I-HER2-Positive vs. HER2-Negative Cancer Yamabele: Kusho Ukuthini Ngami?

-Delile

• Yini i-HER2?
• Kusho ukuthini ukuthi i-HER2-positive?
• Kusho ukuthini ukuthi i-HER2-negative?
• Ukuhlola i-HER2
• Ukwelapha umdlavuza webele we-HER2-positive
• Umbono

Ukubuka konke

Uma wena noma othandekayo uthola ukuxilongwa komdlavuza webele, kungenzeka ukuthi uzwile igama elithi "HER2." Ungase uzibuze ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukuba nomdlavuza webele we-HER2-positive noma we-HER2.

Isimo sakho se-HER2, kanye nesimo sehomoni yomdlavuza wakho, sisiza ukunquma ukugula komdlavuza webele wakho othize. Isimo sakho se-HER2 singasiza futhi ekunqumeni ukuthi umdlavuza unolaka kangakanani. Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa lolu lwazi ukuhlola izinketho zakho zokwelashwa.

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kube nentuthuko enkulu ekwelapheni umdlavuza webele we-HER2-positive. Lokhu kuholele ekubeni nombono ongcono kubantu abanalesi sifo.

Yini i-HER2?

I-HER2 imele i-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Amaprotheni we-HER2 atholakala ebusweni bamaseli webele. Babandakanyeka ekukhuleni kweseli okujwayelekile kepha bangaba "okweqile." Lokhu kusho ukuthi amazinga wamaprotheni aphakeme kunokujwayelekile.

I-HER2 yatholwa ngawo-1980. Abaphenyi banqume ukuthi ukuba khona kwamaprotheni amaningi we-HER2 kungadala umdlavuza futhi usabalale ngokushesha okukhulu. Lokhu kutholakala kwaholela ocwaningweni lokuthi unganciphisa noma ushintshe kanjani ukukhula kwalezi zinhlobo zamangqamuzana omdlavuza.

Kusho ukuthini ukuthi i-HER2-positive?

Umdlavuza webele we-HER2 unamazinga aphezulu ngokungajwayelekile wamaprotheni e-HER2. Lokhu kungadala ukuthi amaseli ande ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukukhiqiza ngokweqile kungaholela kumdlavuza webele okhula ngokushesha okungenzeka ukuthi usabalale.

Cishe amaphesenti angama-25 amacala omdlavuza webele ane-HER2-positive.

Eminyakeni engama-20 edlule, sekwenziwe inqubekela phambili ebonakalayo ezindleleni zokwelashwa zomdlavuza webele one-HER2.

Kusho ukuthini ukuthi i-HER2-negative?

Uma amangqamuzana omdlavuza webele engenawo amazinga angajwayelekile amaprotheni we-HER2, umdlavuza webele ubhekwa njenge-HER2-negative. Uma umdlavuza wakho une-HER2-negative, ungahle ube yi-estrogen- noma i-progesterone-positive. Ukuthi kuthinta noma cha kuthinta izinketho zakho zokwelashwa.

Ukuhlola i-HER2

Ukuhlolwa okunganquma isimo se-HER2 kufaka:

• ukuhlolwa kwe-immunohistochemistry (IHC)
• ukuhlolwa kwe-in hybridization (ISH)

Kunezivivinyo ezahlukahlukene ze-IHC ne-ISH ezivunyelwe yi-Food and Drug Administration. Kubalulekile ukuhlola ukuvezwa ngokweqile kwe-HER2 ngoba imiphumela izonquma ukuthi uzozuza yini emithini ethile.

Ukwelapha umdlavuza webele we-HER2-positive

Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30, abacwaningi befunda umdlavuza webele we-HER2 nezindlela zokuwelapha. Izidakamizwa ezihlosiwe manje sezishintshe umbono wesigaba somdlavuza webele wesigaba soku-1 ukuya kwesesi-3 kusuka kokungalungile kuya kokuhle.

Umuthi ohlosiwe i-trastuzumab (Herceptin), uma usetshenziswa ngokuhambisana ne-chemotherapy, uthuthukise umbono walabo abanomdlavuza webele we-HER2-positive.

Owokuqala ukhombisile ukuthi le nhlanganisela yokwelashwa yehlisa ukukhula komdlavuza webele we-HER2 kangcono kune-chemotherapy kuphela. Kwabanye, ukusetshenziswa kwe-Herceptin nge-chemotherapy kuholele ekuxolelweni okuhlala isikhathi eside.

Ucwaningo lwamuva nje luqhubekile nokukhombisa ukuthi ukwelashwa nge-Herceptin ngaphezu kwe-chemotherapy kuthuthukise umbono jikelele walabo abanomdlavuza webele we-HER2. Imvamisa ukwelashwa okuyisisekelo komdlavuza webele we-HER2.

Kwezinye izimo, i-pertuzumab (Perjeta) ingangezwa ngokuhlangana ne-Herceptin. Lokhu kunganconywa ngomdlavuza webele we-HER2 osengozini enkulu yokuphindeka, njengesigaba sesi-2 nangaphezulu, noma umdlavuza osabalale kuma-lymph node.

INeratinib (Nerlynx) ngesinye isidakamizwa esingahle sinconywe ngemuva kokwelashwa ngeHerceptin ezimweni ezisengozini enkulu yokuphindeka.

Ngomdlavuza webele we-HER2-positive nawo i-estrogen- ne-progesterone-positive, ukwelashwa nge-hormonal therapy nakho kunganconywa. Ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa eziqondiswe ku-HER2 ziyatholakala kulabo abanomdlavuza webele osethuthuke kakhulu noma we-metastatic.

Umbono

Uma uthole ukuxilongwa komdlavuza webele ongahlaseli, udokotela wakho uzohlolela isimo somdlavuza wakho se-HER2. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa izonquma izindlela ezingcono zokwelapha umdlavuza wakho.

Intuthuko emisha ekwelapheni umdlavuza webele we-HER2 ithuthukise umbono wabantu abakulesi simo. Ucwaningo luyaqhubeka lokwelashwa okusha, futhi nemibono yabantu abanomdlavuza webele iya ngokuthuthuka njalo.

Uma uthola ukuthi unomdlavuza webele we-HER-positive, funda konke ongakwenza futhi ukhulume ngokukhululekile ngemibuzo yakho nodokotela wakho.