Kuyini i-hyperthyroidism, izimbangela nokuthi ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

-Delile

• Izimbangela ze-hyperthyroidism
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• I-subclinical hyperthyroidism
• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Hyperthyroidism ekukhulelweni
• Ukwelashwa kwe-hyperthyroidism

I-Hyperthyroidism yisimo esivezwa ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwamahomoni yi-thyroid, okuholela ekwakhekeni kwezinye izimpawu nezimpawu, njengokukhathazeka, ukuthuthumela ngesandla, ukujuluka okweqile, ukuvuvukala kwemilenze nezinyawo kanye noshintsho kumjikelezo wokuya esikhathini uma kwenzeka yabesifazane.

Lesi simo sivame kakhulu kwabesifazane abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 nengama-40 ubudala, yize singenzeka futhi nakwabesilisa, futhi sijwayele ukuhlotshaniswa nesifo i-Graves's, okuyisifo esizimele lapho umzimba uqobo uveza amasosha omzimba alwa negilo. Ngaphezu kwesifo se-Graves, i-hyperthyroidism ingase futhi ibe ngumphumela wokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwe-iodine, ukweqisa ama-hormone e-thyroid noma kungenxa yokuba khona kwe-nodule ku-thyroid.

Kubalulekile ukuthi i-hyperthyroidism ikhonjwe futhi yelashwe ngokuya ngesincomo se-endocrinologist ukuze sikwazi ukukhulula izimpawu nezimpawu ezihlobene nalesi sifo.

Izimbangela ze-hyperthyroidism

I-Hyperthyroidism yenzeka ngenxa yokwanda kokukhiqizwa kwamahomoni yi-thyroid, okwenzeka ikakhulukazi ngenxa yesifo se-Graves, okuyisifo esizimele lapho amaseli omzimba uqobo enza ngokumelene ne-thyroid, okunomphumela wokwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone amaningi. Funda kabanzi ngesifo se-Graves.

Ngaphezu kwesifo se-Graves, ezinye izimo ezingadala i-hyperthyroidism yilezi:

• Ukuba khona kwamaqhuqhuva noma ama-cysts ku-thyroid;
• I-Thyroiditis, ehambelana nokuvuvukala kwendlala yegilo, engenzeka esikhathini sokubeletha noma ngenxa yokutheleleka ngegciwane;
• Ukweqisa izidakamizwa kwamahomoni wegilo;
• Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwe-iodine, okubalulekile ekwakhiweni kwamahomoni wegilo.

Kubalulekile ukuthi imbangela ye-hyperthyroidism ikhonjwe, ngoba ngale ndlela i-endocrinologist ingakhombisa ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-hyperthyroidism kungenzeka ngokulinganisa kwamahomoni ahlobene ne-thyroid egazini, futhi kuhlolwe amazinga we-T3, T4 ne-TSH. Lezi zivivinyo kufanele zenziwe, njalo eminyakeni emihlanu kusukela eminyakeni engama-35, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane, kepha abantu abasengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo kufanele benze lokhu kuhlola njalo eminyakeni emibili.

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela futhi angancoma ukwenza ezinye izivivinyo ezihlola ukusebenza kwe-thyroid, njengokuhlolwa kwe-antibody, i-thyroid ultrasound, ukuzihlola, futhi kwezinye izimo, i-biopsy yegilo. Yazi izivivinyo ezihlola indlala yegilo.

I-subclinical hyperthyroidism

I-subclinical hyperthyroidism ibonakala ngokungabi bikho kwezimpawu nezimpawu ezibonisa ushintsho ku-thyroid, kepha ekuhlolweni kwegazi kungabonakala ukuthi i-TSH ephansi ne-T3 ne-T4 zinamanani ajwayelekile.

Kulokhu, umuntu kufanele enze izivivinyo ezintsha zingakapheli izinyanga ezi-2 kuye kwezi-6 ukubheka isidingo sokuphuza imishanguzo, ngoba imvamisa akudingeki ukwelashwa, okubekelwe kuphela uma kunezimpawu.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Ngenxa yenani elikhulu lamahomoni wegilo ajikeleza egazini, kungenzeka ukuthi ezinye izimpawu nezimpawu ezinjengezi:

• Ukunyuka kwenhliziyo;
• Ukwanda komfutho wegazi;
• Izinguquko kumjikelezo wokuya esikhathini;
• Ukuqwasha;
• Ukwehla kwesisindo;
• Ukuthuthumela kwezandla;
• Umjuluko owedlulele;
• Ukuvuvukala emilenzeni nasezinyaweni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunengozi eyengeziwe yokwanda kwamathambo ngenxa yokulahleka okusheshayo kwe-calcium ngamathambo. Bheka ezinye izimpawu ze-hyperthyroidism.

Hyperthyroidism ekukhulelweni

Ukwanda kwamahomoni wegilo ekukhulelweni kungadala izinkinga ezifana ne-eclampsia, ukukhulelwa kwesisu, ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, isisindo sokuzalwa esiphansi ngaphezu kokuhluleka kwenhliziyo kwabesifazane.

Abesifazane ababenamanani ajwayelekile ngaphambi kokukhulelwa futhi abatholakala ukuthi bane-hyperthyroidism kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni kwe-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa, imvamisa abadingi ukwelashwa nganoma yiluphi uhlobo ngoba ukwanda okuncane kwe-T3 ne-T4 ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuyinto evamile. Kodwa-ke, udokotela angancoma imishanguzo ukuthi ijwayeze i-T4 egazini, ngaphandle kokulimaza ingane.

Umthamo womuthi uyehluka kusuka komunye umuntu uye komunye umthamo wokuqala okhonjiswe ngudokotela obelethayo akuwona njalo osalayo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, ngoba kungadingeka ukulungisa umthamo ngemuva kwamasonto ayisithupha kuya kwayisi-8 ngemuva kokuqala umuthi. Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-hyperthyroidism ekukhulelweni.

Ukwelashwa kwe-hyperthyroidism

Ukwelashwa kwe-hyperthyroidism kufanele kwenziwe ngokuya ngokuqondiswa kwe-endocrinologist, ocabangela izimpawu nezimpawu ezivezwa ngumuntu, imbangela ye-hyperthyroidism namazinga ama-hormone egazini. Ngale ndlela, udokotela angakhombisa ukusetshenziswa kwemithi efana nePropiltiouracil neMetimazole, ukusetshenziswa kwe-iodine enemisebe noma ukukhishwa kwe-thyroid ngokuhlinzwa.

Ukususwa kwendlala yegilo kukhonjiswa njengezindlela zokugcina kuphela, lapho izimpawu zinganyamalali futhi kungenakwenzeka ukulawula indlala yegilo ngokushintsha umthamo wemithi. Qonda ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-hyperthyroidism kwenziwa kanjani.

Bheka amathiphu kuvidiyo elandelayo engasiza ekwelapheni i-hyperthyroidism: