Isifo senhliziyo

-Delile

• Izimbangela
• Izimpawu
• Izici zobungozi
• Ukuxilongwa
• Ukuhlolwa nokwelashwa
• Odokotela abelapha isifo senhliziyo
• Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha
• Izinkinga
• Ukuvimbela

Ukubuka konke

Ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ukunikezwa kwegazi okuvamise ukondla inhliziyo ngeoksijini kuyanqunywa bese imisipha yenhliziyo iqala ukufa. Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo - okubizwa nangokuthi i-myocardial infarctions - kuvame kakhulu e-United States. Eqinisweni, kulinganiselwa ukuthi eyodwa yenzeka njalo.

Abanye abantu abahlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo banezimpawu zokuxwayisa, kanti abanye abakhombisi zimpawu. Ezinye izimpawu abantu abaningi abazibikayo yilezi:

• ubuhlungu besifuba
• izinhlungu zomzimba ezingenhla
• ukujuluka
• isicanucanu
• ukukhathala
• inkinga yokuphefumula

Isifo senhliziyo yisimo esiphuthumayo esibucayi kwezokwelapha. Funa usizo lwezokwelashwa olusheshayo uma wena noma umuntu omaziyo enezimpawu ezingakhombisa ukumelwa yinhliziyo.

Izimbangela

Kunezimo ezimbalwa zenhliziyo ezingadala ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Enye yezimbangela ezivame kakhulu i-plaque buildup emithanjeni (i-atherosclerosis) evimbela igazi ukuthi lifinyelele emisipheni yenhliziyo.

Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo nakho kungabangelwa amahlule egazi noma umthambo wegazi odwenguliwe. Ngaphansi kokujwayelekile, isifo senhliziyo sibangelwa ukuqhuma komthambo wegazi.

Izimpawu

Izimpawu zesifo senhliziyo zingafaka:

• ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukungaphatheki kahle
• isicanucanu
• ukujuluka
• ikhanda elikhanyayo noma isiyezi
• ukukhathala

Kunezinye izimpawu eziningi ezingenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, futhi izimpawu zingahluka phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane.

Izici zobungozi

Ziningi izinto ezingakubeka engcupheni yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo. Ezinye izinto ongeke uzishintshe, ezifana nobudala nomlando womndeni. Ezinye izinto, ezibizwa ngokuthi yizinto ezinobungozi ezingaguquguquki, nguwe can shintsha.

Izici zobungozi ongeke uzishintshe zifaka:

• Ubudala. Uma ungaphezu kweminyaka yobudala engama-65, ingozi yakho yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo inkulu kakhulu.
• Ucansi. Abesilisa basengozini enkulu kunabesifazane.
• Umlando womndeni. Uma unomlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, noma isifo sikashukela, usengozini enkulu.
• Ubuhlanga. Abantu bomdabu wase-Afrika basengozini enkulu.

Izici ezinobungozi ezingaguquguquka ongazishintsha zifaka:

• ukubhema
• cholesterol ephezulu
• ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• ukungazivocavoci umzimba
• ukudla nokuphuza utshwala
• ukucindezeleka

Ukuxilongwa

Ukuxilongwa kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwenziwa udokotela ngemuva kokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba nokubuyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha. Udokotela wakho kungenzeka aqhube i-electrocardiogram (ECG) ukuqapha umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho.

Kufanele futhi bathathe isampula yegazi lakho noma benze okunye ukuhlolwa ukuze babone ukuthi abukho yini ubufakazi bokulimala kwemisipha yenhliziyo.

Ukuhlolwa nokwelashwa

Uma udokotela wakho ethola ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, bazosebenzisa izivivinyo nezindlela zokwelashwa ezahlukahlukene, kuya ngesizathu.

Udokotela wakho angalawula i-catheterization yenhliziyo. Lesi yisibonelo esifakwa emithanjeni yegazi lakho ngepayipi elithambile eliguquguqukayo elibizwa ngokuthi i-catheter. Ivumela udokotela wakho ukuthi abuke izindawo okungenzeka ukuthi i-plaque yakhiwe khona. Udokotela wakho angafaka futhi udayi emithanjeni yakho nge-catheter bese ethatha i-X-ray ukubona ukuthi igazi ligeleza kanjani, futhi abuke noma yikuphi ukuvinjelwa.

