Ingabe Ukuthi Kunzima Ukuzwa Kwehluke Kanjani Kokuba Izithulu?

-Delile

• Uyini umehluko phakathi kokuzwa kanzima nokuba yisithulu?
• Ziyini izimpawu zokuba nzima ukuzwa?
• Ezinganeni nasezinsaneni
• Yini engadala ukuthi ube nzima ukuzwa?
• Yiziphi izinketho zokwelashwa?
• Ingabe zikhona izindlela zokuvimbela ukulahleka kokuzwa?
• Izinsizakusebenza zokuzwa ukulahleka
• Amathiphu wokuxhumana nomuntu okunzima ukuzwa
• Okubalulekile

I-World Health Organisation (WHO) ilinganisela ukuthi ngaphezu kwenani labantu emhlabeni linendlela ethile yokukhubaza ukulahleka kokuzwa.

Odokotela bazokuchaza umuntu njengokulahleka kokuzwa lapho engezwa kahle noma nhlobo.

Kungenzeka uzwile amagama athi "ukuzwa kanzima" nokuthi "izithulu" ukuchaza ukulahleka kokuzwa. Kepha asho ukuthini la magama? Ingabe kukhona umehluko phakathi kwabo? Kulesi sihloko, siphendula le mibuzo nokuningi.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kokuzwa kanzima nokuba yisithulu?

Umehluko phakathi kokuzwa kanzima nokuba yisithulu usezingeni lokulahlekelwa kokuzwa okwenzekile.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokulahleka kokuzwa, kufaka phakathi:

• Maphakathi: Imisindo ethambile noma ecashile kunzima ukuyizwa.
• Maphakathi: Kunzima ukuzwa inkulumo noma imisindo esezingeni lomthamo ojwayelekile.
• Kunzima: Kungenzeka ukuzwa imisindo ephakeme noma inkulumo, kepha kunzima kakhulu ukuzwa noma yini ngezinga levolumu elijwayelekile.
• Okujulile: Imisindo ephezulu kakhulu kuphela engazwakala, noma mhlawumbe ingabi khona nhlobo imisindo.

Ukuzwa kanzima yigama elibhekise kumuntu onenkinga yokuzwa okuncane. Kulaba bantu, amandla athile okuzwa asekhona.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba yisithulu kubhekisela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kokuzwa. Abantu abayizithulu banokuzwa okuncane kakhulu noma abakho nakancane.

Abantu abayizithulu nalabo okunzima ukuzwa bangaxhumana nabanye ngaphandle kwezwi ngezindlela eziningi ezahlukene. Ezinye izibonelo zifaka phakathi uLimi Lwezandla LwaseMelika (i-ASL) nokufunda izindebe.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuba nzima ukuzwa?

Ezinye zezimpawu zokuzwa kanzima zingabandakanya:

• ukuzwa sengathi inkulumo neminye imisindo ithule noma ayifakwanga
• unenkinga yokuzwa abanye abantu, ikakhulukazi endaweni enomsindo noma lapho kukhulunywa abantu abangaphezu koyedwa
• ngidinga njalo ukucela abanye ukuthi baziphinde noma bakhulume ngokuzwakalayo noma ngokunensa
• ukuvula ivolumu phezulu ku-TV yakho noma kumahedfoni

Ezinganeni nasezinsaneni

Izingane nezinsana ezingezwa kahle zingakhombisa izimpawu ezihlukile kunezabantu abadala. Izimpawu ezinganeni zingabandakanya:

• ukuba nenkulumo engacacile noma ukukhuluma kakhulu kakhulu
• uvame ukuphendula ngokuthi “huh?” noma "ini?"
• ukungaphenduli noma ukulandela izinkomba
• ukubambezeleka entuthukweni yokukhuluma
• ukukhuphula kakhulu ivolumu ku-TV noma kumahedfoni

Ezinye izimpawu ezinganeni zifaka:

• ukungathuki ngomsindo omkhulu
• ukukubona kuphela lapho bekubona hhayi lapho usho igama labo
• kubonakala ukuzwa eminye imisindo kodwa hhayi eminye
• ukungaphenduli noma ukuphendukela kumthombo womsindo ngemuva kokuthi zifinyelele ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ubudala
• ukungasho amagama alula owodwa ngonyaka owodwa

Yini engadala ukuthi ube nzima ukuzwa?

