Ukuguquka Kuthinta Kanjani Ukusebenza Kwezemidlalo Komdlali WaseTransgender?

-Delile

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NgoJuni, uCaitlyn Jenner owayedle izindondo zegolide kuma-Olimpiki owaziwa njengoBruce Jenner-waphuma njenge-transgender. Kwakuyisikhathi sokuchithwa kwamanzi onyakeni lapho izingqinamba ze-transgender bezilokhu ziba sematheni. Manje, uJenner uthathwa njengomunye wabantu abadume ngokuvulekele ukweqisa umthetho emhlabeni. Kepha ngaphambi kokuba abe yisithonjana se-transgender, ngaphambi kokuthi akhanyise Ukuhambisana namaKardashians, wayengumsubathi. Futhi ukushintsha kwakhe emphakathini kumenza abe ngumdlali we-transgender odume kakhulu emhlabeni. (Eqinisweni, inkulumo yakhe esuka enhliziyweni ibingenye yezinto eziyishumi ezimangalisayo ezenzeke kuma-ESPY Awards.)

Nakuba uJenner ashintsha isikhathi eside ngemva komsebenzi wakhe wokusubatha, ukwamukelwa (kancane kancane) kwalabo abahlonza njengama-transgender kusho ukuthi kunenqwaba yabantu ngaphandle lapho kukhona ukushintsha ngenkathi uncintisana kwezemidlalo ethile. Izihloko zezindaba ezintsha ziyaqhamuka njalo ngesonto - kukhona ummeli waseNingizimu Dakota ophakamise ukuhlolwa kwezitho zangasese zabasubathi; isinyathelo saseCalifornia sokuvimbela abantu abadlulayo ukuthi basebenzise amakamelo abo okhiye abakhethwe kuwo; isinqumo sase-Ohio sokuthi abasubathi besifazane abadlule esikoleni esiphakeme kufanele bahlolwe ukuze kubonakale ukuthi bayabonisa yini inzuzo engokomzimba ngokwesakhiwo samathambo nesisindo somzimba. Ngisho nakulezo ezizwela kakhulu futhi ezisekela izimbangela ze-LGBT, kunzima ukuthola ukuthi ikhona yini indlela "elungile" yokuvumela umuntu ukuthi adlalele iqembu eliwubulili obuhlukile kulokho abelwe khona ekuzalweni-ikakhulukazi esimweni sabesifazane abashintshashintshayo. , abahlonza njengabesifazane kodwa okungenzeka babe (futhi bagcine) amandla, ukushesha, isisindo somzimba, nokukhuthazela kowesilisa.

Vele, ulwazi lokuba ngumsubathi we-trans luyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunokumane uguqule izinwele zakho bese ubuka izindebe zingena. Isayensi yangempela yokwelashwa kwehomoni noma ukuhlinzwa kokunikezwa kabusha kobulili ayinikezi impendulo elula, noma ngabe kunjalo Isinyathelo sishintsha ikhono lezemidlalo ngendlela abanye abangacabanga ngayo.

Uguquka Kanjani Umzimba Womuntu

USavannah Burton, 40, ungowesifazane oshintshashintshayo odlala i-dodgeball ekhokhelwayo. Ungenele umqhudelwano womhlaba kuleli hlobo neqembu labesifazane-kodwa wadlalela iqembu labesilisa ngaphambi kokuthi aqale uguquko lwakhe.

"Ngidlale ezemidlalo isikhathi esiningi sokuphila kwami. Ngiseyingane, ngazama konke: i-hockey, i-downhill skiing, kodwa i-baseball yiyona engangigxile kuyo kakhulu," usho kanje. "I-baseball bekunguthando lwami lokuqala." Udlale cishe iminyaka engamashumi amabili-nakuba engowesilisa. Kwabe sekufika ukugijima, ukuhamba ngebhayisikili, kanye ne-dodgeball ngo-2007, umdlalo omusha ngaphandle kwejimu yesikole. Wayeneminyaka eminingana emsebenzini wakhe we-dodgeball lapho enquma ukuthatha izinyathelo zezokwelapha ukuze aguquke phakathi neminyaka engamashumi amathathu.