Uma uke wahlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, udokotela wakho angancoma inqubo (yokuhlinzwa noma yokuhlinzwa). Izinqubo zingabudambisa ubuhlungu futhi zisize ukuvimbela okunye ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ukuthi kungenzeki.

Izinqubo ezijwayelekile zifaka:

• I-Angioplasty. I-angioplasty ivula umthambo ovinjiwe ngokusebenzisa ibhaluni noma ngokususa uqwembe olwakhiwe.
• Stent. I-stent iyishubhu elenza ngocingo elifakwe emthanjeni ukuze lihlale livulekile ngemuva kwe-angioplasty.
• Ukuhlinzwa kokudlula kwenhliziyo. Ekuhlinzeni okudlula, udokotela wakho ubuyisela igazi elizungeze ukuvinjelwa.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-valve yenhliziyo. Ekuhlinzweni kwe-valve esikhundleni, ama-valve akho avuzayo afakwa esikhundleni sokusiza ipompo yenhliziyo.
• I-Pacemaker. I-pacemaker yinto efakwe ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Yenzelwe ukusiza inhliziyo yakho ukuthi igcine isigqi esijwayelekile.
• Ukufakelwa kwenhliziyo. Ukufakelwa kwenziwa ezimeni ezinzima lapho isifo senhliziyo sidale ukufa kwezicubu unomphela enhliziyweni enkulu.

Udokotela wakho angakunikeza nemithi yokwelapha isifo senhliziyo, kufaka phakathi:

• i-aspirin
• izidakamizwa zokuqeda amahlule
• ama-antiplatelet nama-anticoagulants, awaziwa nangokuthi izinciphisi zegazi
• amaphilisi ezinhlungu
• i-nitroglycerin
• imithi yengcindezi yegazi

Odokotela abelapha isifo senhliziyo

Njengoba ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kungalindelekile, udokotela wasekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo uvamise ukuba ngowokuqala ukuzelapha. Ngemuva kokuba umuntu esezinzile, udluliselwa kudokotela ogxile enhliziyweni, obizwa nge-cardiologist.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila zingathuthukisa impilo yenhliziyo yakho futhi zinciphise nengozi yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo. Ukudla okunempilo nendlela yokuphila kubalulekile ekugcineni inhliziyo enempilo.

Izinkinga

Izinkinga eziningana zihambisana nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Lapho kwenzeka ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, kungaphazamisa isigqi esivamile senhliziyo yakho, okungase kusivimbele ngokuphelele. Lezi zigqi ezingavamile zaziwa ngokuthi ama-arrhythmias.

Lapho inhliziyo yakho iyeka ukuthola ukunikezwa kwegazi ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ezinye izicubu zingafa. Lokhu kungenza inhliziyo ibe buthaka futhi kamuva kubangele izimo ezisongela impilo njengokuhluleka kwenhliziyo.

Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo nakho kungathinta ama-valve enhliziyo yakho futhi kudale ukuvuza. Isikhathi esithathayo ukuthola ukwelashwa nendawo yomonakalo kuzonquma imiphumela yesikhathi eside enhliziyweni yakho.

Ukuvimbela

Ngenkathi kunezici eziningi zobungozi ezingaphandle kwamandla akho, kusenezinyathelo ezithile eziyisisekelo ongazithatha ukugcina inhliziyo yakho iphilile. Ukubhema kuyimbangela enkulu yesifo senhliziyo. Ukuqala uhlelo lokuyeka ukubhema kunganciphisa ubungozi bakho. Ukugcina ukudla okunempilo, ukuzivocavoca umzimba nokunciphisa ukuphuza kwakho utshwala kungezinye izindlela ezibalulekile zokunciphisa ubungozi.

Uma unesifo sikashukela, qiniseka ukuthi uthatha imishanguzo yakho futhi uhlole amazinga eglucose egazini lakho njalo. Uma unesimo senhliziyo, sebenza eduze nodokotela wakho bese uphuza imithi yakho. Khuluma nodokotela wakho uma unanoma ikuphi ukukhathazeka ngengozi yakho yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo.