I-Hyperlexia: Izimpawu, Ukuxilongwa, kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Incazelo
• Izimpawu ze-hyperlexia
• I-Hyperlexia ne-autism
• I-Hyperlexia kuqhathaniswa ne-dyslexia
• Ukuxilongwa
• Ukwelashwa
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

Uma udidekile ngokuthi yini i-hyperlexia nokuthi isho ukuthini enganeni yakho, awuwedwa! Lapho ingane ifunda kahle ngokukhethekile ngeminyaka yayo, kufanelekile ukufunda ngale nkinga yokufunda engavamile.

Kwesinye isikhathi kungaba nzima ukutshela umehluko phakathi kwengane enesiphiwo nalowo one-hyperlexia futhi osezingeni le-autism. Ingane enesiphiwo ingahle idinge nje amakhono ayo akhuliswe kakhulu, ngenkathi ingane esemkhakheni ingadinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ukuze iyisize ikhulume kangcono.

Noma kunjalo, i-hyperlexia iyodwa ayisebenzi njengokuxilongwa kwe-autism. Kungenzeka ukuba ne-hyperlexia ngaphandle kwe-autism. Yonke ingane ifakwe izintambo ngokuhlukile, futhi ngokunaka kakhulu ukuthi ingane yakho ixhumana kanjani, uzokwazi ukuyitholela ukuxhaswa ekudingayo ukuze ikhulise amandla ayo.

Incazelo

I-Hyperlexia yilapho ingane ingafunda khona emazingeni angaphezu kwaleyo elindelwe iminyaka yayo. “Ihyper” isho okungcono kune, kanti i- “lexia” isho ukufunda noma ulimi. Ingane ene-hyperlexia ingahle ithole ukuthi isinquma kanjani noma izwakala kanjani amagama ngokushesha okukhulu, kepha ingaqondi noma iqonde okuningi kokufundayo.

Ngokungafani nengane enesiphiwo sokufunda, ingane ene-hyperlexia izoba namakhono okuxhumana noma okukhuluma angaphansi kweminyaka yobudala bayo. Ezinye izingane zine-hyperlexia ngaphezulu kolimi olulodwa kepha zinamakhono wokuxhumana angaphansi kwesilinganiso.

Izimpawu ze-hyperlexia

Kunezici ezine eziyinhloko izingane eziningi ezine-hyperlexia ezizoba nazo. Uma ingane yakho ingenazo lezi, kungenzeka zingabi yi-hyperlexic.

1. Izimpawu zesifo sokukhula. Yize zikwazi ukufunda kahle, izingane ze-hyperlexic zizokhombisa izimpawu zesifo sokukhula, njengokuhluleka ukukhuluma noma ukuxhumana njengezinye izingane ezingontanga yazo. Bangakhombisa nezinkinga zokuziphatha.
2. Ngaphansi kokuqonda okujwayelekile. Izingane ezine-hyperlexia zinamakhono aphezulu kakhulu okufunda kepha ziphansi kunokuqonda okujwayelekile namakhono okufunda. Bangathola eminye imisebenzi efana nokuhlanganisa ndawonye amapuzzle nokuthola amathoyizi nemidlalo okukhohlisa kancane.
3. Amandla okufunda ngokushesha. Bazofunda ukufunda ngokushesha ngaphandle kokufundisa okuningi futhi kwesinye isikhathi baze bazifundise nokufunda. Ingane ingakwenza lokhu ngokuphinda amagama ewabonayo noma ewezwayo kaninginingi.
4. Ukuhlobana kwezincwadi. Izingane ezine-hyperlexia zizothanda izincwadi nezinye izinto zokufunda ngaphezu kokudlala namanye amathoyizi nemidlalo. Bangaze babhale namagama ngokuzwakalayo noma emoyeni ngeminwe yabo. Kanye nokuhehwa ngamagama nangezincwadi, ezinye izingane nazo ziyazithanda izinombolo.

I-Hyperlexia ne-autism

I-Hyperlexia ixhunyaniswe kakhulu ne-autism. Ukubuyekezwa komtholampilo kuphethe ngokuthi cishe amaphesenti angama-84 ezingane ezine-hyperlexia asezingeni le-autism. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaphesenti angaba yisithupha kuphela kuya kwayi-14 ezingane ezine-autism alinganiselwa ukuthi ane-hyperlexia.

Iningi lezingane ezine-hyperlexia zizokhombisa amakhono okufunda aqinile ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala eyi-5, lapho sezineminyaka cishe emibili kuya kwengu-4 ubudala. Ezinye izingane ezinalesi sifo ziqala ukufunda zisencane njengezinyanga eziyi-18!

I-Hyperlexia kuqhathaniswa ne-dyslexia

I-Hyperlexia ingaba okuphambene ne-dyslexia, ukukhubazeka kokufunda okubonakala ngokuba nobunzima bokufunda nokupela isipelingi.

Kodwa-ke, ngokungafani nezingane ezine-hyperlexia, izingane ezine-dyslexia ngokuvamile zingakuqonda ezikufundayo futhi zibe namakhono amahle okuxhumana. Eqinisweni, abantu abadala nezingane ezine-dyslexia bavame ukwazi ukuqonda nokubonisana kahle. Kungenzeka futhi babe ngabacabangi abasheshayo futhi abanobuciko obukhulu.

I-dyslexia ivame kakhulu kune-hyperlexia. Omunye umthombo ulinganisela ukuthi cishe abantu abangamaphesenti angama-20 e-United States bane-dyslexia. Amaphesenti ayisishiyagalombili kuya kwangu-90 wabo bonke abakhubazekile ekufundeni ahlukaniswa njenge-dyslexia.

Ukuxilongwa

I-Hyperlexia imane ingenzeki yodwa njengesimo sokuzimela sodwa. Ingane ene-hyperlexic ingahle ibe nezinye izindaba zokuziphatha nokufunda. Lesi simo akulula ukusithola ngoba asihambisani nencwadi.

I-Hyperlexia ayichazwanga kahle kwi-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) yodokotela base-United States. I-DSM-5 ibala i-hyperlexia njengengxenye ye-autism.

Akukho ukuhlolwa okuqondile kokukuxilonga. I-Hyperlexia ivame ukutholakala isuselwa kuziphi izimpawu nezinguquko ingane ekhombisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Njenganoma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kokufunda, ngokushesha lapho ingane ithola ukuxilongwa, ngokushesha lapho izidingo zabo zizohlangatshezwa khona ukuze zikwazi ukufunda kangcono, indlela yazo.

Yazisa udokotela wezingane wakho uma ucabanga ukuthi ingane yakho ine-hyperlexia noma ezinye izindaba zokuthuthuka. Udokotela wezingane noma udokotela womndeni uzodinga usizo lwabanye ochwepheshe bezokwelapha ukuthola i-hyperlexia. Kuzofanele ukuthi ubone isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo yengane, owelapha ngokuziphatha, noma uchwepheshe wezinkulumo ukuze uthole ngokuqinisekile.

Ingane yakho inganikezwa izivivinyo ezikhethekile ezisetshenziselwa ukuthola ukuqonda kwazo ulimi. Okunye kwalokhu kungabandakanya ukudlala ngamabhulokhi noma iphazili futhi ube nengxoxo nje. Ungakhathazeki - izivivinyo azinzima noma azesabisi. Ingane yakho ingahle ikujabulele ukuyenza!

Udokotela wakho futhi uzohlola ukuzwa, ukubona, kanye nokucabanga kwengane yakho. Kwesinye isikhathi izinkinga zokuzwa zingavimbela noma zibambezele amakhono okukhuluma nawokuxhumana. Abanye ochwepheshe bezempilo abasiza ukuxilonga i-hyperlexia babandakanya abelaphi abasebenza, othisha bezemfundo ekhethekile, kanye nabasebenzi bezenhlalakahle.

Ukwelashwa

Izinhlelo zokwelashwa kwe-hyperlexia nezinye izinkinga zokufunda zizokwenzelwa izidingo nezindlela zokufunda zengane yakho. Alukho uhlelo olufanayo. Ezinye izingane zingadinga usizo ngokufunda iminyaka embalwa nje. Abanye badinga uhlelo lokwelashwa oludlulela eminyakeni yabo yobudala noma ngokungapheli.

Uyingxenye enkulu yohlelo lokwelashwa kwengane yakho. Njengomzali wabo, ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu ukubasiza bakhulume ngendlela abazizwa ngayo. Abazali bavame ukubona ukuthi ingane yabo idinga ini ukuze ifunde amakhono amasha engqondo, angokomzwelo nawokuxhumana nabantu.

Ingane yakho ingahle idinge ukwelashwa kokukhuluma, izivivinyo zokuxhumana, kanye nezifundo zokuthi zingakuqonda kanjani lokho ezikufundayo, kanye nosizo olwengeziwe ngokwenza amakhono amasha okukhuluma nokuxhumana. Lapho nje beqala isikole, bangadinga usizo olwengeziwe ekuqondeni ukufunda nakwamanye amakilasi.

E-United States, izinhlelo zemfundo ehlukile (IEPs) zenzelwe izingane ezineminyaka yobudala engu-3 kuphela ezingazuza ekunakekelweni okukhethekile ezindaweni ezithile. Ingane ene-hyperlexic izokwenza kahle ekufundeni kepha ingadinga enye indlela yokufunda ezinye izifundo namakhono. Isibonelo, bangenza kangcono besebenzisa ubuchwepheshe noma bakhethe ukubhala encwadini yokubhalela.

Izikhathi zokwelashwa nodokotela wezengqondo wezingane kanye nodokotela osebenza emsebenzini nazo zingasiza. Ezinye izingane ezine-hyperlexia nazo zidinga imishanguzo. Khuluma nodokotela wezingane mayelana nokuthi yini okungcono kakhulu enganeni yakho.

Ukudla okudlela endlini

Uma ingane yakho ifunda kahle ngokumangalisayo isencane, akusho ukuthi ine-hyperlexia noma isesigabeni se-autism. Ngokufanayo, uma ingane yakho kutholakala ukuthi ine-hyperlexia, akusho ukuthi ine-autism. Zonke izingane zifakwe izintambo ngokuhlukile futhi zinezivinini ezihlukene zokufunda nezitayela.

Ingane yakho ingahle ibe nendlela ehlukile yokufunda nokuxhumana. Njenganoma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kokufunda, kubalulekile ukuthola ukuxilongwa bese uqala uhlelo lokwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu. Njengoba kunohlelo olukhona lokuqhubeka nempumelelo yokufunda, ingane yakho izoba nalo lonke ithuba lokuchuma.