Konke nge-Hepatitis B

-Delile

• Ukudluliswa kwe-Hepatitis B
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Umuthi wokugomela i-Hepatitis B
• I-Hepatitis B inekhambi?
• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Indlela yokwelapha
• Amafomu okuvikela

I-Hepatitis B yisifo esithathelwanayo esibangelwa igciwane le-hepatitis B, noma i-HBV, elibangela ushintsho esibindini futhi lingaholela ekubonakaleni kwezimpawu nezimpawu ezinzima, ezifana nomkhuhlane, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza namehlo aphuzi nesikhumba. Uma lesi sifo singaziwa futhi singelashwa, singadlulela esigabeni esingelapheki, esingaqondakali noma esivezwe ukukhubazeka okukhulu kwesibindi, siqhubekele ekucineni kwesibindi ngokusebenza okushintshiwe.

I-Hepatitis B ithathwa njengesifo esithathelwana ngocansi (STI), ngoba leli gciwane lingatholakala egazini, isidoda kanye nezicubu zesitho sangasese sowesifazane, futhi lingadluliselwa kalula komunye umuntu ngesikhathi socansi olungaphephile (ngaphandle kwekhondomu). Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukugwema ukutheleleka ngokusebenzisa amakhondomu nokugoma. Funda ukuthi ungazivikela kanjani ku-Hepatitis B.

Ukwelashwa kwesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B kuyahlukahluka kuye ngesigaba sesifo, lapho kunconyelwa i-hepatitis ebucayi ukuphumula, ukufakelwa amanzi nokunakekelwa kokudla, kuyilapho ekwelapheni i-hepatitis okungapheli kuvamise ukwenziwa ngemithi ebekwe yi-hepatologist, i-infectologist noma i-clinic jikelele.

Ukudluliswa kwe-Hepatitis B

Igciwane le-hepatitis B lingatholakala ikakhulukazi egazini, isidoda, uketshezi lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye nobisi lwebele. Ngale ndlela, ukudlulisa kungenzeka nge:

• Ukuthintana ngqo negazi nezimfihlo zomuntu onegciwane;
• Ukuya ocansini olungaphephile, okungukuthi, ngaphandle kwekhondomu;
• Ukusetshenziswa kwento engcoliswe yigazi noma uketshezi olufana nemijovo esetshenziswa kakhulu uma kwenzeka ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezisetshenziswe ngqo emthanjeni, izinaliti nezinye izinsimbi ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-tattoo noma i-acupuncture, kanye nezinto ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza ukubhoboza;
• Ukwabelana ngezinto zenhlanzeko efana nezinsingo noma ukushefa kanye namathuluzi okuzicwala noma wokuhamba ngezinyawo;
• Ngesikhathi sokuzalwa okujwayelekile noma ukuncelisa, yize kungavamile.

Yize lingadluliselwa ngamathe, igciwane le-B ngokuvamile alidluliswanga ngokwanga noma ngokuhlanganyela ukusika noma izingilazi, ngoba kufanele kube nesilonda esivulekile emlonyeni.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-hepatitis B kwenziwa ngokuhlola igazi ukuthola ukuthi kukhona yini i-HBV ekusakazeni, kanye nobuningi bayo, futhi le mininingwane ibalulekile kudokotela ukukhombisa ukwelashwa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungakhonjiswa ukuhlola ukusebenza kwesibindi, kucelwe isilinganiso seGlutamic Oxalacetic Transaminase (TGO / AST - Aspartate aminotransferase), iGlutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (TGP / ALT - Alanine Aminotransferase), Gamma- glutamyltransferase (gamma -GT) kanye ne-bilirubin, ngokwesibonelo. Funda kabanzi mayelana nalezi nezinye izivivinyo ezihlola isibindi.

Ukubona ubukhona begciwane egazini, kuphenywa ubukhona noma ukungabikho kwama-antigen (Ag) kanye nama-antibodies (anti) egazini, kanti imiphumela engaba khona yilena:

• HBsAg okusebenzayo noma okuhle: ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-hepatitis B;
• HBeAg reagent: ukuphindaphindeka okuphezulu kwegciwane le-hepatitis B, okusho ukuthi ubungozi bokudluliswa kwegciwane bukhulu;
• Ama-anti-Hbs i-reagent: ukwelashwa noma ukuzivikela ekulweni negciwane uma umuntu egonyelwe i-hepatitis B;
• I-Anti-Hbc reagent: ukuvezwa kwangaphambilini kwegciwane le-hepatitis B

I-biopsy yesibindi ingasetshenziselwa ukusiza ukuxilongwa, ukuhlola ukukhubazeka kwesibindi, ukubikezela ukuqhubeka kwesifo kanye nesidingo sokwelashwa.

Umuthi wokugomela i-Hepatitis B

Umuthi wokugoma i-hepatitis B uyindlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokuvikela lesi sifo, ngakho-ke, kufanele uphuze ngokushesha emva kokubeletha, kuze kufike emahoreni ayi-12 okuqala emva kokubeletha, ngenyanga yesibili nangenyanga yesi-6 yempilo yengane, okwenza inani eliphelele libe ngu-3 imithamo.