"Ngangisadlala i-dodgeball ngenkathi ngiqala ukuthatha izivimbela ze-testosterone ne-estrogen," kukhumbula uBurton. Wezwa izinguquko ezicashile phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala. "Ngangibona impela ukuthi ukuphosa kwami ​​kwakungelula njengoba kwakunjalo. Ngangingeke ngidlale ngendlela efanayo. Ngangingeke ngincintisane kuleli zinga ebenginalo."

Uchaza uguquko lomzimba obelujabulisa njengomuntu oshintshe ubulili futhi obesabekayo njengomsubathi. "Imishini yami yokudlala ayizange ishintshe," usho ngobugagu nokuxhumeka kwakhe. "Kodwa amandla emisipha yami anciphe kakhulu. Angikwazi ukuphonsa kanzima." Umehluko wawumangalisa ikakhulukazi kudodgeball, lapho inhloso ukuphonsa kanzima futhi ngokushesha ezinhlosweni zakho zabantu. Lapho uBurton edlala nabesilisa, amabhola ayedonsa kanzima ezifubeni zabantu aze enze umsindo omkhulu. "Manje, abantu abaningi babamba lawo mabhola," esho. "Ngakho-ke kukhungathekisa ngaleyo ndlela." Phonsa okwentombazane ngempela.

Okuhlangenwe nakho kukaBurton kufana nokushintshwa kwabesilisa nabesifazane (MTF), kusho uRobert S. Beil, MD, weMontefiore Medical Group. "Ukulahlekelwa yi-testosterone kusho ukulahlekelwa amandla nokuba nekhono kwezemidlalo," kuchaza yena. "Asazi ukuthi i-testosterone inomthelela oqondile emandleni emisipha, kodwa ngaphandle kwe-testosterone, zigcinwa ngejubane eliphansi." Lokhu kusho ukuthi abesifazane ngokujwayelekile badinga ukusebenza kanzima isikhathi eside ukugcina imisipha, kanti amadoda abona imiphumela ngokushesha okukhulu.

UBeil unezela ngokuthi abesilisa banezinga eliphakeme lokubalwa kwegazi, futhi ukushintsha "kungadala ukuthi izibalo zegazi elibomvu zehle, ngoba inani lamaseli abomvu nokukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu kuthonywe yi-testosterone." Amangqamuzana akho abomvu egazi abalulekile ekuthwaleni umoya-mpilo usuka emaphashini uwuyise ezicutshini zakho; abantu abampontshelwa igazi bavame ukuzwa amandla namandla, kuyilapho abantu abane-anemia bezizwa bebuthakathaka. Lokhu kungachaza ukuthi kungani uBurton futhi abike ukwehla komdlandla nokukhuthazela, ikakhulukazi lapho kugijinywa ekuseni.

Amafutha aphinde asabalalise futhi, anikeze amabele ama-trans women kanye nokuma kancane, okugobile. U-Alexandria Gutierrez, 28, ungowesifazane oshintshashintshayo owasungula inkampani yokuziqeqesha, i-TRANSnFIT, egxile ekuqeqesheni umphakathi we-transgender. Uchithe iminyaka engamashumi amabili esebenza kanzima ukunciphisa umzimba ngemuva kokushaya inani eliphakeme lamakhilogremu angama-220, kepha wabona wonke lowo mzamo uthamba ngokoqobo phambi kwamehlo akhe lapho eqala ukuthatha i-estrogen eminyakeni emibili eyedlule. "Nakanjani kwakusabisa," uyakhumbula. "Eminyakeni embalwa edlule ngangisebenzisa izisindo ezingamakhilogremu angu-35 kuma-reps. Namuhla, ngilwela ukuphakamisa i-dumbbell engu-20-pound." Kuthathe unyaka womsebenzi ukubuyela ezinombolweni ayezikhiphile ngaphambi kokushintshwa kwakhe.

Kuyinto yokuzivocavoca abesifazane abasabayo ukuyiphakamisa ngoba abafuni ukuqhuma kwemisipha, kepha uGutierrez uqinisekisa izintokazi ukuthi kunzima ukufika lapho. Uthi: “Ngingaphakamisa izinsimbi ezisindayo, futhi izicubu zami ngeke zishintshe. "Eqinisweni, ngazama ngenkuthalo ukukhulisa, njengokuhlola, futhi akuzange kusebenze."

