Ama-inhalers we-COPD

-Delile

• I-metered-dose inhaler
• I-inhaler eyomile yomgubo
• Inhaler ethambile
• Ukudla okudlela endlini
• A:

Ukubuka konke

Isifo esingapheliyo se-pulmonary disease (COPD) siyiqembu lezifo zamaphaphu - kufaka phakathi i-bronchitis engapheli, i-asthma, ne-emphysema - okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula. Imithi efana ne-bronchodilators ne-inhaled steroids yehlisa ukuvuvukala futhi ivule izindlela zakho zomoya ukukusiza uphefumule kalula.

I-inhaler iyisetshenziswa esiphathwa ngesandla esihambisa isikhwehlela noma ukufafaza le mithi ngqo emaphashini akho ngomlomo. Ama-inhalers asebenza ngokushesha kunamaphilisi, okumele adlule egazini lakho ukuze afike emsebenzini.

Ama-inhalers anezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko:

• i-metered-dose inhaler (MDI)
• i-powder eyomile inhaler (DPI)
• inhaler ethambile (SMI)

I-metered-dose inhaler

I-metered-dose inhaler (MDI) iyisetshenziswa esiphathwa ngesandla esihambisa umuthi wesifuba emaphashini akho ngendlela ye-aerosol. I-canister inamathiselwe kokukhuluma ngomlomo. Uma ucindezela i-canister, i-propellant yamakhemikhali iphusha umuthi emaphashini akho.

Nge-MDI, kufanele uphefumule isikhathi sakho ngokukhululwa komuthi. Uma unenkinga yokwenza lokhu, ungasebenzisa idivayisi ebizwa nge-spacer. Isikhala esingasiza ukuxhumanisa ukuphefumula kwakho okuhogelile ngokukhululwa komuthi.

Izidakamizwa ze-COPD eziza nge-MDI zifaka ama-steroids afana neFlovent HFA kanye nenhlanganisela yama-steroid / ama-bronchodilators afana ne-Symbicort.

Yonke i-MDI iza nemiyalo yayo. Ngokuvamile, nansi indlela yokusebenzisa eyodwa:

• Susa ikepisi ku-inhaler.
• Njengoba okhulumela umlomo ubheke phansi, xhawula i-inhaler cishe imizuzwana emihlanu ukuxuba umuthi.
• Bese usebenzisa eyodwa yalezi zindlela:
  • Inqubo yokuvula umlomo: Bamba okhulumela umlomo 1 1/2 kuya 2 amayintshi ukusuka emlonyeni wakho.
  • Inqubo yokuvala umlomo: Faka okokukhulumela phakathi kwezindebe zakho bese uvale izindebe zakho uzivale.
  • Nge-spacer: Faka i-MDI ngaphakathi kwesikhala bese uvale izindebe zakho eduze kwesikhala.
• Khipha umoya ngomusa.
• Cindezela i-inhaler bese, ngasikhathi sinye, uthathe umoya ojulile ungene ngomlomo wakho. Qhubeka uphefumulele ngaphakathi imizuzwana emi-3 kuye kwemi-5.
• Bamba umoya wakho imizuzwana emi-5 ukuya kwengu-10 ukuze ungenise umuthi ezindleleni zakho zomoya.
• Khululeka uphefumulele ngaphandle kancane.
• Phinda inqubo uma udinga ukukhukhumeza okwengeziwe komuthi.

Buhle: Ama-MDIs kulula ukuwasebenzisa futhi angasetshenziswa ngezinhlobo eziningi zezidakamizwa ze-COPD, kufaka phakathi ama-steroids, ama-bronchodilators, kanye nemithi ehlanganisiwe. Uthola nomthamo ofanayo wemithi njalo lapho uwasebenzisa.

Nebubi: Ama-MDI adinga ukuthi uqondanise phakathi kokusebenzisa umuthi nokuwuphefumulela ngaphakathi. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi uphefumulele phansi kancane nangokujulile.Uma uphefumula ngokushesha okukhulu, umuthi uzoshaya ngemuva komphimbo wakho, futhi okuningi kwawo ngeke kufinyelele emaphashini akho. Kungase kudingeke nokuthi usebenzise isikhala sokufaka umuthi emaphashini akho.

