I-Gram Stain

-Delile

• Yini ibala le-Gram?
• Kusetshenziselwa ini?
• Kungani ngidinga ibala le-Gram?
• Kwenzekani ngesikhathi se-Gram stain?
• Ngabe kukhona engizodinga ukukwenza ukulungiselela isivivinyo?
• Ingabe zikhona izingozi esivivinyweni?
• Isho ukuthini imiphumela?
• Ngabe kukhona okunye engidinga ukukwazi mayelana nebala le-Gram?
• Izinkomba

Yini ibala le-Gram?

Ibala le-Gram yisivivinyo esihlola amabhaktheriya endaweni lapho kusolwa khona ukutheleleka noma oketshezini oluthile lomzimba, njengegazi noma umchamo. Lawa masayithi afaka umphimbo, amaphaphu nezitho zangasese, nasemanxebeni esikhumba.

Kunezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko zokutheleleka ngamagciwane: i-Gram-positive ne-Gram-negative. Izigaba zitholakala ngokususelwa ekutheni amabhaktheriya asabela kanjani kusisi se-Gram. Ibala le-Gram linombala onsomi. Lapho ibala lihlangana namagciwane kusampula, amabhaktheriya azohlala ansomi noma ajike abomvana noma abomvu. Uma amabhaktheriya ehlala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ane-Gram-positive. Uma amabhaktheriya ephenduka abomvana noma abomvu, awunayo i-Gram-negative. Lezi zigaba ezimbili zidala izinhlobo ezahlukene zezifo:

• Ukutheleleka nge-Gram-positive kufaka phakathi i-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), izifo ze-strep, kanye ne-shock shock.
• Ukutheleleka nge-gram-negative kufaka phakathi i-salmonella, i-pneumonia, izifo zomgudu womchamo, ne-gonorrhea.

Ibala le-Gram lingasetshenziselwa ukuxilonga izifo zokukhunta.

Amanye amagama: Ibala likaGram

Kusetshenziselwa ini?

Ibala le-Gram livame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthola ukuthi unesifo se-bacterial. Uma wenza kanjalo, ukuhlolwa kuzobonisa ukuthi ukutheleleka kwakho kune-Gram-positive noma i-Gram-negative.

Kungani ngidinga ibala le-Gram?

Ungadinga lokhu kuhlolwa uma unezimpawu zokutheleleka ngegciwane. Ubuhlungu, umkhuhlane, nokukhathala yizimpawu ezivamile zezifo eziningi zamagciwane. Ezinye izimpawu zizoya ngohlobo lokutheleleka onalo nokuthi likuphi emzimbeni.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi se-Gram stain?

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzodinga ukuthatha isampula endaweni lapho kusolakala khona ukutheleleka noma oketshezini oluthile lomzimba, kuya ngohlobo lokutheleleka onalo. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokuhlolwa kwebala le-Gram zibhalwe ngezansi.

Isilonda sesilonda:

• Umhlinzeki uzosebenzisa i-swab ekhethekile ukuqoqa isampula kusuka endaweni yesilonda sakho.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi:

• Umhlinzeki uzothatha isampula yegazi emthanjeni osengalweni yakho.

Ukuhlolwa komchamo:

• Uzohlinzeka ngesampula eliyinyumba lomchamo enkomishini, njengoba kuyalelwe ngumhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.

Isiko le-Throat:

• Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzofaka i-swab ekhethekile emlonyeni wakho ukuze athathe isampula ngemuva komphimbo namathoni.

Isiko lesikhohlela. Isikhwehlela amafinyila aminyene akhwehlela esuka emaphashini. Ihlukile kumathe noma amathe.

• Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzokucela ukuthi ukhwehlele isikhwehlela enkomishini ekhethekile, noma i-swab ekhethekile ingasetshenziselwa ukuthatha isampula emakhaleni akho.

Ngabe kukhona engizodinga ukukwenza ukulungiselela isivivinyo?

Awudingi noma yimaphi amalungiselelo akhethekile webala le-Gram.

Ingabe zikhona izingozi esivivinyweni?

Ayikho ingozi yokuhlolwa nge-swab, isikhwehlela, noma umchamo.

Kunengozi encane kakhulu yokuhlolwa kwegazi. Ungaba nobuhlungu obuncane noma ukulimaza lapho kufakwe khona inaliti, kepha izimpawu eziningi ziyaphela ngokushesha.

Isho ukuthini imiphumela?

Isampula lakho lizobekwa kwisilayidi bese liphathwa ngebala le-Gram. Uchwepheshe waselabhorethri uzohlola isilayidi ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu. Uma kungekho magciwane atholakele, kusho ukuthi mhlawumbe awunalo igciwane lesandulela ngculaza noma abengekho amagciwane anele kusampula.

Uma kutholakala amabhaktheriya, azoba nezimfanelo ezithile ezinganikeza imininingwane ebalulekile mayelana nokutheleleka kwakho:

• Uma amabhaktheriya ayenombala onsomi, kusho ukuthi kungenzeka une-Gram-positive infection.
• Uma ibhaktheriya yayinombala obomvana noma obomvu, kusho ukuthi kungenzeka unegciwane eline-Gram-negative.

Imiphumela yakho izofaka imininingwane emayelana nokuma kwamagciwane kusampula yakho. Amagciwane amaningi angaba yindilinga (eyaziwa ngokuthi i-cocci) noma amise okwezinduku (aziwa ngokuthi ama-bacilli). Ukuma kunganikeza imininingwane eminingi ngohlobo lokutheleleka onalo.

Yize imiphumela yakho ingahle ingakhombi uhlobo oluqondile lwebhaktheriya kusampula yakho, ingasiza umhlinzeki wakho asondele ekutholeni ukuthi yini ebangela ukugula kwakho nokuthi ingalashwa kanjani kangcono. Ungadinga izivivinyo eziningi, njengesiko lamagciwane, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi luhlobo luni lwama-bacteria.

Imiphumela yebala le-Gram ingakhombisa nokuthi ngabe une-fungal infection. Imiphumela ingakhombisa ukuthi yisiphi isigaba sokutheleleka kwefungal onayo: imvubelo noma isikhunta. Kepha ungadinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuthola ukuthi yikuphi ukutheleleka kwefungal onakho.

Uma unemibuzo ngemiphumela yakho, khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri, ububanzi bezinkomba, nemiphumela yokuqonda.

Ngabe kukhona okunye engidinga ukukwazi mayelana nebala le-Gram?

Uma kutholakala ukuthi unesifo segciwane, cishe uzonikezwa ama-antibiotic. Kubalulekile ukuthatha umuthi wakho njengoba unqunyiwe, noma ngabe izimpawu zakho zimnene. Lokhu kungavimbela ukutheleleka kwakho ukuthi kubhebhethekise futhi kubangele izinkinga ezinkulu.

Izinkomba

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