Ubuciko obukhulu

-Delile

• Yini ebangela i-gigantism?
• Ukuqaphela izimpawu ze-gigantism
• Itholakala kanjani i-gigantism?
• Iphathwa kanjani i-gigantism?
• Ukuhlinzwa
• Imithi
• Ama-radiosurgery wommese we-Gamma
• Umbono wesikhathi eside wezingane ezine-gigantism

Kuyini iGigantism?

I-Gigantism yisimo esingajwayelekile esidala ukukhula okungavamile ezinganeni. Lolu shintsho luphawuleka kakhulu ngokuya ngobude, kepha ibhande nalo liyathinteka. Kwenzeka lapho i-pituitary gland yengane yakho yenza i-hormone yokukhula eningi kakhulu, eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-somatotropin.

Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile. Ukwelashwa ngokushesha kungamisa noma kunciphise izinguquko ezingadala ukuthi ingane yakho ikhule ibe nkulu kunokujwayelekile. Noma kunjalo, lesi simo singaba nzima kubazali ukusibona. Izimpawu ze-gigantism zingahle zibonakale njengezikhukhula zokukhula kwengane ekuqaleni.

Yini ebangela i-gigantism?

I-pituitary gland tumor cishe njalo iyimbangela ye-gigantism. Indlala yobukhulu bepea itholakala ebuchosheni bakho. Kwenza ama-hormone alawula imisebenzi eminingi emzimbeni wakho. Eminye imisebenzi ephethwe yindlala ifaka:

• ukulawula izinga lokushisa
• ukuthuthukiswa kocansi
• ukukhula
• umzimba
• ukukhiqizwa komchamo

Lapho isimila sikhula endlaleni ye-pituitary, le ndlala yenza i-hormone yokukhula enkulu kakhulu kunaleyo edingwa ngumzimba.

Kunezinye izimbangela ezingavamile kakhulu ze-gigantism:

• IMcCune-Albright syndrome ibangela ukukhula okungakajwayeleki kwezicubu zamathambo, amabala esikhumba esinsundu ngokukhanyayo nezinkinga zezindlala.
• ICarney complex yisimo esizuzwe njengefa esidala izicubu ezingenasifo somdlavuza kuzicubu ezixhuma, izicubu zomdlavuza ezinomdlavuza noma ezingezona ezomdlavuza, namabala esikhumba esimnyama.
• Izinhlobo eziningi ze-endocrine neoplasia yohlobo 1 (MEN1) yisifo esizuzwe njengefa esidala izicubu endlaleni ye-pituitary, amanyikwe, noma izindlala ze-parathyroid.
• I-Neurofibromatosis yisifo esizuzwe njengefa esidala izicubu ohlelweni lwezinzwa.

Ukuqaphela izimpawu ze-gigantism

Uma ingane yakho ine-gigantism, ungaqaphela ukuthi zikhulu kakhulu kunezinye izingane ezineminyaka efanayo. Futhi, ezinye izitho zomzimba wazo zingaba zikhulu ngokulingana nezinye izingxenye. Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zifaka:

• izandla nezinyawo ezinkulu kakhulu
• izinzwani neminwe eminyene
• umhlathi ovelele nebunzi
• Izici zobuso ezimangelengele

Izingane ezine-gigantism nazo zingaba namakhala ayisicaba namakhanda amakhulu, izindebe, noma izilimi.

Izimpawu ingane yakho enazo zingaxhomeka ngosayizi wesimila segciwane lengqula. Njengoba isimila sikhula, singacindezela izinzwa ebuchosheni. Abantu abaningi babhekana nekhanda, izinkinga zokubona, noma isicanucanu esivela kwizicubu kule ndawo. Ezinye izimpawu ze-gigantism zingafaka:

• ukujuluka okweqile
• ikhanda elibuhlungu noma elibuhlungu
• ubuthakathaka
• ukuqwasha nezinye izinkinga zokulala
• ukubambezeleka kokuthomba kubafana namantombazane
• izikhathi ezingavamile zokuya esikhathini emantombazaneni
• ukungezwa

Itholakala kanjani i-gigantism?

Uma udokotela wengane yakho esola i-gigantism, bangancoma ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukukala amazinga ama-hormone okukhula kanye ne-insulin-like factor factor 1 (IGF-1), eyi-hormone ekhiqizwa yisibindi. Udokotela futhi angancoma ukuhlolwa komlomo kokubekezela i-glucose.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokubekezelelana kweglucose ngomlomo, ingane yakho izophuza isiphuzo esikhethekile esine-glucose, uhlobo lukashukela. Amasampula egazi azothathwa ngaphambi nangemva kokuba ingane yakho isiphuze isiphuzo.

Emzimbeni ojwayelekile, amazinga ama-hormone okukhula azokwehla ngemuva kokudla noma ukuphuza i-glucose.Uma amazinga engane yakho ahlala efanayo, kusho ukuthi umzimba wawo ukhiqiza i-hormone yokukhula eningi kakhulu.

Uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi kukhombisa i-gigantism, ingane yakho izodinga ukuskena kwe-MRI kwendlala ye-pituitary. Odokotela basebenzisa lesi sikena ukuthola isimila futhi babone ubukhulu baso nesimo saso.

Iphathwa kanjani i-gigantism?

Ukwelashwa kwe-gigantism kuhlose ukumisa noma ukubambezela ukukhiqizwa kwengane yakho kwama-hormone okukhula.

Ukuhlinzwa

Ukususa isimila kuyindlela yokwelashwa ekhethiwe ye-gigantism uma kuyimbangela eyisisekelo.

Udokotela ohlinzayo uzofinyelela isimila ngokwenza imbobo ekhaleni lengane yakho. Kusetshenziswa ama-microscopes noma amakhamera amancane ukusiza odokotela abahlinzayo ukuthi babone isimila esisemgodini. Ezimweni eziningi, ingane yakho kufanele ikwazi ukubuyela ekhaya isuka esibhedlela ngosuku olulandelayo ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

Imithi

Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlinzeka kungenzeka kungabi inketho. Isibonelo, uma kunengozi enkulu yokulimala esitsheni segazi esibucayi noma emsipheni.

Udokotela wengane yakho angancoma umuthi uma ukuhlinzwa kungeyona inketho. Lokhu kwelashwa kuhloselwe ukunciphisa isimila noma ukumisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-hormone yokukhula ngokweqile.

Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa izidakamizwa i-octreotide noma i-lanreotide ukuvimbela ukukhishwa kwe-hormone yokukhula. Le mithi ilingisa enye i-hormone eyeka ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone okukhula. Imvamisa zinikezwa njengomjovo cishe kanye ngenyanga.

I-Bromocriptine ne-cabergoline yizidakamizwa ezingasetshenziswa ukwehlisa amazinga ama-hormone okukhula. Lezi zivame ukunikezwa ngefomu lephilisi. Zingasetshenziswa nge-octreotide. I-Octreotide iyi-hormone yokwenziwa okuthi, lapho ijojowe, futhi yehlise amazinga ama-hormone okukhula kanye ne-IGF-1.

Ezimweni lapho le mithi ingasizi khona, isibhamu sansuku zonke se-pegvisomant singasetshenziswa futhi. I-Pegvisomant yisidakamizwa esivimba imiphumela yama-hormone okukhula. Lokhu kwehlisa amazinga e-IGF-1 emzimbeni wengane yakho.

Ama-radiosurgery wommese we-Gamma

I-radiosurgery yommese weGamma inketho uma udokotela wengane yakho ekholelwa ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kwendabuko akunakwenzeka.

“Ummese we-gamma” iqoqo lezinsika zemisebe ezigxile kakhulu. Lezi zigxobo azilimazi izicubu ezizungezile, kodwa ziyakwazi ukuletha umthamo onamandla wemisebe lapho zihlangana khona zishaye isimila. Lokhu umthamo kwanele ukuqeda isimila.

Ukwelashwa ngommese we-Gamma kuthatha izinyanga kuya eminyakeni ukusebenza ngempumelelo ngokuphelele nokubuyisela amazinga e-hormone yokukhula aye kwesejwayelekile. Kwenziwa ngokugula kweziguli ngaphansi kokubulala izinzwa okuvamile.

Kodwa-ke, njengoba imisebe yalolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa ixhunyaniswe nokukhuluphala, ukukhubazeka kokufunda, nezinkinga ezingokomzwelo ezinganeni, kuvame ukusetshenziswa kuphela lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa zingasebenzi.

Umbono wesikhathi eside wezingane ezine-gigantism

Ngokwesibhedlela i-St. Joseph’s and Medical Center, amaphesenti angama-80 amacala we-gigantism abangelwa uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesimila samangqamuzana ayelapheka ngokuhlinzwa. Uma isimila sibuya noma uma ukuhlinzeka kungenakuzanywa ngokuphepha, imishanguzo ingasetshenziselwa ukwehlisa izimpawu zengane yakho nokuyivumela ukuthi iphile impilo ende neyenelisayo.