Izici ezahlukahlukene zingaholela ekubeni kube nzima ukuzwa. Zingafaka:

• Ukuguga: Amandla ethu okuzwa ayancipha njengoba sikhula ngenxa yokwehla kwezakhiwo endlebeni.
• Imisindo emikhulu: Ukuchayeka emisindweni enkulu ngesikhathi sokungcebeleka noma emsebenzini kungalimaza ukuzwa kwakho.
• Izifo: Ezinye izifo zingaholela ekulahlekelweni kokuzwa. Lokhu kungafaka izinto ezinjengezifo ezingamahlalakhona ezingaphakathi ezindlebeni (i-otitis media), i-meningitis, nesimungumungwane.
• Ukutheleleka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa: Ukutheleleka okuthile komama kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kokuzwa ezinganeni. Lokhu kungafaka i-rubella, i-cytomegalovirus (CMV), negcunsula.
• Ukulimala: Ukulimala ekhanda noma endlebeni, njengokushaywa noma ukuwa, kungahle kuholele ekulahlekelweni kokuzwa.
• Imithi: Eminye imithi ingadala ukulahleka kokuzwa. Izibonelo zifaka ezinye izinhlobo zama-antibiotic, izidakamizwa ze-chemotherapy, kanye ne-diuretics.
• Ukungajwayelekile kokuzalwa: Abanye abantu bazalwa benezindlebe ezingakhekile kahle.
• Izakhi zofuzo: Izici zofuzo zingabeka umuntu othile phambili ekuthuthukiseni ukulahleka kokuzwa.
• Izici zomzimba: Ukuba ne-eardrum enamabala noma i-buildup ye-earwax kungenza ukuzwa kube nzima.

Yiziphi izinketho zokwelashwa?

Kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho uma unezinkinga zokuzwa eziphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke. Udokotela wakho angenza izivivinyo ezilula ukuhlola izindlebe zakho nokuzwa kwakho. Uma besola ukulahleka kokuzwa, bangakudlulisela kuchwepheshe ukuze aqhubeke nokuhlolwa.

Abantu okunzima ukuzwa bangakhetha phakathi kwezindlela zokwelashwa ezahlukahlukene ezahlukahlukene. Ezinye izinketho zifaka:

• Izinsiza-kuzwa: Izinsizakuzwa yizinto ezincane ezihlala endlebeni futhi eza ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene futhi zilingana. Zisiza ukukhulisa imisindo endaweni yakho ukuze uzwe kalula ukuthi kwenzekani eduze kwakho.
• Amanye amadivayisi okusiza: Izibonelo zamadivayisi okusiza zifaka phakathi amazwibela kumavidiyo nakuzinhlelo ze-FM, ezisebenzisa imakrofoni yesipikha kanye nesamukeli somlaleli.
• Ukufakwa kwe-Cochlear: Ukufakwa kwe-cochlear kungasiza uma ulahlekelwe kakhulu ukuzwa. Iguqula imisindo ibe amasiginali kagesi. Lezi zibonakaliso ziya ezinzwa zakho ze-acoustic, futhi ubuchopho buhumusha njengemisindo.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Izimo ezithinta ukwakheka kwendlebe yakho, njenge-eardrum namathambo endlebe ephakathi, kungadala ukulahleka kokuzwa. Kulezi zinhlobo zamacala, odokotela bangancoma ukuhlinzwa.
• Ukususwa kwe-Earwax: Ukwakhiwa kwe-earwax kungadala ukulahleka kokuzwa kwesikhashana. Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa ithuluzi elincane noma idivayisi yokudonsa ukususa i-earwax eqoqwe endlebeni yakho.