I-inhaler eyomile yomgubo

I-inhaler eyomile eyimpuphu (i-DPI) iletha umuthi emaphashini akho uma uphefumula ngaleyo divayisi. Ngokungafani ne-MDI, i-DPI ayisebenzisi i-propellant ukuphusha umuthi emaphashini akho. Esikhundleni salokho, umoya wakho wangaphakathi wenza umuthi usebenze.

Ama-DPI eza ngamadivayisi we-single-dose kanye nedosi amaningi. Amadivayisi wemithamo eminingi aqukethe amanani angafika kwangu-200.

Ama-powders we-COPD owomile angasetshenziswa nge-DPI afaka ama-steroids afana nePulmicort kanye nama-bronchodilators anjengeSpiriva:

Yonke i-DPI iza nemiyalo yayo. Ngokuvamile, nansi indlela yokusebenzisa eyodwa:

• Susa ikepisi.
• Susa ikhanda lakho kude nedivayisi bese uphefumulela ngaphandle kwayo yonke indlela. Ungakhipheli ngaphandle kudivayisi. Ungawusakaza umuthi.
• Faka into oyikhulumayo emlonyeni wakho bese uvale izindebe zakho kuyo.
• Phefumulela ngaphakathi kakhulu imizuzwana embalwa uze ugcwalise amaphaphu akho.
• Khipha idivayisi emlonyeni wakho bese ubamba umoya wakho kuze kube amasekhondi ayi-10.
• Phefumulela ngaphandle kancane.

Buhle: Njengama-MDIs, ama-DPIs nawo kulula ukuwasebenzisa. Awudingi ukuxhumanisa ukucindezela idivayisi nokuphefumula kumuthi, futhi awudingi ukusebenzisa isikhala.

Nebubi: Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele uphefumulele phezulu kunalokho ongakwenza nge-MDI. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunzima ukuthola isilinganiso esifanayo ngqo isikhathi ngasinye lapho usebenzisa i-inhaler. Lolu hlobo lwe-inhaler lungaphazanyiswa umswakama nezinye izinto zemvelo.

Inhaler ethambile

I-soft mist inhaler (i-SMI) uhlobo olusha lwedivayisi. Kwakha ifu lomuthi ohogela ngaphandle kosizo lwe-propellant. Ngenxa yokuthi inkungu iqukethe izinhlayiya eziningi kunama-MDIs nama-DPIs futhi isifutho sishiya i-inhaler ngokunensa, isidakamizwa esiningi singena emaphashini akho.

Izidakamizwa ze-bronchodilator tiotropium (Spiriva Respimat) ne-olodaterol (iStriverdi Respimat) zombili zingena enkungwini ethambile. IStiolto Respimat ihlanganisa izidakamizwa i-tiotropium ne-olodaterol.

Ukudla okudlela endlini

Uma uyisebenzisa kahle, i-inhaler yakho izokhipha izimpawu zakho ze-COPD. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi akubonise ukuthi uyisebenzisa kanjani. Gcina umbhalo walokho izinsuku zokuphelelwa yisikhathi kumuthi wakho, bese uthola incwadi kadokotela entsha uma umuthi wakho uphela.

Thatha umuthi wakho njengoba udokotela wakho ekuyalele. Uma udinga umuthi wokulawula nsuku zonke, uphuze nsuku zonke - noma ngabe uzizwa uphilile. Yazisa udokotela wakho uma uba nemiphumela engemihle, kodwa ungalokothi uyeke ukuphuza umuthi ngaphandle uma welulekwe ngenye indlela.

A:

I-HFA isifinyezo se-hydrofluoroalkane, okuyi-propellant ephephile emkhathini kunama-propellants amadala asetshenziswa kuma-MDIs okuqala. I-Diskus wuphawu lokuhweba olusiza ukuchaza ukwakheka kwedivayisi yokulethwa kanye nendlela ejikelezayo esetshenziselwa ukuhambisa igumbi lomthamo we-powder owomile lingene egumbini. I-Respimat wuphawu lokuhweba olusiza ukuchaza indlela ye-SMI eyenziwe yinkampani eyenza imithi iBoehringer Ingelheim.