Ukushintshwa okuphambene kowesifazane kuya kowesilisa (i-FTM) kuthola ukugxila kwezemidlalo okuncane, kepha kubalulekile ukuthi wazi, yebo, amadoda adluliswayo yenza imizwa eyejwayelekile, yize isheshe ngoba i-testosterone inamandla amakhulu. "Kungathatha iminyaka ukukhula komzimba owufunayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, kodwa i-testosterone yenza kwenzeke ngokushesha okukhulu," kuchaza uBeil. "Ishintsha amandla akho nejubane namandla okuphendula ukuzivocavoca umzimba." I-Yep, kuhle kakhulu ukuba owesilisa lapho uhlose ama-biceps amahle nama-abs wamaphakethe ayisithupha.

Yini Enkulu?

Ukuthi owesilisa kuya kowesifazane noma okuphambene nalokho, ukwakheka kwethambo lomuntu oshintshile cishe ngeke kushintshe ngendlela ephawulekayo. Uma uzalwe ungowesifazane, usenethuba lokuba mfushane, ube mncane, futhi ube namathambo aminyene kancane ngemva kokuguquka; uma uzalwa ungowesilisa, kungenzeka ukuthi ube mude, ube mkhulu, futhi ube namathambo aqinile. Futhi kulapho kukhona impikiswano.

"Umuntu we-FTM trans uzogcina encishwe amathuba ngoba unohlaka oluncane," kusho uBeil. "Kodwa abantu be-MTF trans bavame ukuba bakhulu, futhi bangase babe namandla athile ngaphambi kokuba baqale ukusebenzisa i-estrogen."

Yilezi zinzuzo ezithile eziphakamisa imibuzo enzima ezinhlanganweni zezemidlalo emhlabeni jikelele. "Ngicabanga ukuthi ezikoleni zamabanga aphezulu noma izinhlangano zabasubathi bendawo, umehluko omncane ngokwanele ukuthi abantu kumele bangawunaki," usho njalo. "Unzima umbuzo uma ukhuluma ngabasubathi abasezingeni eliphezulu."

Kepha abanye abasubathi ngokwabo baphikisa ngokuthi ayikho inzuzo ngempela. "Intombazane eguquguqukayo ayinamandla kunamanye amantombazane," kusho uGutierrez. "Indaba yezemfundo. Lokhu ngamasiko ngokuphelele." I-Trans * Athlete, insiza eku-inthanethi, igcina umkhondo wezinqubomgomo zamanje ezibhekiswe kubasubathi abadlulayo emazingeni ehlukene ezweni lonke. IKomidi Lamazwe Ngamazwe Lama-Olympic, okokuqala, limemezele ukuthi abasubathi abashintsha ubulili bangase baqhudelane neqembu lobulili abazihlonza ngalo, inqobo nje uma sebeqede ukuhlinza izitho zangasese zangaphandle futhi bashintshe ubulili babo ngokusemthethweni.

"Isayensi ngemuva [kokuguqula] ukuthi ayikho inzuzo kubasubathi. Leyo enye yezinkinga ezinkulu enginazo ngeziqondiso ze-IOC," kugcizelela uBurton. Yebo, abasubathi abadlulisa ubuchwepheshe bavunyelwe ukuncintisana kuma-Olimpiki. Kodwa ngokudinga ukuhlinzwa kwesitho sangasese sokuqala, i-IOC yenze esayo isimemezelo sokuthi kusho ukuthini ukuba umuntu oshintshe ubulili; akunaki ukuthi abanye abantu abahlinzekisiwe abakaze bahlinzwe izitho zangasese-ngoba abakwazi ukukukhokhela, abakwazi ukululama kukho, noma abafuni nje. “Abantu abaningi banomuzwa wokuthi lokho kuwukucasuka kakhulu,” kusho uBurton.

Yize bobabili abesifazane belahlekelwe ikhono labo lokusubatha, bathi okuhle kwenguquko kukudlula kude okubi.

"Ngangizimisele ukuyeka konke ukuze ngishintshe, ngisho nokungibulala," kusho uBurton. "Kwakuwukuphela kwento engangiyikhetha. Ngangizizwa sengathi, kungaba kuhle uma ngingadlala imidlalo ngemuva kwalokhu, kodwa kwakuyibhonasi. Iqiniso lokuthi ngiyakwazi ukudlala ngemuva kwenguquko liyamangalisa nje."

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