Ingabe zikhona izindlela zokuvimbela ukulahleka kokuzwa?

Kunezinyathelo ezimbalwa ongazithatha ukuvikela ukuzwa kwakho. Isibonelo, unga:

• Yehlisa ivolumu: Gwema ukulalela i-TV yakho noma ama-headphone ngezwi elikhulu.
• Thatha amakhefu: Uma uvezwa emisindweni ephezulu, ukuthatha ikhefu lokuthula njalo kungasiza ukuvikela ukuzwa kwakho.
• Sebenzisa ukuvikelwa komsindo: Uma uzoba sendaweni enomsindo, vikela ukuzwa kwakho ngokusebenzisa ama-earplugs noma ama-earphone akhansela umsindo.
• Hlanza ngokucophelela: Gwema ukusebenzisa ukotini ukuhlanza izindlebe zakho, ngoba zingacindezela i-earwax zingene kakhulu endlebeni yakho futhi zikhuphule nobungozi bendlebe egqobekile.
• Goma: Ukugoma kungavikela ezifweni ezingadala ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa.
• Hlola: Uma uzizwa sengathi usengozini yokulahlekelwa ukuzwa, thola izivivinyo zokuzwa njalo. Ngaleyo ndlela, uzokwazi ukuthola noma yiziphi izinguquko ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Izinsizakusebenza zokuzwa ukulahleka

Uma ulahlekelwa ukuzwa, kunezinsiza ezahlukahlukene ongazithola zilusizo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi okulandelayo:

• Amathiphu wokuxhumana nomuntu okunzima ukuzwa

  Uma unomuntu omthandayo ongezwa kahle, ungaxhumana ngezindlela ezenza kube lula ngabo ukukuqonda. Nawa amanye amathiphu okufanele uwagcine engqondweni:

  • Zama ukukhuluma endaweni engenamsindo omningi ngemuva. Uma useqenjini, qiniseka ukuthi munye kuphela umuntu okhulumayo ngasikhathi sinye.
  • Khuluma ngejubane lemvelo, elingaguquguquki futhi uphakamise kancane kancane kunokujwayelekile. Gwema ukumemeza.
  • Sebenzisa ukushukuma kwesandla nokubukeka kobuso ukuze unikeze izinkomba zokuthi uthini.
  • Gwema imisebenzi engenza ukufunda izindebe kube nzima. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukudla ngenkathi ukhuluma nokumboza umlomo wakho ngesandla.
  • Hlala unesineke futhi unethemba. Ungesabi ukuphinda okuthile noma ukuzama amagama ahlukile uma bengakuqondi okushilo.

  Okubalulekile

  Umehluko phakathi kokuzwa kanzima nokuba yisithulu usezingeni lokulahlekelwa ukuzwa.

  Ngokuvamile abantu basebenzisa ubunzima bokuzwa ukuchaza ukulahleka kokuzwa okuncane kuya kokubi. Okwamanje, ukungezwa kubhekisa ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kokuzwa. Abantu abayizithulu banokuzwa okuncane kakhulu, uma kukhona, ukuzwa.

  Kunezimbangela eziningi zokulahleka kokuzwa, kufaka phakathi ukuguga, ukuchayeka emisindweni enkulu, kanye nokutheleleka. Ezinye izinhlobo zokulahlekelwa kokuzwa zivinjelwe, kanti ezinye zingaba khona lapho kuzalwa noma zikhule ngokwemvelo ngeminyaka.

  Uma ulahlekelwe ukuzwa okuthikameza impilo yakho yansuku zonke, bheka udokotela wakho. Bangakwazi ukuhlola isimo sakho futhi bangakudlulisela kuchwepheshe ukuze aqhubeke nokuhlolwa nokwelashwa.