Ziyini izindlala zamathe, uyini umsebenzi wazo nezinkinga ezivamile

-Delile

• Umsebenzi wezindlala zamathe
• Yiziphi izinkinga ezingenzeka?
• 1. iSialoadenitis
• 2. I-Sialolithiasis
• 3. Umdlavuza wezindlala zamathe
• 4. Izifo
• 5. Izifo ezizimele

Izindlala zamathe ziyizakhiwo ezisemlonyeni ezinomsebenzi wokukhiqiza nokufihla amathe, anama-enzyme abhekele ukusiza inqubo yokugaya ukudla nokugcina ukuthambisa komphimbo nomlomo, kuvimbela ukoma.

Kwezinye izimo, njengokutheleleka noma ukwakheka kwamatshe amathe, ukusebenza kwendlala yamathe kungaphazamiseka, okuholele kwizimpawu ezinjengokuvuvukala kwendlala ethintekile, engabonakala ngokuvuvukala kobuso, kanye nobuhlungu ukuvula umlomo nokugwinya, isibonelo. Kulezi zimo, kubalulekile ukuthi umuntu aye kudokotela wamazinyo noma kudokotela ojwayelekile ukuze imbangela iphenywe futhi kuqalwe ukwelashwa okufanele.

Umsebenzi wezindlala zamathe

Umsebenzi oyinhloko wezindlala zamathe ukukhiqiza nokufihla amathe, okwenzeka lapho kukhona ukudla emlonyeni noma ngenxa yokugqugquzela okunomsoco, ngaphezu kokwenzeka njalo ngenhloso yokugcina ukuthambisa nokuhlanzeka komlomo, njengoba inama-enzyme akwazi ukuqeda amabhaktheriya futhi ngaleyo ndlela anciphise ubungozi bokushabalala.

Amathe akhiqizwayo nafihliwe futhi acebile ngama-enzyme wokugaya ukudla, njenge-ptialin, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-salivary amylase, ebhekele isigaba sokuqala senqubo yokugaya ukudla, ehambelana nokonakala kwesitashi nokuthanjiswa kokudla, okuvumela ukugwinya kwayo. Qonda ukuthi inqubo yokugaya ukudla isebenza kanjani.

Izindlala ze-salivary zikhona emlonyeni futhi zingahlukaniswa ngokuya ngendawo yazo ku:

• Izindlala zeParotid, okuyindlala yamathe enkulu kunazo zonke futhi etholakala ngaphambi kwendlebe nangemuva kwe-mandible;
• Izindlala ze-Submandibular, ekhona engxenyeni engemuva yomlomo;
• Izindlala Sublingual, amancane futhi atholakala ngaphansi kolimi.

Zonke izindlala zamathe zikhiqiza amathe, noma kunjalo izindlala ze-parotid, ezinkulu, zibhekene nokukhiqizwa okukhulu nokukhishwa kwamathe.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingenzeka?

Ezinye izimo zingaphazamisa ukusebenza kwezindlala zamathe, ezingaba nemiphumela enhlalakahleni yomuntu nasezingeni lempilo yakhe. Ushintsho olukhulu oluhlobene nendlala yamathe ukuvinjelwa komsele wamathe ngenxa yobukhona bamatshe akhiwe esizeni.

Izinguquko kwizindlala zamathe zingahluka ngokuya ngesizathu sazo, ukuziphendukela kwemvelo nokubikezela, ushintsho olukhulu oluhlobene nalezi zindlala:

1. iSialoadenitis

I-Sialoadenitis ifana nokuvuvukala kwendlala yamathe ngenxa yokutheleleka ngamagciwane noma amabhaktheriya, ukuvinjelwa komgudu noma ukutholakala kwetshe eliyigugu, okuholela ezimpawu ezingase zingakhululeki kumuntu, njengokubuhlungu okuqhubekayo emlonyeni, ubomvu be-mucous ulwelwesi, ukuvuvukala kwesifunda ngaphansi kolimi nomlomo owomile.

Endabeni ye-sialoadenitis ehlanganisa i-parotid gland, kungenzeka nokuthi ukuvuvukala kubonakale ohlangothini lobuso, okuyilapho le ndlala ingatholakala khona. Yazi ukuthi ungazibona kanjani izimpawu ze-sialoadenitis.

Okufanele ngikwenze: I-Sialoadenitis ivame ukuzixazulula yodwa, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokwelapha okuthile. Kodwa-ke, uma iphikelela, kunconywa ukuthi uye kudokotela wamazinyo noma udokotela ojwayelekile ukwenza ukuxilongwa bese uqala ukwelashwa, okuhluka ngokuya ngesizathu, futhi ama-antibiotic angakhonjiswa uma kungenzeka ukutheleleka, noma ukusetshenziswa kwemithi elwa nokuvuvukala ngenhloso yokwehlisa izimpawu nezimpawu.

