukela omningi
• ukudla okubabayo
• ukudla okuthosiwe

Kufanele futhi ugweme:

• i-caffeine (isoda, iziphuzo zamandla, ikhofi)
• utshwala
• i-nicotine

Umbono

Ngenkathi ukuthola ubuthi bokudla kungathandeki neze, izindaba ezinhle ukuthi abantu abaningi balulama ngokuphelele kungakapheli amahora angama-48. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi yini ongayidla ngemuva kokudla okunoshevu.

Ukudla ubuthi kungasongela impilo, kepha i-CDC ithi lokhu akuvamile neze.

Kungavinjelwa kanjani ukufaka ushevu ekudleni?

Indlela engcono yokuvimbela ushevu ekudleni ukuphatha ukudla kwakho ngokuphepha nokugwema noma yikuphi ukudla okungenzeka kungaphephile.

Okunye ukudla kunamathuba amaningi okuthi kubangele ubuthi bokudla ngenxa yendlela okukhiqizwa futhi kulungiswe ngayo. Inyama, izinkukhu, amaqanda ne-shellfish kungabamba izinto ezithathelwanayo ezibulawa ngesikhathi sokupheka. Uma lokhu kudla kudliwa ngendlela yakho eluhlaza, kungaphekiwe kahle, noma uma izandla nezindawo kungacocwanga ngemuva kokuthintana, ubuthi bokudla bungavela.

Okunye ukudla okungenzeka ukuthi kubangele ubuthi bokudla kufaka:

• i-sushi neminye imikhiqizo yezinhlanzi ekhonzwa iluhlaza noma ingaphekiwe
• inyama yokudla nezinja ezishisayo ezingafudunyezwa noma ezingaphekiwe
• inyama yenkomo, engaba nenyama yezilwane eziningana
• ubisi olungashiswanga, ushizi nejusi
• izithelo nemifino eluhlaza, engageziwe

Hlanza izandla zakho njalo ngaphambi kokupheka noma kokudla ukudla. Qiniseka ukuthi ukudla kwakho kuvaliwe kahle futhi kuyagcinwa. Pheka kahle inyama namaqanda. Noma yini ehlangana nemikhiqizo eluhlaza kufanele ihlanzwe ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa ukwenza okunye ukudla. Qiniseka ukuthi uhlala ugeza izithelo nemifino ngaphambi kokuphaka.