Abantu abadala abangazange bagonywe njengezingane bangawuthola umuthi wokugoma, kubandakanya nabesifazane abakhulelwe abavela ku-trimester yesibili yokukhulelwa. Kubantu abadala, umuthi wokugoma i-hepatitis B uphinde uphathwe ngemithamo emi-3, owokuqala ungathathwa uma kunesidingo, owesibili ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-30 bese owesithathu ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-180 zomthamo wokuqala. Yazi ukuthi kukhonjiswa nini nokuthi uwuthola kanjani umuthi wokugoma i-hepatitis B.

Isivivinyo esikhombisa ukusebenza komuthi wokugomela i-hepatitis B yi-Anti-hbs evumayo lapho umuthi ukwazi ukwenza ukuvikelwa egciwaneni.

I-Hepatitis B inekhambi?

Isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B sinokulapha okuzenzekelayo, ezimweni eziningi, ngenxa yomzimba uqobo odala amasosha omzimba wokuqeda igciwane. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo B kungaba yinto engapheli futhi igciwane lihlala emzimbeni impilo yonke.

Ku-hepatitis B engapheli kunengozi enkulu yezifo ezibucayi zesibindi, njengesibindi sokuqina kwesibindi, ukwehluleka kwesibindi nomdlavuza wesibindi, okungadala ukulimala okungenakulungiseka esibindini, ngakho-ke kulezi zimo, iziguli kufanele zilandele ukwelashwa okukhonjiswe ngudokotela.

Kodwa-ke, ngokwelashwa umuntu angaba yisithwali esinempilo esingapheli, okusho ukuthi, angaba negciwane emzimbeni, kepha angabi nasifo esisebenzayo sesibindi, futhi kulokhu, akudingeki ukuthi aphuze imishanguzo ethile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli ezine-hepatitis B engapheli zingelashwa ngemuva kweminyaka eminingi yokwelashwa.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Isikhathi sokufukamela isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezingu-6, ngakho-ke izimpawu nezimpawu zesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B ezingavela ngemuva kwenyanga eyi-1 kuya kwezi-3 zokungcola. Izimpawu nezimpawu zokuqala ze-hepatitis B zifaka:

• Ukugula kokunyakaza;
• Ukuhlanza;
• Ukukhathala;
• Umkhuhlane ophansi;
• Ukuntula ukudla;
• Ubuhlungu besisu;
• Ubuhlungu emajoyini nasemisipheni.

Izimpawu ezifana nombala ophuzi esikhumbeni nasemehlweni, umchamo omnyama kanye nezitulo ezikhanyayo kusho ukuthi lesi sifo siyakhula futhi kukhona ukulimala esibindini. Ku-hepatitis B engapheli, iziguli eziningi azibonisi zimpawu, kepha igciwane lihlala emzimbeni futhi lingadluliselwa ngendlela efanayo.

Indlela yokwelapha

Ukwelashwa kwe-hepatitis B enamandla kubandakanya ukuphumula, ukudla, i-hydration futhi akukho ziphuzo ezidakayo. Uma kunesidingo, umuntu angaphuza imishanguzo yokuqeda izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, imisipha nekhanda, isicanucanu nokuhlanza.

Ukwelashwa kwesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B okungapheli, ngaphezu kokungaphuzi utshwala nokudla okunamafutha amancane, kufaka phakathi imishanguzo yokulwa namagciwane kanye ne-immunomodulatory efana ne-Interferon neLamivudine ukuvikela ukulimala kwesibindi okungenakulungiseka, okungadingeka ukuthi kuthathwe impilo yonke.

Kodwa-ke, lapho kuqinisekiswa ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuthi umuntu one-hepatitis B engapheli akanaso isifo sesibindi, akadingi ukuthatha eminye imithi, yingakho abantu abane-hepatitis B engapheli badinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi njalo. Thola imininingwane eminingi mayelana nokwelashwa kwesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B.

Buka le vidiyo elandelayo yokuthi ungadla kanjani uma kwenzeka i-hepatitis B ukugwema ezinye izinkinga esibindini:

Amafomu okuvikela

Ukuvinjelwa kwesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B kungenziwa ngemithamo emi-3 yokugoma nokusetshenziswa kwamakhondomu kubo bonke ubudlelwano bezocansi. Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhondomu kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba kukhona amagciwane e-hepatitis ahlukahlukene futhi isiguli esithole umuthi wokugoma i-hepatitis B singathola i-hepatitis C.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuthi ungabelani ngezinto zomuntu siqu, njengebhulashi lamazinyo, insingo noma insingo yokushefa, nezinsimbi zokuzicwala noma zokuhamba ngezinyawo, kanye nemijovo noma ezinye izinsimbi ezibukhali. Uma umuntu efuna ukuthola i-tattoo, ukubhoboza noma ukukhipha i-acupuncture, qiniseka ukuthi konke okokusebenza kuhlanzwe kahle.