2. I-Sialolithiasis

I-Sialolithiasis ingachazwa ngokuthandwa njengobukhona bamatshe amathe emgodini wamathe, okudala ukuvinjelwa kwawo, okungabonakala ngezimpawu nezimpawu ezinjengobuhlungu ebusweni nasemlonyeni, ukuvuvukala, ubunzima bokugwinya nomlomo owomile.

Isizathu sokwakhiwa kwamatshe amathe asikaziwa, kepha kuyaziwa ukuthi amatshe angumphumela wokuqedwa kwezinto ezisematheni nokuthi angathandwa ukudla okunganele noma ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile ekwaziyo ukunciphisa inani lamathe akhiqizwayo.

Okufanele ngikwenze: Ukwelashwa kwe-sialolithiasis kufanele kunconywe ngudokotela futhi kungahluka ngosayizi wetshe. Endabeni yamatshe amancane, kunganconywa ukuthi lowo muntu aphuze amanzi anele ukukhuthaza itshe lomsele wamathe ukuba libaleke. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho itshe likhulu kakhulu, udokotela angancoma ukwenza inqubo encane yokuhlinzwa ukuze asuse itshe. Qonda ukuthi i-sialolithiasis iphathwa kanjani.

3. Umdlavuza wezindlala zamathe

Umdlavuza wezindlala zamathe yisifo esingajwayelekile esingaqashelwa ngokuvela kwezinye izimpawu nezimpawu, njengokuvela kwesigaxa ebusweni, entanyeni noma emlonyeni, kubuhlungu nokuba ndikindiki ebusweni, ubunzima bokuvula umlomo nokugwinya nobuthakathaka emisipheni yobuso.

Yize kuyisifo esibi, lolu hlobo lomdlavuza luyelapheka futhi luyelapheka, kepha kubalulekile ukuthi ukuxilongwa kwenziwe ngokushesha futhi ukwelashwa kwaqala kungekudala.

Okufanele ngikwenze: Endabeni yomdlavuza wezindlala zamathe, kubalulekile ukuthi ukwelashwa kuqalwe ngokushesha okukhulu ukuze kugwenywe imastastasis futhi kubhebhethekise isimo somtholampilo womuntu. Ngakho-ke, ngokuya ngohlobo lomdlavuza nobungako bawo, udokotela angancoma ukuhlinzwa, kususwe amaseli amangqamuzana amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka, ngaphezu kwe-radiotherapy ne-chemotherapy, engenziwa yodwa noma ndawonye.

Funda kabanzi ngomdlavuza wezindlala ezikhalelayo.

4. Izifo

Izindlala zamathe nazo zingashintsha ukusebenza kwazo futhi zivuvuke ngenxa yezifo, ezingadalwa isikhunta, amagciwane noma amabhaktheriya. Ukutheleleka okuvame kakhulu ukutholwa igciwane lomndeni I-Paramyxoviridae, elibhekele izigaxa, ezaziwa nangokuthi omgogodla abathelelekayo.

Izimpawu zezimungulu zivela ezinsukwini ezingama-25 ngemuva kokuthintana namagciwane kanti uphawu oluyinhloko lokugunquza ukuvuvukala ohlangothini lobuso, esifundeni esiphakathi kwendlebe nesilevu, ngenxa yokuvuvukala kwendlala ye-parotid, ngaphezu kwekhanda futhi ubuso, ubuhlungu lapho ugwinya nalapho uvula umlomo nokuzwa komlomo owomile.

Okufanele ngikwenze: Ukwelashwa kwezimvukuzane kuhlose ukuqeda izimpawu, kanti nokusetshenziswa kwamaphilisi ezinhlungu kunganconywa ngudokotela ukuqeda ukungakhululeki, kanye nokuphumula nokungenisa uketshezi oluningi, ukuze kube lula ukuqeda igciwane emzimbeni .

5. Izifo ezizimele

Ezinye izifo ezizimele zingenza nezindlala zamathe zivuleke futhi zingasebenzi kahle, njengeSjögren's Syndrome, okuyisifo esizimele lapho kukhona ukuvuvukala kwezindlala ezahlukahlukene emzimbeni, kufaka phakathi izindlala zamathe kanye nezilonda. Ngenxa yalokhu, izimpawu ezifana nomlomo owomile, amehlo omile, ubunzima bokugwinya, isikhumba esomile kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yokutheleleka emlonyeni nasemehlweni kuvela. Yazi ezinye izimpawu zeSjogren's Syndrome.

Okufanele ngikwenze: Ukwelashwa kweSjögren's Syndrome kwenziwa ngenhloso yokuqeda izimpawu, ngakho-ke udokotela angancoma ukusetshenziswa kokugcoba iso amaconsi, amathe okufakelwa nezidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwezindlala.